OBJECTIVES: Some emotional components, such as self-esteem, depression and anxiety, have been reported to be associated with paranoia in non-clinical population and schizophrenia patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between self-esteem and paranoia in healthy controls, in ultra-high risk for psychosis and schizophrenia patients. METHODS: 34 subjects with recent onset schizophrenia, 36 subjects with ultra-high risk for psychosis, and 44 healthy volunteers participated in this study. A detailed assessment was made of the paranoia, self-esteem, depression, and anxiety. RESULTS: In all three groups, there were a negative correlation between paranoia and self-esteem, and positive correlations between paranoia and depression and anxiety. In healthy control, lower self-esteem showed a trend to predict higher paranoia, and in ultra-high risk for psychosis, this trend tern on statistically significant level, and in recent onset schizophrenia group, this correlation was disappeared. CONCLUSION: The individual who have lower self-esteem showed higher paranoia tendency under delusional level, but after formation of persecutory delusion, the tendency was disappeared. This result supports the hypothesis that persecutory delusions are a defense against negative affective process.
Animals ; Anxiety ; Charadriiformes ; Delusions ; Depression ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Paranoid Disorders* ; Psychotic Disorders* ; Schizophrenia*

No abstract available.
Cough* ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors related to depression of elderly patients in geriatric hospitals. METHODS: The subjects were 195 elderly patients who met the inclusion criteria of scores more than 18 on the K-MMSE score and no reported mental disease. The data were collected from February 20 to March 20, 2009. The research instruments utilized in this study were depression (GDSSF-K), activities of daily living and self esteem (RSES), social support, life satisfaction. Data were analyzed Pearson correlation and Multiple Stepwise Regression using SPSS 15.0. RESULTS: Depression score were negatively correlation with ADL, social support, life satisfaction and self-esteem. Among the factors studied related to depression, life satisfaction had highest explanatory power of 36.5% and it was followed by physical health status and activity of daily living. These explained 43.7% of the depression. CONCLUSION: The mean GDSSF-K 8.94, which indicates the higher than middle levels of depression. The findings suggest that it is important to develop educational programs to increase life satisfaction, physical health status and activity of daily living. Nursing interventions, including volunteer activities, health promotion program, and sports program could be useful in enhancing these factors.
Activities of Daily Living ; Aged ; Depression ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Patient Satisfaction ; Self Concept ; Sports

Although methotrexate(MTX) has been known to have many side effects, especially toxicity on the hemopoietic cells and the liver, it has been used as a potent anticancer drug and for the treatment of psoriasis or rheumatoid arthritis. The severity of hepatotoxicity varies from mild fatty change to chronic active hepatitis(CAH) and cirrhosis. We experienced two cases of MTXinduced CAH in patients with psoriasis, which prompted us to report in view of the absence of biopsy proven MTX hepatotoxicity in the Korean literature. Microscopically, the liver showed a distorted lobular architecture with portal fibrous expansion, piecemeal necrosis and bridging necrosis/fibrosis. The hepatic lobules revealed fatty changes of hepatocyte, focal hepatocytolysis, delicate collagen deposits along the space of Disse and the characteristically marked polyploid nuclear change of hepatocytes.
Biopsy

No abstract available.
Heel* ; Melanoma, Amelanotic* ; Ulcer*

BACKGROUND: Previous reports have suggested that alleles at the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) gene are associated with increased risk of developing coronary artery disease, including myocardial infarction and stroke through their effect on PAI-1 levels. Method: We attempted to search English literatures for all reports of possible effects of PAI-1 gene on cardiovascular disease in human published prior to November 1998. We used a Mantel-Haenszel method (fixed effect model) and random effect model, respectively, to perform a meta-analysis of 7 case-control studies that provided information related to the effects of PAI-1 gene on risk of cardiovascular disease. RESULTS: From 7 studies for diagnosed cardiovascular disease, the relative frequencies of the three genotypes among controls was (5G/5G) (homozygous normal), 24.5%; (4G/5G) (heterozygous), 48.2%, and (4G/4G) (homozygous for the mutant, 675 GGGG), 27.3%. These relative frequencies in cases were 21.7% for 5G/5G, 48.0% for 4G/5G, and 30.3% for 4G/4G. In fixed effect model, compared with those with genotype (5G/5G), the overall odds ratio (OR) for cardiovascular disease among those with (4G/5G) was 1.12 (95% CI, 0.93 to 1.34), and it was 1.20 (1.01 to 1.44) for the (4G/4G) genotype. For five studies with myocardial infarction as the outcome, the overall OR of myocardial infarction was 1.20 (0.99 to 1.47) for those with (4G/5G) and 1.24 (1.00, 1.54) for those with (4G/4G) genotypes, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our findings provide support for the weak association between PAI-1 gene and cardiovascular disease, in particular, myocardial infarction.
Alleles ; Cardiovascular Diseases* ; Case-Control Studies* ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; Odds Ratio ; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1* ; Plasminogen Activators ; Polymorphism, Genetic* ; Stroke

No abstract available.
Dermoid Cyst* ; Female ; Ovary* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Tubal*

Thiemann's disease is a form of idiopathic avascular necrosis of the immature epiphyses of the phalanges of the fingers and toes. Few cases of Thiemann's disease have been reported because the disease is rare and difficult to diagnose. To the best of our knowledge, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of Thiemann's disease have not been reported. Here, we report a case of Thiemann's disease diagnosed by typical clinical symptoms and characteristic MRI findings before radiologic bony abnormalities were apparent.
Epiphyses ; Fingers ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Necrosis ; Toes

No abstract available.
Breast Diseases* ; Breast*

To evaluate the tissue expression rate and pattenr of HBsAg and HBcAg in tumors and peritumoral livers, an immunohistochemical study was undertaken on 47 surgically resected hepatocellular carcinomas(HCCs). The results are as follows. 1. Patient's sera were positive for HBsAg in 40 cases(85.1%). In the remaining 7 cases, the tumor and peritumoral liver expressed neither HBcAg nor HbSaG, suggesting that they were caused by other etiologies than hepatitis B virus. 2. The peritumoral liver had HBsAg and HBcAg in 95.0% and 27.5% among the 40 cases, respectively. But the tumor expressed HBsAg in 50.0% and HBcAg in none. 3. The expression of HBsAg within the tumor and both HBsAg and HBcAg in the peritumoral liver tended to be more frequent in the pretreated cases before surgery. 4. Edmondson-Steiner grade IV tumors revealed a lower expression rate of HBsAg than the low grade tumors(p<0.05). Incases with cirrhosis at peritumoral tissues, HBcAg was less frequently found than in those without cirrhosis. The majority of tissue HBsAg and HBcAg was represented as groups of positive cells. These results suggest that, during the development and progression of HCCs, the HBcAg containing cells are repeatedly removed and the HBcAg negative cells are selected, because cellular expression of HBcAg is the target of host immune response.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular