BACKGROUND: The quality of specimen for Papanicolaou smear depends on the sampling methods of uterine cervix. This study was designed to test specimen adequacy and the detection of disease using t,wo cervical cytological sampling methods. pastic spatula plus Cytobrish and Cervex-Brush. METHODS: Research subjects were t.he exarninee for screening for cevical cancer in Farnily Practice Center and Health Promotion Center of University Hospital. Research sub jects were classified to two groups randomly. 5 physicians used each device at random. A group 80 test smples(plast,ic spatula plus Cytobrush) were compared with B group test samples(Cervex Brush) for the presence rate of endocervial cells and specimen adequacy. The laborat.ory was blind to the sampling met,hods. RESULTS: The plastic spatula plus Cytobrush and Cervex-Brush were comparable in cap- turing in endocervical cells. But the capturing rates of both methods were high(over 70%). Both the pastic spatula plus Cytobrush and Cervex-Brush produced adequate samples, and the adequacy scores between two methods were not different. significantly. CONCLUSIONS: Use of the plastic spatula puls Cytobrush and Cervex-Brush produced adequate smear for interpretation.
Cervix Uteri ; Female ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Papanicolaou Test ; Plastics ; Research Subjects

No abstract available.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid* ; Hand Deformities* ; Hand*

Tracheal stenosis can be caused by various etiologies, such as infectious disease, trauma from previous prolonged incubation, airway surgery, or external blunt trauma, and neoplasm. Recently, the development of emergency and intensive care units leads to the primary cause of airway stenosis using airway devices. The stenotic lesions can be produced at any level between the vocal cord and the site of the tip of the tube. Laryngotracheal stenosis may be due to prolonged endotrachel intubation, especially with large tube, large tracheostomy stoma, too highly placed oacheostomy, erosion by local infection, the prying action of heavyweight equipment that connects the tracheostomy to the ventilator, excessive cuff pressure, or erosion by the tip of the tube. Prevention of tracheal stenosis is of key importance by understanding and attending to these causes. We experienced three cases of tracheal stenosis occurred after use of airway devices. In first and second cases, We performed end-to-end anastomosis artier resection of stenotic segment of the trachea in a 22-year-ol4 female and a 25-year-old male. They ha6 been treated with prolonged endotracheal incubation and emergency tracheostomy, respectively, for a ventilatory support for the respiratory failure after falling down from a height. The stenotic lesions occurred at the cuff site in the first case and at the stomal level in the second case. In third case, We performed one-stage laryngotracheoplastic procedure for subglottic stenosis in a 23-year-old male. He had been treated with emergence tracheostomy which had been placed too high for a ventilators support for the respiratory failure after traffic accident. The stenotic lesion occurred at the stomal level. The postoperative courses were uneventful.
Accidents, Traffic ; Adult ; Communicable Diseases ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Emergencies ; Female ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Intubation ; Male ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Trachea ; Tracheal Stenosis* ; Tracheostomy ; Ventilators, Mechanical ; Vocal Cords ; Young Adult

To demonstrate possible influences of general bone density on the mandible, histomorphometric analysis was carried out in mandibles and iliac bones and the correlation of the two bone densities was tested. Comparison of bony density in women and men over 60 years in the mandible was carried out too. Quantitative computed tomography (GCT) was taken in cross-section of mandibles at the same site where histomorphometric analysis was performed to evaluate the reliability of QCT. The analysis included 40 cadavers with no known disease affecting the bones. The subjects consisted of 15 females and 25 males with a mean age of 60.3 years. Spearman correlation analysis and Wilcoxon rank sum test was performed. The results were as follows. 1. There was statistically no correlation between the mandible and iliac bone in the walues of corrected cortical width (CCW), cortical porosity (POR) in cortex, and total bone volume(TBV), mean trabecular plate thickness (MTPT), mean trabecular plate density (MTPD), and mean trabecular plate separation (MTPS) in trabecular bone. 2. Comparison of women and men over 60 years, men had statistically higher bone density than women except for POR of buccal and lingual cortex, and MTPD of alveolar trabeculae in mandible. 3. There was statistically significant correlation between TBV of trabecular bone and CT NO., but not between POR and CT No. In mandible. According to the results above, there was no correlation between mandible and iliac bone density and between mandibular bony density and age. Further studies are required to support the results. A more noninvasive method to be able to measure the bone density of mandible should be developed and it is necessary to accumulate data on the normal values of bone density of mandible according to age and sex. Further study should be carried out about QCT to measure mandibular bony density using QCT.
Bone Density* ; Cadaver ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mandible* ; Porosity ; Reference Values

