PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a simulation-based practice program on nursing students' self-efficacy, critical thinking disposition and problem solving process.METHOD: A quasi-experimental non-equivalent control group pre-post test, design was used. A total of 111 students, 53 students for the experimental group and 58 students for the control group. The experimental group participated in the program for 30 hours during 4 days. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, X2-test, Fisher's exact probability test, and t-test.RESULTS: The results showed that the simulation-based practice program significantly improved self - efficacy and critical thinking disposition of nursing students. However, there was no significant difference in the problem solving process.CONCLUSION: Therefore, to promote self-efficacy and critical thinking disposition in nursing students, it is necessary to actively use simulation-based practice program. To improve the problem solving process in the future, it is necessary to apply the simulation-based practice program to the nursing curriculum continuously and to use it considering sufficient education periods.
Curriculum ; Education ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Humans ; Methods ; Nursing ; Problem Solving ; Students, Nursing ; Thinking

PURPOSE: We created an 'AAPM TG18 Evaluation Tool' and we determined its usefulness for the quality control of a diagnostic monitor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We created an evaluation tool (the AAPM TG18) for conducting quality control of a diagnostic monitor, and we evaluated the measurement items of the AAPM TG18 evaluation tool. The measurement items were geometric distortion, fixed quantity assessment and visual assessment of the veiling glare, and we carried out adjustment for the luminance meter 0% calibration, which was used to revise the diagnostic monitor DICOM LUT. RESULTS: With the AAPM TG18 Evaluation Tool, we measured the 2-dimensional length when evaluating the quantitative geometric distortions in the TG18-QC test pattern, and we measured the veiling-glare ring response function, which provided information regarding the spatial extent of the luminance spread, and this measurement of the can be performed using the TG18-GV pattern. Additionally, the AAPM TG18 Evaluation Tool can be used for sensor calibration to standardize the basic rate of 0% luminance when performing periodic calibration. CONCLUSION: The evaluation tool is a very useful for easily evaluating many of the examination items of the AAPM TG18 for performing quality control of a diagnostic monitor.
Calibration ; Computer Terminals ; Glare ; Organothiophosphorus Compounds ; Quality Control ; Radiology Information Systems ; Total Quality Management

PURPOSE: To report the short-term results of second-generation metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty (THA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and sixty-five patients (169 hips) were followed for more than 2 years after primary THA using a modern metal-on-metal bearing conducted between April 2000 and March 2002. All patients were examined clinically and radiographically. RESULTS: The average Harris hip score improved from 53.9 points preoperatively to 94.2 points at the time of the last follow-up. All prostheses demonstrated radiographic evidence of bone ingrowth. Nine patients (10 hips) had an osteolytic lesion localized at the greater trochanter. Patients with osteolysis had a significantly higher rate of positive skin-patch tests for cobalt than controls (p=0.031). Of these, two hips underwent revision operation due to recurrent dislocation and imminent fracture through the greater trochanter, respectively. There was no evidence of metal wear on the retrieved bearing surfaces, but microscopic analysis of periprosthetic tissues revealed abnormal histological findings consistent with delayed-type hypersensitivity. CONCLUSION: Early results of THA using the current metal-on-metal bearing design were encouraging in most of the patients. However, this implant bearing should be avoided in patients with a history of allergic reaction to metals.
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* ; Cobalt ; Dislocations ; Femur ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Hypersensitivity, Delayed ; Metals ; Osteolysis ; Prostheses and Implants

PURPOSE: This study aimed was done to analyze recent trends in nursing research published in the Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing by focusing on the content of nursing interventions and their level of evidence. METHODS: A total of 209 studies published between 2007 and 2008 were reviewed using analysis criteria developed by the researchers. RESULTS: The number of quantitative studies was greater than that of qualitative studies. There was a slight increase in the number of qualitative studies and studies including elderly populations, which reflects the recent population trend in Korea. More randomized controlled trials with a low risk of bias were needed to support more evidence-based nursing practice. Concerning the low rate of ethical consideration, stricter application of research ethics needs to be encouraged. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study suggest the recent trends in nursing research and the direction of nursing research and review in the Journal.
Bibliometrics ; Humans ; Nursing Research/*trends ; *Periodicals as Topic ; Qualitative Research ; Republic of Korea

