BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to analyze the endotracheal intubation cases performed in the emergency department. METHODS: We investigated retrospectively 326 cases of endotracheal intubation performed in the emergency department of a tertiary care center from April 1, 1998 to March 31, 1999. We focused on operators, medications used, its success rate and immediate complications, and the relationship between its success rate and medications. RESULTS: Of 326 consecutive intubations, 193 patients(59.2%) were done by emergency medicine residents or attending physician. While 320 patients(98.2%) were successfully intubated, 6 patients could not be intubated and 2 patients underwent tracheostomy. Of 50 cases of intubations(15.3%) attempted with paralyzing agents, 48 cases were done with succinylcholine and 46 cases underwent by emergency physicians. Intubations with neuromuscular paralysis resulted in high success rates at the first attempt. Of 55 immediate adverse events were encountered in 47 patients(desaturation=17, bronchial intubation=15, hypotension=8, bradycardia=4, cardiac arrest=2, others=5). CONCLUSION: At this institution, paralyzing agents were used infrequently, but almost all of them were used by emergency physicians.
Emergencies* ; Emergency Medicine ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Humans ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal* ; Paralysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Succinylcholine ; Tertiary Care Centers* ; Tertiary Healthcare* ; Tracheostomy

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the color changes of the composite resin resulting from xenon lamp exposure in different environments. Composite resin (Z 250 ; shade A1, A2, A3, A3.5, and A4) were applied in a cylindrical metal mold. Seventy five specimens according to environments of exposure were made as follows; Group I: aluminum foiling of the specimens in the air at 37degrees C for 1 day and 7 days. Group II: exposure of xenon lamp to the specimens in the air at 37degrees C for 1 day and 7 days. Group III: exposure of xenon lamp to the specimens in distilled water at 37degrees C for 1 day and 7 days. The color characteristics (L*,a*,b*) of the specimens before and after exposure of xenon lamp were measured by spectrophotometer and the total color differences (DeltaE*) were computed. The results obtained were as follows: 1. In all groups except A1 shade of group III, the DeltaE* values presented below 2.0, and group III showed the highest DeltaE* values followed by group II and group I in a decreasing order(p<0.05). 2. In all shades and groups, the more the exposure time of xenon lamp and the lighter the shade were, the higher the tendency for discoloration (p<0.05). 3. The composite resins which was exposed to xenon lamp in the distilled water was more discolored than those in the air (p<0.05). 4. The major changes of composite resins which were exposed to xenon lamp in the air were an increase in yellowness through a positive shift of the b* value, and those in the distilled water were an increase in darkness and yellowness through a negative shift of the L* value and a positive shift of the b* value.
Aluminum ; Composite Resins* ; Darkness ; Fungi ; Water ; Xenon*

No abstract available.
Angiomyolipoma* ; Lymph Nodes*

No abstract available.
Hematoma* ; Orbit*

Liver infarction is rare because of dual blood supply of the liver with hepatic artery and portal vein. And its occurrence as a complication of chronic pancreatitis is rarer. We present a case of chronic pancreatitis complicated by liver infarction and inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery pseudoaneurysm. A 31-year-old female with alcoholism presented with severe acute epigastric pain. Serum amylase and lipase were 203 IU/L and 78 IU/L, respectively. Initial computed tomography (CT) scan showed peripancreatic infiltration, fluid collection, right portal vein thrombosis, and a large wedge-shaped low attenuation in the right hepatic lobe. The patient has been treated with heparin. Follow-up CT scan done after 4 days of heparin treatment demonstrated a pseudocyst with internal hemorrhage and a pseudoaneurysm. Angiography revealed a pseudoaneurysm in inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery. Coil embolization of the artery was done. The patient has been discharged without complication. Follow-up CT scan showed resolution of liver infarction, portal vein thrombosis and pseudoaneurysm.
Adult ; Alcoholism ; Amylases ; Aneurysm, False* ; Angiography ; Arteries* ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Heparin ; Hepatic Artery ; Humans ; Infarction* ; Lipase ; Liver* ; Pancreatitis ; Pancreatitis, Chronic* ; Portal Vein ; Thrombosis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Venous Thrombosis

