We assessed the accuracy of clinical evaluation, arthrography and arthroscopy in the diagnosis of meniscal lesions in ninty knees in which arthrotomy was performed for disabling symptoms after evaluation by these three methods. At surgery, ninty-two menisci were removed, of which seventy-two were abnormal and twenty were normal. In these ninty-two menisci, correct diagnostic rate was made clinically 78%, arthrographically 70% and arthroscopically 86%. Arthrographic diagnosis was least accurate for lesions of the lateral meniscus and arthroscopic diagnosis was least accurate for lesions of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus and peripheral lesions. Based on this study, it was concluded that both the arthrography and arthroscopy are valuable technique for diagnosis of meniscal lesions.
Animals ; Arthrography ; Arthroscopy ; Diagnosis ; Horns ; Knee ; Menisci, Tibial

Therapeutic irradiation may produce a variety of adverse side effects on the central and the peripheral nervous systems. These adverse effects are divided into two main groups; transient and permanent. Four major clinical syndromes have been described in relation to permanent radiation injury of the nervous system: encephalopathy, cranial neuropathy, myelopathy, and peripheral neuropathy. Among them, delayed encephalopathy represents the major hazard in CNS irradiation. The characteristic MR imaging pattern of radiation induced delayed necrotizing leukoencephalopathy is symmetric, high-signal foci on T2WI in the periventricular white matter. We report a case of suspected post-irradiation leukoencephalopathy showed progressive mental change, quadriparesis, and urinary incontinence with characteristic MR findings who had taken therapeutic irradiation 12 months ago.
Cranial Nerve Diseases ; Leukoencephalopathies* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Nervous System ; Peripheral Nervous System ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; Quadriplegia ; Radiation Injuries ; Spinal Cord Diseases ; Urinary Incontinence

A case of intraneural ganglion, 5cm×2cm×1.5cm, which was located between the funiculi of the common peroneal nerve was excised completely under the operative microscope. There was no communication with adjacent bursa or joint.
Ganglion Cysts ; Joints ; Peroneal Nerve

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: There are few reports of affecting factors of the longterm prognosis after acute ischemic stroke. The aim of this prospective study was to determine which variables, of those easily measurable during the first 24 hours after stroke onset, would be predictors of longterm outcome. METHOD: Ninety-eight patients with an acute ischemic stroke were evaluated within 24 hours after symptom onset. The following potential affecting factors of outcome were prospectively collected : demographic datas, socioeconomic factors, risk factors of cerebrovascular accidents, clinical f indings as measured by the National Institute of Health (NIH) scale, laboratory findings and premorbid varibles rated according to modified Rankin score (mRS). We evaluated the outcome, assessed with mRS as good (mRS 3 or less) and poor (mRS 4, 5 or death) and follow up was undertaken at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after onset. The statistical analysis was performed by means of SPSS/PC+package to determine the longterm prognostic factors. RESULTS: The multiple stepwise regression analysis revealed that the outcome depend on NIH scale(p<0.001), age (p<0.01), previous stroke(p<0.01), loss of consciousness (LOC) at onset (p Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Paresis ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Stroke ; Unconsciousness

We report a 18 years old man of brainstem encephalitis with acute ataxia, areflexia and gaze evoked vertical and horizontal nystagmus which is mimicking Miller Fisher syndrome. He had evidences of both peripheral neuropathy in nerve conduction studies and a brainstem encephalitis in MR findings. The possible relationship of the Miller Fisher syndrome and brainstem encephalitis are discussed with brief review of literature.
Adolescent ; Ataxia ; Brain Stem* ; Encephalitis* ; Humans ; Miller Fisher Syndrome* ; Neural Conduction ; Nystagmus, Pathologic ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases

High dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) therapy can improve the clinical course of several immune mediciated diseases. We evaluated clinical effects and side effects of IVIg in Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). 19 Patients with GBS were studied prospectively in a placebo-controlled trial. 11 Patients were received high dose IVIg (400mg/kg for 5 days) and controls received only conservative treatment. The disability scores using modified Rankin scores before and after treatment of each group were compared. Four weaks later, mean Rankin Score of IVIg group was 2.5 + 0.7 and control group was 3.3+ 0.5which showed significant difference(p<0.05). There were no serious advers effer of promote early improvement with safety in acute phase of Guillan-Barre syndrome.
Guillain-Barre Syndrome* ; Humans ; Immunization, Passive* ; Immunoglobulins* ; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous ; Prospective Studies

Purpose: Preoperative tumor size is associated with clinical stage, treatment plan and even survival rate of patient. We investigated the accuracy of tumor size estimation between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonography (US) findings, comparing these with pathologic tumor size in the diagnosis of early breast carcinoma. Methods: Between 2011 and 2016, 136 patients with early breast cancer were analyzed and their tumor size on US and MRI findings were compared with their pathologic tumor size retrospectively. The background parenchymal enhancement of MRI was categorized as minimal, mild, moderate, and extreme. The patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy, had positive resection margins, underwent excisional biopsy for cancer diagnosis, and had non-mass lesions on MRI scans, were excluded. Results: In all, 83.1% of the cases showed concordance between MRI findings and pathologic tumor size within 0.5cm. MRI overestimated the findings by 10.3% and underestimated them by 6.6%; 78.7% showed concordance between US findings and pathologic tumor size within 0.5cm. US overestimated the findings by 5.9% and underestimated them by 15.4%. The tumor size on MRI (r=0.87) showed a stronger correlation to the pathologic tumor size than that on US (r=0.64) in early breast cancer patients. US had a tendency to underestimate the tumor size. The degree of breast parenchyma did not affect the accuracy of the measurement of preoperative tumor size. Conclusion MRI is relatively more accurate than US for assessing preoperative tumor size in breast cancer patients. US tends to underestimate tumor size.

No abstract available.
Atrioventricular Block

For the purpose of investigation of prevalence, etiology and its related factors of the dementia in the rural elderly, the author examined 650 elderly people aged 60 years or more via cluster sampling by using a door to door 2 phase design from June 1992 to July 1992. The cognitive impairment was assessed by MMSEK in the first screening phase, and in the second phase 252 people in the dementia suspected group (MMSEK score < 23) and 34 in the control group (MMSEK score > 24) were taken to the clinical examination for the diagnosing dementia. The results were as follows; 1. The prevalence rate of dementia was 21.3% in the rural elderly, and was higher in females (31.1%) than in males (10.7%) (p<0.01). 2. The prevalence rates of dementia in males aged 60-69, 70-79 and over 80 were 4.1%, 16.7% and 50.0% respectively and those in female were 8.7%, 49.3%, 72.2% respectively. The rates increased significantly with increasing age in both sexes (p<0.01). 3. The prevalence rates of the mild, moderate and severe dementia were 8.4%, 9.3% and 3.6% respectively and increased significantly with increasing age in females (p<0.001). 4. The proportional distribution of dementia type by etiological classification was 63.6% senile dementia of Alzheimer's type, 17.7% vascular dementia, 10.4% mixed dementia, 4.2% alcoholic dementia, 1.0% posttraumatic dementia and 3.1% for others. 5. In multiple logistic regression analysis for affecting factors of the dementia, the significant variables were level of physical activity, age, education and sex. The Odds ratios in factors were low level of physical activity 6.0 x (95% CI 2.4-15.1), age over 70 4.8 x (95% CI 2.2-10.7), no formal education 3.9 x (95% CI 1.1-13.8), and female sex 2.2 x (95% CI 1.0-5.0).
Aged* ; Alcoholics ; Alzheimer Disease ; Classification ; Dementia* ; Dementia, Vascular ; Education ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Motor Activity ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence*

China ; Coronavirus ; Humans ; Korea ; Pneumonia ; Pneumonia, Viral ; Radiography ; Thorax