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) fails occasionally due to a surgically altered anatomy, periampullary diverticulum, difficult cannulation, or poor general condition of the patient. In these cases, alternative treatment options are necessary, including percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) or percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder biliary drainage (PTGBD). Here, we report a case of cholangitis treated with percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder papillary balloon dilatation (PTGBPBD). A 61-year-old male was admitted for cholangitis associated with biliary sludge. ERCP cannulation had failed due to the position of the papilla within a large periampullary diverticulum, and PTBD had failed due to a non-dilated intrahepatic bile duct. Following PTGBD, papillary balloon dilatation was completed successfully through the PTGBD tract. The patient tolerated the procedure and was discharged without complications. We conclude that PTGBPBD is an acceptable and safe procedure in a patient with cholangitis who underwent failed ERCP or PTBD procedures.
Bile ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; Catheterization ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Cholangitis ; Dilatation* ; Diverticulum ; Drainage ; Gallbladder* ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) fails occasionally due to a surgically altered anatomy, periampullary diverticulum, difficult cannulation, or poor general condition of the patient. In these cases, alternative treatment options are necessary, including percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) or percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder biliary drainage (PTGBD). Here, we report a case of cholangitis treated with percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder papillary balloon dilatation (PTGBPBD). A 61-year-old male was admitted for cholangitis associated with biliary sludge. ERCP cannulation had failed due to the position of the papilla within a large periampullary diverticulum, and PTBD had failed due to a non-dilated intrahepatic bile duct. Following PTGBD, papillary balloon dilatation was completed successfully through the PTGBD tract. The patient tolerated the procedure and was discharged without complications. We conclude that PTGBPBD is an acceptable and safe procedure in a patient with cholangitis who underwent failed ERCP or PTBD procedures.
Bile ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; Catheterization ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Cholangitis ; Dilatation* ; Diverticulum ; Drainage ; Gallbladder* ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

To investigate diagnostic value of Thallium 201(T1-201) thymid scan in differentiating malignant nodule from benign, 135 patients with thyroid nodule were evaluated with Tl-201 thyroid scan, fine needle aspiration(FNA), clinical characteristics and laboratory data. Each had histological diagnosis after thyroidectomy. Tl-201 scan had a sensitivity of 67.3% and a specificity of 66.3% and FNA had sermitivity of 46.9% and specificity of 100% in predicting malignancy. As the size of thyroid nodule and age of patient incteases, diagnostic value of 11-201 thyroid scan was improved. In the thyroid nodules larger then 3cm, sensitivity, specificity and negative predictive value were 100%, 70% and 100%, reqectively. By cornbining Tl-201 throid scan and FNA, sensitivity had 91.8%. From the data we conclude that Tl-201 thyroid scan is valuable with adjuvant diagnostic method in differentiating malignant fmm benign thyroid nodule and treatment planning.
Diagnosis ; Humans ; Methods ; Needles ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Thallium ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroid Nodule ; Thyroidectomy

