Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis(NEH) was originally described in 1982 by Harrist et al. in a patient with myelogenous leukemia receiving chemotherapy. Clinically NEH represents various cutaneous manifestations with or without tenderness and pruritus. Histologic examination demonstrates a neutrophilic infiltrate within and around the eccrine gland and degeneration of the eccrine gland structures. Although the pathogenesis and possible cause of NEH remain unknown, it is probably an unusual cutaneous reaction to chemotherapeutic agents. A few cases of infection associated eccrine hidradenitis are found in the literature. We report three cases of neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis. Two cases were associated with hematologic malignancy. The third case was associated with an infection of Vibrio vulnificus.
Drug Therapy ; Eccrine Glands ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; Hidradenitis* ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid ; Neutrophils* ; Pruritus ; Vibrio vulnificus

OBJECTIVE: Placental oxidative stress is known to be a factor that contributes to pregnancy failure. The aim of this study was to determine whether selenium could induce antioxidant gene expression and regulate invasive activity and mitochondrial activity in trophoblasts, which are a major cell type of the placenta. METHODS: To understand the effects of selenium on trophoblast cells exposed to hypoxia, the viability and invasive activity of trophoblasts were analyzed. The expression of antioxidant enzymes was assessed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. In addition, the effects of selenium treatment on mitochondrial activity were evaluated in terms of adenosine triphosphate production, mitochondrial membrane potential, and reactive oxygen species levels. RESULTS: Selenium showed positive effects on the viability and migration activity of trophoblast cells when exposed to hypoxia. Interestingly, the increased heme oxygenase 1 expression under hypoxic conditions was decreased by selenium treatment, whereas superoxide dismutase expression was increased in trophoblast cells by selenium treatment for 72 hours, regardless of hypoxia. Selenium-treated trophoblast cells showed increased mitochondrial membrane potential and decreased reactive oxygen species levels under hypoxic conditions for 72 hours. CONCLUSION: These results will be used as basic data for understanding the mechanism of how trophoblast cells respond to oxidative stress and how selenium promotes the upregulation of related genes and improves the survival rate and invasive ability of trophoblasts through regulating mitochondrial activity. These results suggest that selenium may be used in reproductive medicine for purposes including infertility treatment.
Adenosine Triphosphate ; Anoxia ; Antioxidants ; Gene Expression ; Heme Oxygenase-1 ; Infertility ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ; Mitochondria ; Oxidative Stress ; Placenta ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Pregnancy ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Reproductive Medicine ; Selenium* ; Superoxide Dismutase ; Survival Rate ; Trophoblasts* ; Up-Regulation

Purpose: This study aims to verify the preoperative factor that can affect the footprint coverage during arthroscopic rotator cuff repair in full-thickness medium-size cuff tear and the change of footprint coverage on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at postoperative 6 months. Methods: A total of 30 medium-size full-thickness rotator cuff tears were analyzed. They were classified into complete footprint coverage group (CC, n=19) and incomplete footprint coverage group (IC, n=11) by arthroscopic findings and immediate postoperative MRI findings. MRI was performed before the operation, 1 day after the operation, and 6 months after the operation. Preoperative MRI evaluated the size of the anteroposterior tear width (cm), length of retraction (cm), fatty infiltration, and muscle atrophy. Postoperatively, footprint coverage, fatty degeneration, and muscle atrophy were evaluated. We compared healing and change of fatty degeneration between two groups. Results: The healing rate was significantly increased in the CC group (complete/partial healing, 10/9) compared to the IC group (complete/partial healing, 6/5) (p＜ 0.001). Six of 11 partial coverages (54.5%) were even improved to complete coverage at postoperative 6-month follow-up. However, the difference in footprint coverage did not affect the change of fatty degeneration at postoperative 6 months. Any change of fatty degeneration (FD) and initial FD of rotator cuff tendons were not correlated with healing (p＜ 0.05). Conclusion The footprint coverage can be changed in postoperative 6 months in MRI and anteroposterior tear size, retraction, fat degeneration, and muscle atrophy do not affect footprint coverage in medium-sized full-thickness rotator cuff tears.

