In tiis study, an expenmental model of glaucoma filtering surgery in rabblts was used to evaluate the effect of single intraoperative application of Mitomycin Full-thickness filtering surgery, posterior lip sclerectomy, was performed after application of 0.5mg/ml Mitomycin-soaked Week-Cel(TM) sponge for 5 minutes in one eye of 15 pigmented rabbits and was irrigated copiously with balanced salt solution(BSS(TM)). The same procedure was done in the contralateral eye as a control, using BSS(TM). In Mitomycin-treated group, the filtering blebs were more prominent with sparse vascular tissues and were maintained through postoperative 8 weeks or more. Histologically, there loas was amount of inflammatory reactions in Mitomycin-treated group. The fibroblastic activity and proliferations of the collagen were also suppessed markedly in Mitomycin-treated group. These results suggest that a single intraoperative application of Mitomycin can be used adjunctively to improve the success rate of glaucoma filtering surgery.
Blister ; Collagen ; Fibroblasts ; Filtering Surgery* ; Glaucoma ; Lip ; Loa ; Mitomycin* ; Porifera ; Rabbits

Morphometric variables of the corneal endothelial cells and central corneal thickness were evaluated in 12 neovascular glaucoma eyes and 12 normal contralateral eyes. Cell area and density was 611.50 micrometer2, 2,065 cells/mm2 respectively in neovasualar glauloma eyes and 441.33 micrometer2, 2,313cells/mm2 respectively in normal contralateral eyes and there were no significant diffeernce between two groups (p>O.1). Hexagonality was 55.69% in neovascular glaucoma eyes and 62.01 % in normal contralateral eyes and the decrease in hexagonality in the former was statistically significant (P0.05). It can be concluded that neovascular glaucoma induces morphological changes of the corneal endothelial cens which might bring corneal edema.
Corneal Edema ; Endothelial Cells* ; Glaucoma, Neovascular*

Morphometric variables of the corneal endothelial cells and central corneal thickness were evaluated in 12 neovascular glaucoma eyes and 12 normal contralateral eyes. Cell area and density was 611.50 micrometer2, 2,065 cells/mm2 respectively in neovasualar glauloma eyes and 441.33 micrometer2, 2,313cells/mm2 respectively in normal contralateral eyes and there were no significant diffeernce between two groups (p>O.1). Hexagonality was 55.69% in neovascular glaucoma eyes and 62.01 % in normal contralateral eyes and the decrease in hexagonality in the former was statistically significant (P0.05). It can be concluded that neovascular glaucoma induces morphological changes of the corneal endothelial cens which might bring corneal edema.
Corneal Edema ; Endothelial Cells* ; Glaucoma, Neovascular*

Sebaceous epithelioma is a relatively rare tumor, mostly occuring in the face or scalp. The histogenesis and clinical and pathological features of sebaceous epithelioma have not been clearly defined, and a few other diagnostic terms have been used so far instead of sebaceous epithelioma. Two cases of sebacous epitheliomas were presented. No recurrence or metastasis was observed in our cases, so sebaceous epithelioma is considered to be a benign tumor. A brief review of the literature, concerned about the biological behavior, histogenesis and pathological findings of the sebaceous epithelioma, was made.
Neoplasm Metastasis

Senile entropion is caused by following pathophysiology: 1) Dehiscence or disinsertion of lower lid retractors from lower tarsus, 2) Preseptal orbicularis overriding pretarsal orbicularis, 3) Horizontal lid laxity from involutional changes of medial canthal ligament, lateral canthal ligament and tarsal plate, 4) Relative enophthalmos from absorption of orbital fat. There have been numerous procedures to correct senile entropion, but lack of adequate correction of all of the underlying anatomic defects resulted in high recurrence rate. Authors performed a combined procedure including the reinsertion of disinserted or dehisced lower lid retractor to lower tarsus, the excision of overriding preseptal orbicularis, and the correction of the lower lid laxity using lateral tarsal strip procedure all at once Among 11 cases of 10 patients, 10 cases had cosmetically and functionally good lid position during the mean follow up periods of 13.4 months. There was one case of ectropion as a complication which was corrected by further lateral tarsal strip procedure.
Absorption ; Ankle ; Collateral Ligaments ; Ectropion ; Enophthalmos ; Entropion* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Ligaments ; Orbit ; Recurrence

Intraocular metastasis of metastatic carcinoma is relatively rare, although it is the most common malignancy affecting the eye. Choroid is the most commonly involved site, whereas iris is involved very infrequently. The most common primary tumor of the intraocular metastasis is the breast cancer in total and lung cancer in men.To our knowledge, intraocular metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma has not reported in Korea. We experienced two lung cancer patients who had developed a metastaticlesion to the iris and choroid,so we report these with the review of related literatures.
Adenocarcinoma ; Breast Neoplasms ; Choroid ; Humans ; Iris ; Korea ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Neoplasm Metastasis*

Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is a common retinal vascular disorder, and it has been suggested to occur by the occlusion of the sclerotic central retinal vein by thrombo- sis in the lamina cribrosa. Various systemic and local conditions have been considered to be predisposing factors to the development of CRVO, and it has been reported that CRVO occurs more frequently in hypermetropic small eyes. We studied on several factors such as age, refractive error, axial length and the association with systemic diseases in 32 eyes of unilateral CRVO. In the CRVO group,the mean axial length of the affected eyes was 23.13 +/-0.99 mm in males and 22.64 +/-0.63 mm in females. That of the unaffected eyes was 23.36 +/-1.17 mm in males and 22.64 +/-0.53 mm in females, the differences were statistically insignificant in males and females (p=0.250,p=0.496). The mean axial length of normal comparison eyes was 23.81 +/-0.73 mm in males and 23.07 +/-0.69 mm in females. The differences between the mean axial lengths of both eyes with unilateral CRVO and that of normal comparison eyes were statistically significant in males and females (p<0.05). In conclusion,the short axial length may play as an important related factor in the development of CRVO.
Causality ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Refractive Errors ; Retinal Vein* ; Retinaldehyde

In the margial myotomy of inferior oblique muscle(IO myotomy), only the overaction of the muscle is eliminated and the normal action of the inferior oblique saved. Steroid is usually used to prevent the adhesion of the tissue after IO myotomy, subconjunctivally. The myotomy of IO was performed in 14 white rabbits which were divided into two groups, one group having local injection of triamcinolone after IO myotomy and the other not having it. At postoperative 1 month, there were edema of the muscle fibers and infiltration of the inflammatory cells. Three months postoperatively, ingrowth of fibrous tissue and atrophy of the muscle fibers were found. Those changes were less prominent in the group with triamcinolone injection. This study revealed that subconjunctival triamcinolone injection after the IO marginal myotomy produce a good effect on the prevention of postoperative adhesion in the long term.
Atrophy ; Edema ; Rabbits* ; Triamcinolone*

"It was reported that polymorphism of TNF alpha gene was present in promoter region and involves the substitution of guanine by adenosine in the uncommon (TNFA 2) allele. In this study, we investigated the significance of TNFA gene polymorphism in relation to various clinical characteristics and autoantibody profiles in SLE as well as comparing it with that of other countries, and also studied its association with peripheral TNF-a production in vitro. TNFA genotyping was performed in 126 SLE patients and 300 controls using DNA extracted from peripheral leucocytes. The biallelic polymorphism at position -308 of the TNFA promotor was determined by Ncol- RFLP. Peripheral mononuclear cell production of TNF-a was investigated by bioassay using L-929 cell cytotoxicity. The TNFA ""1 homozygote was a predominant allele (77.0%) in SLE, which was not different from the controls. TNFA ""2 homozygate was extremely rare in both patients and controls (0.8%, 1.3% respectively). The clinical manifestations between TNFA '1 and TNFA""2 did not differ. The production of autoantibodies including dsDNA, anti-La, anti-nRNP and anti-Sm was not different between two alleles, whereas anti- Ro antibody was more frequent in TNFA""1/TNFA '1 than in TNFA'1/TNFA'2 (62.1% vs 38.4%, P=0.022). The polymorphism of TNFA gene did not influence the lipopolysaccharide stimulated peripheral mononuclear cell production of TNF-a (1356+/-293 vs 1119+/-385 pg/ml; TNFA'1/TNFA'1, TNFA'1/TNFA'2 respectively). These results suggested that promoter polymorphism of TNFA was not directly involved in the susceptibility of SLE and was not responsible for differential peripheral TNF-a production, but TNFA ' may be associated with anti-Ro antibody production."
Adenosine ; Alleles ; Autoantibodies ; Biological Assay ; DNA ; Guanine ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha*

Branch retinal vein occlusion(BRVO), along with central retinal vein occlusion, is second only to diabetic retinopathy as a cause of retinal vascular disease. It has been suggested that eyes with shorter axial length have smaller lamina cribrosa and a narrower scleral canal through which the central retinal vein and artery could pass, causing physical blockage in the vein which predisposes to thrombus formation. The subsequent narrowing of the venous lumen will lead to trubulence. reduced flow, venous stasis and thrombus formation at the level of the arteriovenous crossing. This study was conducted to determine whether there was any difference between the axial lengths of eyes with BRVO and those of control eyes. The axial lengths of the eyes in the group of 37 patients with a unilateral BRVO was compared with those of eyes in the control group. The BRVO group consisted of 23 male and 14 female patients and their mean ages were 61.5+/-7.0 years(51~75years) in male and 63.7+/-7.0 years(52~76years) in female. The control group consisted of 46 male and 28 female patients and their mean ages were 62.5+/-6.5 years(50~73years) in male and 63.9+/-6.1 years(52~75years) in female. The mean axial length of eyes of the BRVO group was 23.08+/-0.57mm(21.92~24.19mm) in male and 22.71+/-0.65mm(21.08~24.00mm) in female. The mean axial length of control eyes was 23.74+/-0.73mm(22.46~25.24mm) in male and 23.18+/-0.81mm(21.62~24.76mm) in female. The difference between the mean axial length of eyes of the BRVO group and that of control eyes was statistically significant(p<0.05). In conclusion, the short axial length may play as a risk factor in the occurrence of a BRVO.
Arteries ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Retinal Vein Occlusion* ; Retinal Vein* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Risk Factors* ; Thrombosis ; Vascular Diseases ; Veins