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the effects of shift work on abdominal obesity among young and middle-aged female nurses during a 5-year retrospective study. METHODS: This retrospective study included female nurses (20–39 years old) who worked at a university hospital in Korea and had available health screening results from 2010–2015. Among 2,611 employees, 934 healthy 20–39-year-old female nurses were identified, and data regarding their demographic information (age and date of employment), waist circumferences (WC), and lifestyle factors (alcohol and exercise) were obtained. Abdominal obesity was defined as a WC of ≥80 cm, based on the World Health Organization’s Asia-West Pacific standard in 2000. The mean WC change from baseline was analyzed using the paired t test, and the association between shift work and abdominal obesity was analyzed using the generalized estimating equation. RESULTS: Compared to all day workers (both age groups), the 20–29-year-old nurses did not exhibit significant changes in WC at each follow-up. However, among the 30–39-year-old nurses, shift workers exhibited a significant change in WC (vs. baseline) during years 4 and 5, compared to day workers. After adjusting for effective confounders and stratifying the participants according to age, the 20–29-year-old nurses exhibited an odds ratio of 3.21 (95 % confidence interval: 1.29–7.98) for shift work-associated obesity, although the odds ratio for the 30–39-year-old nurses was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: In the study population, shift work was associated with a significant change in mean WC among 30–39-year-old nurses, and the shift work-associated risk of abdominal obesity was significant among 20–29-year-old nurses. These results indicate that shift work may influence abdominal obesity differently in 20–29-year-old and 30–39-year-old female nurses.
Female* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Global Health ; Humans ; Korea ; Life Style ; Longitudinal Studies* ; Mass Screening ; Obesity ; Obesity, Abdominal* ; Odds Ratio ; Retrospective Studies* ; Waist Circumference

To evaluate the prognostic significance of ERD5 in gastric cancer, the frequency of their expression was examined by the immunohistochemical method in 70 cases of gastric cancer with alcohol-fixed, paraffin embedded specimens which were obtained surgically at the department of Surgery, Gyeongsang National University Hospital from October, 1990 to May, 1993. Correlations between ERD5 positivity and clinicopathological parameters were analysed with Student's t-test and Chi-square test, and the survival rate according to whether the ERD5 was present or not was evaluated with Kaplan-Meier analysis model. Of the 70 patients, 40 cases showed a positive rate for estrogen receptor and 27 cases(67.5%) were male and 15 cases(50%) were female. There was no significant difference between the ERD5 positive rate and sex distribution. In age distribution, the ERD5 positive rate was most high(67%) in the 5th decade, but it was not significant statistically. There was no significant difference between the ERD5 positive rate and the WHO pathologic classification. In Lauren's classification, the intestinal type of gastric cancer had a higher positive rate(69%) than diffuse type(50%). In Ming's classification, the expanding type(82%) of gastric cancer had a higher positive rate than the infiltrative type(50%). A statistically significant difference was found between the expanding type and infiltrative type(P<0.05). There were no significant differences between the ERD5 positive rate and the TNM staging or the degree of differentiation of cancer cells. There was no significant difference between the ERD5 positive rate and the serum CEA level. Of the 70 patients, the overall 5-years survival rate was 37 % and 5-years survival rate of positive ERD5 cases had a higher rate (38.4%) than negative cases (35.1%) but there was no statistically significant difference. In conclusion, the ERD5 positive rate was significantly high in the patient with expanding type of gastric cancer in Ming's classification and intestinal type of gastric cancer in Lauren's classification. But, there was no significant difference in the survival rates between the ERD5 positive group and the ERD5 negative group.
Age Distribution ; Classification ; Estrogens* ; Female ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Male ; Neoplasm Staging ; Paraffin ; Sex Distribution ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Survival Rate

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to examine and share experiences of male nurses who have been rejected during their nursing practice by their patients. METHODS: The participants were 12 male nurses who have worked in several hospitals. Data were collected through personalized in-depth interviews. Collected data were analyzed with the content analysis method. RESULTS: The results can be categorized into three main themes. 1. Rejection based on gender stereotypes of nurses' roles. 2. Nurses' reactions when nursing was rejected 3. Reestablishing the role as a nurse. The results of this study showed that male nurses were struggling to maintain their own positions as professional nurses. They were refused by their patients and they experienced a lack of skill and knowledge in nursing practice. They were harmed physically and psychologically from being turned down, and sometimes they had serious conflicts with female nurses. Meanwhile, the male nurses tried to be faithful to their role as professional nurses. CONCLUSION: The results of this study show the following findings. 1. The male nurses' experiences where mostly ones of understanding and cooperation with patients' caregivers. 2. The need for public relations advertising and systematic support from the media. 3. The need for improving gender equality for nurses. 4. Strengthening male nursing students' endeavors for sound nursing professionalism.
Caregivers ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Methods ; Nurses, Male ; Nursing ; Professionalism ; Public Relations ; Qualitative Research