BACKGROUND: Many hyaluronic acid (HA)-based anti-adhesive agents have been commercialized for clinical use in the pharmaceutical market. But their efficacy in arthroscopic rotator cuff repairs remains elusive. To determine their efficacy, we performed a comparative analysis of the effects of two hyaluronate/carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)-based anti-adhesive agents, Protescal and Guardix. METHODS: We recruited a total of 256 patients who had received an arthroscopic rotator cuff repair at our hospital between January 2014 and March 2015. Among them, 96 patients fulfilled the study's selection criteria and were enrolled as the final population sample. Thirty patients who had received a postoperative injection of Protescal were allocated into Group A. Another 30 patients who had received a postoperative injection of Guardix were allocated into Group B. As controls, 36 patients who did not receive any injection were allocated into Group C. The patients included in this study were aged between 19 and 75 years. For the clinical assessment, we measured the following clinical parameters—the visual analogue scale for pain (PVAS), the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, and the constant score, as well as passive range of motions (ROMs)—at three time-points (preoperatively, 2-month postoperatively, and 6-month postoperatively). RESULTS: We found that Group A compared to Group B tended to show a swifter recovery in passive anterior elevation and in internal rotation by the 2-month postoperative follow-up, but the differences were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: We found that the effects of HA/CMC-based injections were minimal after arthroscopic rotator cuff repairs.
Elbow ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyaluronic Acid ; Patient Selection ; Retrospective Studies* ; Rotator Cuff* ; Shoulder ; Surgeons

Lentigo maligna, a precancerous tumor arising from abnormal melanocytes, is a chronic, slowly progressive, pigmented lesion with a range of colors from pale tan to black and an irregular shape, The commonest location of lentigo maligna is the face during the sixth and seventh decades of life. Less frequently, the lesion occurs on an extrafacial area such as the hand or lower leg. In the late stage, lentigo maligna transforms into invasive malignant melanoma. A 50-year-old male patient had a well-defined, black pigmented patch on the right sole for 30 years. The histopathologic examination revealed numerous vacuolated melanocytes clusters at the dermo-epidermal junction with invasion of the epidermis. There was no evidence of dermal invasion by atypical melanocytes.
Epidermis ; Hand ; Humans ; Hutchinson's Melanotic Freckle* ; Leg ; Lentigo* ; Male ; Melanocytes ; Melanoma ; Middle Aged ; Triacetoneamine-N-Oxyl

PURPOSE: Misdiagnosed breast cancer on screening mammography was retrospectively reviewed in an attempt to analyze the cause for the undiscovery and to determine findings that might have been suggested on the mammographic examination. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of the 173 breast cancers that were pathologically proven, 17 breast cancers misdiagnosed on mammogram was retrospectively analyzed for the causes of the misinterpretation and predominant secondary findings. RESULTS: Three of the 17 were negative on mammography except for dense breast. Two patients had localized asymmetricity without visible mass. Ten patients had benign-looking mass which was well-defined (n=5), partially defined(n=2), multiple (n=l), or included benign-looking calcifications(n=2). Remaining two cases were retrospectively diagnosed as misinterpreted breast cancers. Various secondary findings such as were useful in the diagnosis of breast cancer. CONCLUSION: Meticulous observation could improve the diagnostic yield of breast cancer in mammography.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Mammography* ; Mass Screening ; Retrospective Studies*

No Abstract Available.
Animals ; Armoracia* ; Cats* ; Horseradish Peroxidase* ; Muscles*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Drug Therapy* ; Graves Disease* ; Humans ; Receptors, Thyrotropin* ; Thyroid Function Tests* ; Thyroid Gland*

Tinea pedis is frequently found in people with poor personal hygiene and in hot, humid environments. The authors investigated the clinical, epidemiological, and mycological characteristics of tinea pedis in 170 garbage workers(166 males and 4 females) employed in a garbage plant in Seoul, Korea. 40 were clerical workers and 130 were field workers. Tinea pedis was found in 134 with a prevalence rate of 78.8%. Of those 134, 61(45.5%) also had onychomycosis. The prevalence of tinea pedis increased with age and the period working in garbage plant. However, there was no difference in the prevalence of tinea pedis between clerical workers and field workers, mitigating against the conclusion that their tinea pedis may be of occupational origin. Clinically tinea pedis was classified into 4 types ; interdigital (41.8%), vesicular(23.1%), dry squamous(22.4%), and mixed(12.7%). KOH smear positivity and culture positivity was related to clinical types of the lesion the lowest in the interdigital type. In the interdigital type, the etiology of nonmycotic lesions could not be identified. Negative fungal cultures could have been due to secondary bacterial infections. 63 strains of dermatophytes were isolated; 54 strains of Trichophyton rubrem(85.7%), 8 strains of Trichophyton mentagrophytes(12.7%) and 1 mixed infection of T. rubrum and T. mentagrophytes. T. mentagrophytes was isolated only from the vesicular lesions. 8 strains of yeast forms, positive in KOH smears and yielding pure colonies, were also isolated, and repeated mycologic examination yielded the same results. Among them, at least 4 cases of Trichosporon beigelii, and 1 case of Candida parapsilosis were considered to be of pathogenic significance.
Arthrodermataceae ; Bacterial Infections ; Candida ; Coinfection ; Garbage* ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Korea ; Male ; Onychomycosis ; Plants ; Prevalence ; Seoul ; Tinea Pedis* ; Tinea* ; Trichophyton ; Trichosporon ; Yeasts