Liver infarction is rare because of dual blood supply of the liver with hepatic artery and portal vein. And its occurrence as a complication of chronic pancreatitis is rarer. We present a case of chronic pancreatitis complicated by liver infarction and inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery pseudoaneurysm. A 31-year-old female with alcoholism presented with severe acute epigastric pain. Serum amylase and lipase were 203 IU/L and 78 IU/L, respectively. Initial computed tomography (CT) scan showed peripancreatic infiltration, fluid collection, right portal vein thrombosis, and a large wedge-shaped low attenuation in the right hepatic lobe. The patient has been treated with heparin. Follow-up CT scan done after 4 days of heparin treatment demonstrated a pseudocyst with internal hemorrhage and a pseudoaneurysm. Angiography revealed a pseudoaneurysm in inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery. Coil embolization of the artery was done. The patient has been discharged without complication. Follow-up CT scan showed resolution of liver infarction, portal vein thrombosis and pseudoaneurysm.
Adult ; Alcoholism ; Amylases ; Aneurysm, False* ; Angiography ; Arteries* ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Heparin ; Hepatic Artery ; Humans ; Infarction* ; Lipase ; Liver* ; Pancreatitis ; Pancreatitis, Chronic* ; Portal Vein ; Thrombosis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Venous Thrombosis

During the last 9 years, 6 patients of renal angiomyolipoma were managed at Catholic University Medical College. All were unilateral and were not associated with tuberous sclerosis. Preoperative diagnosis were hypernephroma (4), angiomyolipoma and renal stone. All patients were treated with nephrectomy. 17 patients were reported in Korean literature previously. In the review of the 26 cases (23 pts.), 16 cases were diagnosed as angiomyolipoma preoperatively and other as hypernephroma(9) and renal stone(1). Almost all cases(22) were managed with nephrectomy and only 4 cases were managed with conservative treatment (arterial embolization or observation).
Angiomyolipoma* ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Nephrectomy ; Tuberous Sclerosis

No abstract available.
Animals ; Nerve Regeneration* ; Rats* ; Sciatic Nerve*

No abstract available.
Hemangioma, Cavernous*

PURPOSE: To determine whether prostate-specific antigen density(PSAD) and transition zone prostate-specific antigen density(TZ-PSAD) can predict the clinical response of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) to alpha-adrenergic blocker(terazosin). MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 2000 to June 2002, 202 patients with BPH who were treated with alpha-adrenergic blocker(terazosin) were enrolled in this study. The peak flow rate(Qmax) and the International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS) were compared prior to and 3 months following medication. We analyzed total prostate volume(TPV), transition zone volume(TZV), transition zone index(transition zone volume/total prostate volume, TZI), PSAD(PSA/total prostate volume), and TZ-PSAD (PSA/transition zone volume) as predictors of the response to alpha-adrenergic blocker (terazosin). RESULTS: At 3 months following medication with terazosin, a statistically significant improvement was shown in the IPSS and Qmax. There was no significant correlation between pretreatment TPV, TZV, TZI and the percent change in the IPSS and Qmax. However, there was a significant negative correlation between pretreatment PSAD (r=-0.632, p<0.001), TZ-PSAD (r=-0.599, p<0.001) and the percentage change in Qmax, while there was a positive correlation between pretreatment PSAD (r=0.620, p<0.001), TZ-PSAD(r=0.604, p<0.001) and the percentage change in the IPSS. Using the receiver operating characteristic curves to compare PSAD and TZ-PSAD for IPSS, the areas under the respective curves were 0.867 and 0.874(cut-off values were 0.04 and 0.1), and for the Qmax, the areas under the respective curves were 0.876 and 0.873(cut-off values were 0.04 and 0.1). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with a lower pretreatment PSAD and TZ-PSAD responded better to alpha-adrenergic blocker than those with a higher pretreatment PSAD and TZ-PSAD. PSAD and TZ-PSAD were predictors of the response to alpha-adrenergic blocker (terazosin) in patients with BPH.
Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists ; Humans ; Prostate ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; ROC Curve