No abstract available.
Antibodies, Monoclonal* ; Mycobacterium bovis*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Macrophages, Peritoneal* ; Mice* ; Mycobacterium bovis*

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is an oxidative stress to which cells respond by activating various defense mechanisms or cell death. Autophagy associated with oxidative stress response is a process to degrade and recycle macro-molecule as well as organelles in eukaryotic cells. HMGB1, a ubiquitous nuclear protein, is actively released in eukaryotic cells under oxidative stress. HMGB1 plays an important role as regulator of autophagy in nuclear, cytosolic and extracellular level. Nuclear HMGB1 regulates the expression of heat shock protein beta-1 (HSPB1), which is critical for dynamic intracellular trafficking during autophagy and mitophagy. Cytoplasmic HMGB1 can bind to a beclin 1 by the intramolecular disulfide bridge using cysteine 23 and 45, which dissociates its inhibitory partner Bcl-2 and induces autophagy. Extracellular HMGB1 binds to receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) which inhibits mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and then promotes the formation of the belin1-Ptdlns3KC3 complex. Furthermore, endogenous HMGB1 is an intrinsic regulator of autophagy, and it enhances chemoresistance in diverse cancer cells. Here, we review recent reports suggesting a novel mechanism of diverse cancer cell resistance to therapy facilitated by HMGB1-mediated autophagy.
Advanced Glycosylation End Product-Specific Receptor ; Autophagy ; Cell Death ; Cysteine ; Cytoplasm ; Cytosol ; Defense Mechanisms ; Drug Resistance ; Eukaryotic Cells ; HMGB1 Protein ; HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins ; Mitochondrial Degradation ; Nuclear Proteins ; Organelles ; Oxidative Stress ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Receptors, Immunologic ; Sirolimus

No abstract available.
Animals ; Antibody Formation* ; Immunoglobulin E* ; Mice* ; Poly I-C*

It is well known that the development and progression of prostate cancer are androgen dependent and the action of androgen in prostate is mediated by androgen receptor. But the role of androgen receptor in the development and progression of prostate cancer have been not defined. Recently, the development of mmunohistochemical assay has provided new opportunities for study of androgen receptor. Immunohistochemical stainings were performed for 3 cases of normal prostate, 17 of BPH and 17 of prostate cancer. Specimens were obtained from cystoprostatectomy of bladder cancer patients(normal prostate), suprapubic prostatectomy and transurethral resection of prostate(BPH) and radical prostatectomy and prostate biopsies(prostate cancer). Androgen receptors were stained predominantly in nucleus of glandular cell. Normal prostates were stained homogeneously and heterogeneous staining of androgen receptor was more in pro- state cancer than BPH and in high grade(Gleason`s score 5-10) than low grade (Gleason`s score 2-4). Total intensity score of normal prostate, BPH and prostate cancer were 196.6+/-20.8, 202. 4+/-54.3 and 180.6+/-47.0 respectively and cancer tissues were stained the least intensely, but statistically not significant(P > 0.05). Staining of prostate cancer revealed less intensity in high grade(161.8+/-36.8, P < 0.05) than low grade(215.0+/-46.8). It is postulated that the distribution of androgen receptor in the prostate cancer was correlated with cellular differentiation and also it is suggesting that androgen receptor is closely related with development of androgen independent cancer.
Prostate* ; Prostatectomy ; Prostatic Neoplasms* ; Receptors, Androgen* ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

We experienced a case of primary hepatic actinomycosis which was initially diagnosed by means of fine needle aspiration. The patient was a 31-year-old emaciated man with a 2-month history of 10 kg weight loss, right upper quadrant pain and flank pain. The liver was palpable and tender on physical examination. Computerized tomography scan of the liver showed two ill-defined hypodense masses in gallbladder fossa and inferior pole of right lobe. Hepatocellular carcinoma was clinically suspected. A CT-guided fine needle aspiration was performed. Microscopically, smears showed numerous radiating clusters of filamentous bacteria with many neutrophils and monocytes in necrotic background. The symptoms were improved by incision and drainage and massive administration of penicillin.
Actinomycosis ; Adult ; Bacteria ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Breast ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Diverticulum* ; Drainage ; Fibroadenoma ; Flank Pain ; Gallbladder ; Humans ; Infarction ; Liver ; Monocytes ; Neutrophils ; Penicillins ; Physical Examination ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux* ; Weight Loss

No abstract available.
Pancytopenia* ; Pneumonia*

No abstract available.
Antibodies* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay* ; Orientia tsutsugamushi* ; Rickettsia*

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: For a long time, many of denture base acrylic resins have been used for edentulous and partial edentulous patients because of easy manipulation and good mechanical properties, but its esthetic aspect has not been commented enough. Denture base acrylic resins also has caused esthetic problems due to discoloration or staining as in esthetic restoration. Many researches and reports have treated the problems and accomplished esthetic improvement. But these researches and reports dealt with general food colors or beverages, not with fermented foods. PURPOSE: This study is designed to assess what fermented foods, such as soy sauce, gochujang, and toenjang that many of Koreans have taken in, influence on the color and hardness variation of denture base acrylic resins. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For the procedure, twelve disks per 4 denture base acrylic resins were fabricated with a thickness of 2mm and 16mm in diameter. Each seven specimen were measured for discoloration with spectrophotometer, while the others, five specimen, for surface hardness change with Barcol hardness tester, over time. Each 12 specimen were immersed into the 4 beakers of fermented foods(soy sauces, gochujangs, toenjangs, deionized water), and L*, a*, and b* values were measured for the color difference(_E*), on the 1st, 7th, and 28th day with spectrophotometer, with the measurement of surface hardness change. Each data observed was processed statistically. RESULTS: The findings are as follows; Discoloration 1. All of denture base resins was not influenced by the kind of fermented foods, except for QC20. 2. Soy sauce and red pepper paste caused more change for denture base resins than deionized water and soy bean paste, except for Perform. 3. Most significant change was shown in Lucitone199., whereas Perform. results in the least change for all immersed solution, with no statistical significance. Hardness change 1. Barcol hardness values in deposited specimens have been changed low degree, but with significant statistical change according to the kind of food and duration. 2. Lucitone199. has significantly lower Barcol hardness value than others do. CONCLUSION: Based on the above results, it suggests that the habitual intake of fermented foods is not helpful for the color stability of denture base acrylic resins because Soy sauce and red pepper paste mainly caused discoloration and surface hardness change. Particularly Lucitone199. shows specific discoloration and low surface hardness values. Therefore, it is recommended giving caution patients with denture of Lucitone199. especially against the habitual intake of fermented foods like soy sauce and red pepper paste.
Acrylic Resins* ; Beverages ; Capsicum ; Denture Bases* ; Dentures* ; Hardness Tests ; Hardness* ; Humans ; Soy Foods ; Soybeans ; Water

No abstract available.
Hepatitis, Chronic* ; Interferon-alpha* ; Killer Cells, Natural* ; Prednisolone*