PURPOSE: V.A.C. is a new concept which is closed dressing with negative pressure to promote wound healing. It has been widely used as the treatment of chronic and acute wounds such as pressure sores, burns, stasis ulcers, and other complicated wounds. However It has disadvantages such as high cost and the need of specific equipment. In this article, we described new method to overcome these disadvantages. METHODS: We made newly innovated equipment with 50cc syringe and spring to create negative pressure. From May 2006 to May 2007, we applied it to two patients with chronic wound. RESULTS: The treatment period was 5 weeks for one case and 3 weeks for the other case. Both patients were healed completely without admission and wound healing was accelerated. During follow-ups, there were no complications. The mean cost for single dressing was 9,590 won. CONCLUSION: Modified portable negative therapy using newly innovated equipment could accelerate wound healing better than conventional dressing. It lowers the number of dressings, saves cost of treatment, and enables treatment as outpatient basis.
Bandages ; Burns ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy ; Outpatients ; Pressure Ulcer ; Syringes ; Varicose Ulcer ; Wound Healing

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to find additional effects of intrathecal nalbuphine 1 mg to morphine 0.1 mg for pain relief during a cesarean section. METHODS: Sixty healthy patients at full term who were scheduled for an elective cesarean delivery with spinal anesthesia were enrolled in the study. They received 0.5% bupivacaine 10 mg with either morphine 0.1 mg (group M), or nalbuphine 1 mg (group N), or morphine 0.1 mg nalbuphine 1 mg (group M + N). Analgesic effects were evaluated by a verbal rating scale on the duration of complete analgesia (time from the intrathecal injection to the first pain report), effective analgesia (time from the intrathecal injection to the first analgesic request), and cumulative doses of additional analgesics. Hemodynamic changes and adverse effects were also observed. RESULTS: The duration of complete analgesia increased significantly in group M, compared with group N and group M + N. Effective analgesia was longer in group M and group M + N, compared with group N. The incidence of pruritus was significantly lower in group N, compared with group M and M + N. The incidence of nausea and vomiting was the same among all groups. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that intrathecal addition of nalbuphine 1mg to morphine 0.1 mg during spinal anesthesia for a cesarean delivery reinforced intraoperaitive analgesia compared with intrathecal morphine 0.1 mg. However, it reduced the duration of complete analgesia and had no effect on the incidence of pruritus.
Analgesia ; Analgesics ; Anesthesia, Spinal ; Bupivacaine ; Cesarean Section* ; Female ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Incidence ; Injections, Spinal ; Morphine* ; Nalbuphine* ; Nausea ; Pregnancy ; Pruritus ; Vomiting

PURPOSE: To determine the enhancing patterns of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and the difference of enhancing patterns according to the tumor size, using spiral CT. MATERIALS & METHODS: We reviewed 213 lesions in 76patients who had been clinically or histopathologically diagnosed as HCC sufferer. The tumors were divided into three groups, according to size(&3 cm, 3-5cm and >5 cm). The enhancing patterns of tumor and capsule in the earlyand delayed phase were analysed. The enhancing patterns of the tumor were divided into five types(high, peripheralhigh, mixed, iso and low attenuation) in the early phase and four types(central high, mixed, iso, and low attenuation) in the delayed phase. The enhancing patterns of the capsule were divided into three types such asiso, low and high attenuation. RESULTS: High attenuating lesions in the early phase were as follows : below 3cm 72% ; 3-5cm., 60% ; above 5cm., 49%. Mixed attenuating lesions in the early phase were as follows : below 3cm., 1%; 3-5cm., 22% ; above 5cm., 36%. Thus, most HCCs were high attenuation type in the early phase, but as the tumorbecame larger, less high attenuation and more mixed attenuation was demonstrated(p<0.01). There was no difference of enhancing patterns according to the tumor size in peripheral high, iso and low-attenuating lesions. In the delayed phase most of the hepatomas appeared as totally hypodense lesions. For capsules, the results were as follows : below 3cm., 20% ; 3-5cm.,58% ; above 5cm., 73%. As the tumors became larger, more capsules were demonstrated(p <0.01). The capsules were visualized as iso or low attenuating rim in the early phase and high attenuating rim in the delayed phase. CONCLUSIONS: To determine the enhancing patterns of HCC using spiral CT is considered to be helpful in the diagnosis of HCC.
Capsules ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Diagnosis ; Tomography, Spiral Computed*

The appearance of a tumor in the chest wall is rare compared to that in any other part of the body. It can be classified into benign and malignant types and can be located in the rib, clavicle, sternum, cartilage and soft tissues. Tumors that are metastatic are commonly located in the lung, breast, bone and pleura. But, the soft tissue mass of anterior chest wall is rarely metastasized from a distant organ that is not confined to the thoracic cavity. This and thus has rarely been described. A 68-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a chief complaint of resting dyspnea. A huge non-tender mass of about 10*15 cm in size was visible on his left lower anterior chest wall. We pathologically confirmed that the mass was a metastatic renal cell carcinoma of clear cell type by incision biopsy. Through an incision biopsy, the mass was pathologically confirmed as a metastatic renal cell carcinoma of the clear cell type.
Aged ; Biopsy ; Breast ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Cartilage ; Clavicle ; Dyspnea ; Humans ; Lung ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Pleura ; Ribs ; Sternum ; Thoracic Cavity ; Thoracic Wall* ; Thorax*

Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) functions as a suppressor of inflammation by inhibiting the expression of many cytokine gene activated by NF-κB. The goal of this study is to investigate the mechanism by which GR repress NF-κB activation in lung epithelial cells. We used A549 and BEAS-2B lung epithelial cell lines. Using IgGκ-NF-κB luciferase reporter gene construct, we found that dexamethasone significantly suppressed TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation and the overexpression of GR showed dose-dependent reduction of TNF-α-induced NF-κB activity in both cell lines. However, DNA binding of NF-κB induced by TNF-α in electromobility shift assay was not inhibited by dexamethasone. Super shift assay with anti-p65 antibody demonstrated the existence of p65 in NF-κB complex induced by TNF-α Western blot showed that IκBα degradation induced by TNF-α was not affected by dexamethasone and IκBκ was not induced by dexamethasone, neither. To evaluate p65 specific transactivation, we adopted co-transfection study of Ga14-p65TA1 or TA2 fusion protein expression system together with 5xGa14-luciferase vector. Co-transfection of GR with Ga14-p65TA1 or TA2 repressed luciferase activity profoundly to the level of 10-20% of p65TA1- or TA2-induced transcriptional activity. And this transrepressional effect was abolished by co-transfection of CBP or SRC-1 expression vectors. These results suggest that Gr-mediated transrepression of NF-κB in lung epithelial cells is through competing for binding to limiting amount of transcriptional coactivators, CBP or SRC-1.
Blotting, Western ; Cell Line ; Dexamethasone* ; DNA ; Epithelial Cells* ; Genes, Reporter ; Inflammation ; Luciferases ; Lung ; NF-kappa B* ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid ; Transcriptional Activation*

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of a combination of ondansetron and dexamethasone with that of metoclopramide and dexamethasone for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in gynecologic patients receiving fentanyl IV-patient controlled analgesia. METHODS: One hundred patients were divided into two groups at random. In Group O, 5 mg of dexamethsone was administered after tracheal intubation, while 4 mg of ondansetron was administered at the end of surgery. In Group M, 5 mg of dexamethsone was administered after tracheal intubation and 20 mg metoclopromide was administered at the end of surgery. During the experiment, the PONV was evaluated at regular intervals. In addition, the incidence of nausea, and vomiting and the numerical rating scale (NRS) of nausea was measured (range, 0-10). RESULTS: The overall incidence of PONV in Group O was 22/50 (44%) while that in Group M was 19/50 (38%). There were no significant differences in the incidence of nausea, moderate to severe nausea (NRS of nausea, 4-10), or vomiting between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with a combination of 20 mg metoclopramide and 5 mg dexamethasone is an effective, safe, and inexpensive way to prevent PONV when compared to treatment with 4 mg ondansetron and 5 mg dexamethasone.
Analgesia ; Antiemetics ; Dexamethasone ; Fentanyl ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intubation ; Metoclopramide ; Nausea ; Ondansetron ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting ; Vomiting

STATEMENTS OF THE PROBLEM: Many denture wearers occasionally use denture adhesives to improve denture retention, stability and chewing efficiency. An ideal denture adhesive is nontoxic, non-irritating, and provides comfort to the oral mucosa. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity and adhesive properties of a selected denture adhesive. MATERIAL AND METHODS: To test cytotoxicity of the selected denture adhesive, mouse fibroblast cells were used in MTT testing. Cytotoxicity was examined according to the concentration of the denture adhesive and incubated for 1 to 4 days. To examine adhesive property, a denture base was fabricated on an edentulous dentiform. The adhesive was applied to the denture base, then tensile bond strength was measured, to evaluate the change in retention during 3 days. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: 1. 1% and 2% concentration denture adhesive cream had no cytotoxicity. 2. The tensile bond strength of the group with both denture adhesive and artificial saliva was significantly higher than that of the group with only denture adhesive (P < .05). The tensile bond strength of the group with denture adhesive was significantly higher than that of with only artificial saliva (P < .05). 3. The tensile bond strength had no significant change during 1 hour, and then gradually decreased. After 1 day, it decrease to half. Within the limitation of this study, the tested denture adhesive had no cytotoxicilty and was effective in improving denture retention. The adhesive strength began to continuously decrease after 1 hour and it decreased to half at 1 day after application.
Adhesives ; Animals ; Dental Restoration Wear ; Denture Bases ; Denture Retention ; Dentures ; Fibroblasts ; Mastication ; Mice ; Mouth Mucosa ; Retention (Psychology) ; Saliva, Artificial