The purpose of this study was to investigate the functional recovery of end-to-side neurorrhaphy in rats. There have been several studies about the results of end-to-side neurorrhaphy from a histologic or eletrophysiologic view point. However, histologic or electrophysiologic parameters may not correlate with the actual nerve function. In this study we assessed the results of end-to-side neurorrhaphy functionally using walking track analysis. Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 group, with 12 rats in each group. Group 1 was the sham-operation group. Group 2 was the peroneal nerve transection group. In group 3, the peroneal nerve was severed and end-to-end neurorrhaphy was carried out. In group 4, the peroneal nerve was severed and coapted end-to-side to the lateral face of the tibial nerve after removal of the epineurium arid perineurium. Walking track analysis was done every 2 weeks up to 16 weeks. Group 3 recovered 80.4% in peroneal function at postoperative 16 weeks, whereas group 4 recovered only 46.0%. In group 2, it was impossible to measure the peroneal function by walking track analysis because of plantar flexion contracture after 6 weeks. We concluded that the end-to-side neurorrhaphy group showed better results compared with the nerve transection group. However, the end-to-end neurorrhaphy group showed still better results in the walking track analysis of rats.
Animals ; Contracture ; Humans ; Male ; Peripheral Nerves ; Peroneal Nerve ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tibial Nerve ; Walking*

Fibrous dysplasia is a common benign disorder of bone in which normal bone marrow is replaced with fibro-osseous tissue. As PET/CT is increasingly used for the staging of different malignant disease, incidentally found fibrous dysplasia with increased FDG uptake may mimic metastasis. We report on a 46-year-old woman with fibrous dysplasia who underwent PET/CT because of suspected recurrence of breast cancer and was misdiagnosed as a bony metastasis with a focal FDG uptake on left proximal femur. This lesion was interpreted as fibrous dysplasia based on MRI in addition to the plain radiographs. We conclude that MRI in addition to radiography may help to differentiate fibrous dysplasia mimicking metastasis on PET/CT in the patients with malignancy.
Bone Marrow ; Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Female ; Femur ; Humans ; Hydrazines ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence

No abstract available.
Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung*

No abstract available.
Leiomyoma*

Among 4465 patients visited in the department of ophthalmology of the our hospital from January 1, 1975 to September 30, 1976, 146 patients (under the age of 25 ; 88 patients, over the age of 26 ; 58 patients) was statistically observed for errors of their glasses. 1) The rate of glasses over or under corrected 0.75D or more was 37%, and of this rate, 12% were over corrected. In age group, it was about twice the age of 25 than over the age of 26. 2) The rate of glasses which diopters of cylindrical lens were wrongly corrected 0.50D or more was 65% (of 156 glasses), and of this rate, 40% were glasses which astigmatism was absent but in refraction astigmatism was present more than 0.50D. In age group, it wasabout 2.5 times the rate of it in under the age of 25 than over the age of 26. The rate of glasses which axis of astigmatism was wrongly corrected 100 on more was 65% (of 52 glasses). 3) The rate of glasses which distance between optical centers was short or long more than 3mm was 53%, and of this rate, the rate of long ditstance between optical centers was 3 times than that of short distance. It was also about twice the rate of in under the age of 25 than over the age of 26. 4) The rate of glasses which corrected 1/2 delta or more was 20%, and of this rate glasses which vertical deviation was present but in examination vertical deviation was not present. 5) Among 146 patient, patients which has worn glasses not to belong to above the categories were only 15 patients and rate of it was only 10%.
Astigmatism ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Eyeglasses ; Glass ; Humans ; Ophthalmology

The symptoms and signs of acute pulmonary arteries thrombosis are nonspecific. So clinical suspicion is the most important in the diagnosis. Treatment of pulmonary thromboembolism include anticoagulant, thrombolytic agent, or surgical intervention. We experienced a case of recurrent pulmonary thromboembolism without coagulation defect and any risk factor except old age and obese. Initially we treated with heparin, but clinical symptoms were aggravated. After we changed to urokinase (total 330 million IU/2 days), the pulmonary arteries obstruction were resolved and clinical symptoms were improved without any complications. So we report this clinical experience with review of articles.
Diagnosis ; Heparin ; Pulmonary Artery ; Pulmonary Embolism* ; Risk Factors ; Thrombosis ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator*

