The coronary arteries of young individuals are histologically studied. Fourteen cases in pediatric age group and three adult hearts were used. No case had clinical and pathological evidences of heart disease. Inner circumference, thickness of tunicae intima, media and adventitia were measured at eight different sites of coronary arteries. The thickness of tunica media was used as a standard scale of cardiac growth, and the heart weight, body weight, height and age were compared with the medial thickness. The morphological changes were assessed in five groups by the heart weights. Group I ( less than 10 gm) showed single endothelial lining with cytoplasmic vacuolization or endothelial denudation. Group II (more than 10 but less than 20 gm) consisted of full term babies and showed first stigma of focal intimal thickening and intimal collagen fibers. Diffuse intimal thickening more than 1/1 of medial thickness was first seen in a case with 46 gm of heart weight. Elastic fiber was not seen in internal elastic laminae of groups I and II. Fragmentation of internal elastic lamina and smooth muscle proliferation as a form of musculoelastic layer were the major findings of intimal thickening in childhood and no case showed complicated atherosclerotic lesions.
Child ; Adult ; Male ; Female ; Humans

BACKGROUND: The brow lift plays an essential role in upper face rejuvenation. The authors designed a new brow lift technique, the endoscope-assisted trichophytic anterior hairline brow lift. It combines the advantages of an endoscopic approach and an anterior hairline approach. This technique was applied to 13 patients with aesthetically excellent results. METHODS: A trichophytic incision line was designed within the fine hairs of the entire anterior hairline and the incision was extended to the temporal hair-bearing scalp. After the incision, most of the procedures were conducted in a similar way to the conventional endoscopic brow lift. Without direct visualization, the dissection was extended down onto the root of the nose and the forehead. An endoscope was used from 2 cm above the supraorbital notch to avoid supraorbital nerve injury. Scars were assessed with the Stony Brook Scar Evaluation Scale (SBSES) at the time the sutures were removed. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score was checked at postoperative 1-year follow-up. The surgical outcomes for brow position and subjective satisfaction were rated with the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) at postoperative 1-month follow-up. The dermatome of the deep branch of the supraorbital nerve, especially around the hairline, was checked with a two-point discrimination test. RESULTS: From October 2012 through August 2015, 13 endoscope-assisted trichophytic anterior hairline brow lifts were performed. The GAIS score was 1.62 on average. The VAS score was 2.09 on average. No permanent nerve damage has been reported except for 2 cases of temporary paresthesia. These fully recovered at 1-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Based on our results, we think our technique could be a safe and effective treatment option for brow ptosis patients with a high hairline.
Cicatrix ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Endoscopes ; Follow-Up Studies ; Forehead ; Hair ; Humans ; Nose ; Paresthesia ; Rejuvenation ; Rhytidoplasty ; Scalp ; Sutures

Neurilemmomas of the trachea are extremely rare. The most common site of them is the distal third of the trachea and the age of the patients at presentation varied from 6 to 78 years old. They usually have a freqeuntly very long natural history, causing symptoms only after they have attained a considerable size. We experienced a case of near-total obstruction of the trachea by an intraluminal sessile neurilemmoma. The patient was a 66-year-old man with 2-year history of progressive exertional dyspnea and had several episodes of pneumonitis associated with productive cough. Grossly, the tumor was a well-circumscribed mass. Microscopically, typical cellular Antoni A and myxoid Antoni B areas were revealed.
Aged ; Cough ; Dyspnea ; Humans ; Natural History ; Neurilemmoma* ; Pneumonia ; Trachea

BACKGROUND: Prenatal tongue development may affect oral-craniofacial structures, but this muscular organ has rarely been investigated. METHODS: In order to document the physiology of prenatal tongue growth, we histologically examined the facial and cranial base structures of 56 embryos and 106 fetuses. RESULTS: In Streeter's stages 13-14 (fertilization age [FA], 28 to 32 days), the tongue protruded into the stomodeal cavity from the retrohyoid space to the cartilaginous mesenchyme of the primitive cranial base, and in Streeter's stage 15 (FA, 33 to 36 days), the tongue rapidly swelled and compressed the cranial base to initiate spheno-occipital synchondrosis and continued to swell laterally to occupy most of the stomodeal cavity in Streeter's stage 16-17 (FA, 37 to 43 days). In Streeter's stage 18-20 (FA, 44 to 51 days), the tongue was vertically positioned and filled the posterior nasopharyngeal space. As the growth of the mandible and maxilla advanced, the tongue was pulled down and protruded anteriorly to form the linguomandibular complex. Angulation between the anterior cranial base (ACB) and the posterior cranial base (PCB) was formed by the emerging tongue at FA 4 weeks and became constant at approximately 124degrees-126degrees from FA 6 weeks until birth, which was consistent with angulations measured on adult cephalograms. CONCLUSIONS: The early clockwise growth of the ACB to the maxillary plane became harmonious with the counter-clockwise growth of the PCB to the tongue axis during the early prenatal period. These observations suggest that human embryonic tongue growth affects ACB and PCB angulation, stimulates maxillary growth, and induces mandibular movement to achieve the essential functions of oral and maxillofacial structures.
Adult ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Embryonic Structures* ; Fetus* ; Humans ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Mesoderm ; Parturition ; Physiology ; Skull Base ; Tongue*

There are many variant forms in Turner's syndrome which is characterized by female phenotype, short height, primary amenorrhea, infertility, abnormal secondary sexual development, and mental retardation. Among these 45,XO/46,XX/47,XXX form is known as rare variant of Turner's syndrome. 45,XO/46,XX/47,XXX mosaicism is characterized by normal height, possibility of normal sexual development, menstrual/pregnancy history and normal intelligence. We report a cse of 45,XO/46,XX/47,XXX Turner's syndrome associated with primary amenorrhea in 17-year old Korean female.
Adolescent ; Amenorrhea* ; Female ; Humans ; Infertility ; Intellectual Disability ; Intelligence ; Mosaicism* ; Phenotype ; Sexual Development ; Turner Syndrome

No abstract available.
Dysautonomia, Familial*

Mazabraud's syndrome is rare benign disease characterized by the association of intramuscular myxoma and fibrous dysplasia of bone. We present a case of multiple intramuscular myxomas of the right forearm with polyostotic fibrous dysplasia. X-rays suggested fibrous dysplasia of adjacent bones and CT scans showed two intramuscular cystic masses on the right forearm. 99mTc bone scintigraphy also showed a markedly increased uptake in the skull, both scapulas, both clavicles and both humeri. The masses were successfully removed. Fibrous dysplasia of the radius and myxoma were confirmed by pathologic study.
Clavicle ; Fibrous Dysplasia of Bone ; Fibrous Dysplasia, Polyostotic ; Forearm ; Myxoma ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Radius ; Scapula ; Skull ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Beauty make up in order to stimulate the appearance and express the identity has become a commonly performed cosmetic procedure. Recently developed permanent make up is the introduction of micropigment into the dermis. The pigmenting procedure is achieved by a single or triple needle coated with pigment, moving rapidly in a reciprocating fashion. It maintains cosmetic effect about 5 years. Contrary to old fashioned tattooing, micropigmentation produces various color and gradually the color is faded. So, after several years when the pigmentation color is faded, a patient can cope with new fashion. We introduce micropigmentation method in eyebrow and eyelashes. From september 2002 to 2005, a total 132 patients(4 men and 128 women) had been treated with micropigmentation. We have had 132 cases of scanty eyebrows, 68 cases of thin eyelashes. After 24 months follow-up period, we achieved satisfactory results.
Beauty ; Dermis ; Eyebrows ; Eyelashes ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Needles ; Pigmentation ; Tattooing

Infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is strongly associated with duodenal and gastric ulcers. Substantial epidemiological data has revealed that high rates of H. pylori infection might be related to high rates of gastric cancer and gastric adenocarcinoma. In this study, a medicinal herbal plant, Cinnamomum cassia, was examined and screened for anti-H. pylori activity. Seventy percent ethanol was used for herbal extraction. For anti-H. pylori activity screening, inhibitory zone tests as an in vitro assay and in vivo study using a Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) model were performed. Also, the safety of herbal compounds was evaluated by animal study. As a result of inhibitory zone test, Cinnamomum cassia extract demonstrated strong anti-H. pylori activities. Also, as results of in vivo animal studies, Cinnamomum cassia demonstrated strong therapeutic effects against H. pylori infection according to the criteria of histological examination and rapid urease test. As results of the safety study, after 28 days treatment of the Cinnamomum cassia extract, the animals were not detected any grossly and histological changes. These results demonstrate that it can be successfully cured against H. pylori infection and protected from H. pylori-induced pathology with Cinnamomum cassia. It could be a promising native herb treatment for patients with gastric complaints including gastric ulcer caused by H. pylori.
Adenocarcinoma ; Animals ; Cinnamomum ; Cinnamomum aromaticum ; Ethanol ; Gerbillinae ; Helicobacter ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Plants ; Plants, Medicinal ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Stomach Ulcer ; Urease

PURPOSE: The pathophysiological role of androgen deprivation in male sexual dysfunction remains controversial, and this is especially true at the molecular level. We investigated the effect of androgen deprivation on the changes of proteins in the penile corpus cavernosum of castrated rabbits by the proteomic approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS: New Zealand white male rabbits(2.5-3kg) were divided into 2 groups: the control group with 5 rabbits and the bilateral orchiectomized group. The bilateral orchiectomized group was divided into the post-operative 4 weeks group(group 1), and the 8 weeks group (group 2) with 5 rabbits in groups 1 and 2, respectively. The penile corpus cavernosum was partly excised at 4 or 8 weeks from the beginning of the experiment. Conventional proteomics was performed with high resolution 2-D gel electrophoresis; this was followed by computational image analysis and protein identification with using mass spectrometry. RESULTS: A comparison of the corpus cavernosum of the orchiectomized group with the control group showed that nine proteins had a changed expression. Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and F-actin binding protein were under-expressed in groups 1 and 2, and myosin regulatory light chain 2, tropomyosin beta chain and tropomyosin 1 were significantly under- expressed in group 1 and they were insignificantly over-expressed in group 2. In addition there were 4 proteins that were insignificantly under- expressed; skeletal muscle myosin heavy chain MyHC-EO/III, a protein that was similar to suppressor of cytokine signaling 6 isoform, myosin light chain 1 and heat shock 27kDa protein 1. CONCLUSIONS: This data suggests that changes of proteins, and especially tropomyosin 1, mean there is processing of the cellular apoptosis pathway in the orchiectomized rabbits' corpus cavernosum. However more information is needed about human corpus cavernosal tissue.
Male ; Humans ; Rabbits ; Animals