No abstract available.
Esophageal Achalasia* ; Esophagitis* ; Humans

Endoscopic bariatric therapies that emulate some of the principles of bariatric surgery have been developed as a less invasive option for the treatment of obesity and related comorbidities. Small bowel endoscopic bariatric therapies include bypass sleeves, incisionless anastomosis systems, and duodenal mucosal resurfacing. Clinical experience with small bowel devices suggests that endoscopic bariatric procedures can be safely implemented and that these devices are effective for both weight loss and metabolic improvement. Although the mechanisms behind these effects should be further elucidated, endoscopic bariatric therapies may be more effective and safer adjunctive interventions than lifestyle modifications and pharmacological regimens for patients with obesity or obesity-related comorbidities.
Bariatric Surgery ; Bariatrics ; Comorbidity ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Intestine, Small ; Life Style ; Obesity ; Weight Loss

Antimicrobial resistance is a growing problem in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori. A combination therapy with proton pump inhibitor, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin is recommended as the first-line treatment regimen in Korea. However, the eradication rate with a standard triple therapy has been unsatisfactory in the last decade, and one of the main reasons for treatment failure is the increasing prevalence of strains resistant to antimicrobials. Therefore, comprehensive and detailed information on antimicrobial resistance is mandatory to optimize the strategy of eradication treatment. The antimicrobial resistance of H. pylori is reported to vary according to study population, geographical region, and test methods. In this review, the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance of H. pylori isolates in Korea is summarized on the basis of recent studies.
Amoxicillin ; Clarithromycin ; Drug Resistance, Microbial ; Helicobacter pylori* ; Helicobacter* ; Korea* ; Prevalence ; Proton Pumps ; Treatment Failure

The correction is being published to correct the grant number in above article.

Endoscopic resection is indicated for early or superficial gastrointestinal neoplasms with a negligible risk of lymph node metastasis. This procedure could preserve the organ while allowing en bloc resection of tumors, irrespective of the size and location of the lesion. Histological evaluation of the resected specimen determines whether curative resection, which implies a favorable long-term outcome, was achieved. If the resected specimen reveals non-curative, additional treatment is necessary as it is strongly associated with recurrence.Current Concepts: Surgical resection is recommended after non-curative resection of gastrointestinal neoplasms. However, rather than surgical resection, additional endoscopic treatment can be recommended if non-curative resection is solely because of the positive involvement at the horizontal resection margin without any other findings compatible with the non-curative resection criteria.Discussion and Conclusion: Adopting precise indications of endoscopic resection is important to reduce the risk of non-curative resection. If curative resection is not achieved after endoscopic resection, additional treatment should be considered to prevent local recurrence as well as lymph node metastasis.

Accurate prediction of Helicobacter pylori infection status based on endoscopic findings is essential for optimizing management. This review emphasizes the importance of accurate endoscopic diagnosis of H. pylori infection. The endoscopic findings categorized in the Kyoto classification provide valuable indicators of infection status. Specifically, findings such as atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, nodular gastritis, enlarged folds, sticky mucus, xanthoma, and map-like redness are associated with H. pylori infection. Regular arrangement of collecting venules and linear red streaks are reliable indicators of non-infection. Selective testing based on endoscopic findings can optimize diagnosis and treatment of H. pylori infection and, minimizing unnecessary procedures. However, some findings overlap and do not clearly distinguish between current and past infections, indicating a need for further research.

Accurate prediction of Helicobacter pylori infection status based on endoscopic findings is essential for optimizing management. This review emphasizes the importance of accurate endoscopic diagnosis of H. pylori infection. The endoscopic findings categorized in the Kyoto classification provide valuable indicators of infection status. Specifically, findings such as atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, nodular gastritis, enlarged folds, sticky mucus, xanthoma, and map-like redness are associated with H. pylori infection. Regular arrangement of collecting venules and linear red streaks are reliable indicators of non-infection. Selective testing based on endoscopic findings can optimize diagnosis and treatment of H. pylori infection and, minimizing unnecessary procedures. However, some findings overlap and do not clearly distinguish between current and past infections, indicating a need for further research.