Authors observed many cases of vertical deviation in the patients complaining of marked asthenopia. Of 1275 cases who had refraction, there were 183 cases of vertical deviation (13.54%) in our clinic, during the last 2 years from July 1, 1973 to August 31, 1975. In the series of our observation, the females were much more frequent than the males in numbers, especially after 30 years of age group. The right hyperphoria was more frequent than the left. In the most of the vertical deviation, the degrees of deviation were less than one prism diopter and associated with low grade of refractive errors (less than +/- 0.5 diopter). If the marked refractive error was corrected without correction of vertical deviation, the headache appeared to be increased in the cases of marked refractive error associated with vertical deviation. In the majority of the cases who had vertical deviation, the headache (marked asthenopia) was complained of and in the many cases of them the head was tilted slightly to one shoulder. 1) In the many cases, the headache was occipital in character. 2) The headache seemed to be marked in looking the moving picture or on walking the streets (by the looking of moving objects). 3) The headache started easily by looking out of door in the railway journey or driving. 4) The headache occured usually by the exercise or home work and increased in the afternoon while they were comfortable early in the morning.
Asthenopia ; Female ; Head ; Headache* ; Humans ; Male ; Refractive Errors* ; Shoulder ; Walking

BACKGROUND: Even though surgery and anesthesia give stress to patients, adequate anesthesia could attenuate stress reactions and minimize side effects from these reactions. Abnormal glucose homeostasis is well documented side effect during anesthesia, especially when inhalational anesthetics are used. We planned this study to investigate and compare the effects of two popular anesthetics-between propofol, intravenous anesthetics, and enflurane, inhalational agents on blood glucose level. METHODS: Adult patients free of diabetes mellitus and any other endocrine disease were randomly allocated into two groups. In both groups, anesthesia was induced with 2.5% pentothal sodium 5 mg/kg and succinylcholine 1 mg/kg. After intubation, propofol 6~10 mg/kg with 50 % N2O-O2 mixture 4 liter were used for maintenance in one group (Group P). In other group, enflurane 1.5~2% with 50% N2O-O2 mixture 4 liter were used (Group E). Hartmann's solutions were used for maintenance fluid in both groups. Blood glucose levels were measured at preintubation period, postintubation 5, 10, 15 minutes and just-preincision period. Blood glucose level at admission was regarded as control value and statistical analysis was done by Student's t-test. RESULTS: In group E, there was significant increase of the blood glucose level about 23 minutes after induction but in group P, there was no significant increase of glucose level during entire experimental time. Blood glucose levels were higher from postintubation 5 minutes to just-preincision period with statistical significance in group E than group P. CONCLUSIONS: Propofol maintained stable blood glucose level compared to enflurane during general anesthesia.
Adult ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthetics ; Anesthetics, Intravenous ; Blood Glucose* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Endocrine System Diseases ; Enflurane* ; Glucose ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Intubation ; Propofol* ; Sodium ; Succinylcholine ; Thiopental

No abstract available.
Bronchiectasis* ; Bronchography*

PURPOSE: To assess the association between decreased visual acuity (VA) and diagnosis of depressive disorder by a physician or experience of depressive mood using self-report questionnaires. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using nationally representative data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2008-2012). A total of 28,919 adults who had sociodemographic and health behavioral risk factors available were included. An association between decreased VA and depression was identified using multivariate logistic regression analysis after adjusting for possible confounders. Depression was defined as a depressive disorder with a diagnosis by a physician or depressive mood lasting more than 2 weeks using self-report questionnaires. RESULTS: The prevalence of depressive disorder and depressive mood in Koreans was 1,160 (4.0%) and 4,063 (14.1%), respectively. In univariable logistic regression, there was significant association between VA and depressive disorder or depressive mood. However, in multivariable logistic regression analysis, this study found no statistically significant association between VA status and the prevalence of depressive disorder or depressive mood in Koreans. CONCLUSIONS: No association between decreased VA and a depressive disorder/depressive mood in Korean adults after adjusting for possible confounders was found. Therefore, further longitudinal cohort studies examining the causal relationship between decreased VA and depression in Korean adults are necessary.
Adult ; Cohort Studies ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Depression ; Depressive Disorder* ; Diagnosis ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Nutrition Surveys ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Vision, Low ; Visual Acuity*