No abstract available.
Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Vertebroplasty*

No abstract available.
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute* ; Sarcoma, Myeloid*

We analyzed ERCP findings of 15 patients with clonorchiasis, that were confirmed by stool examination and operation from May, 1976 to September, 1980. The results were as follows. 1) Filling defects due to adult worm of clonorchis sinensis were significant direct findings of clonorchiasis. 2) Irregular stenosis, fuzziness, raggedness, peripheral dilation and disturbance of peripheral filling of intrahepatic bile ducts were significant indirect findings of clonorchiasis. 3) ERCP was excellent method to evaluate biliary tree in patients with clonorchiasis, who showed obstructive jaundice.
Adult ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; Biliary Tract ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde* ; Clonorchiasis* ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Humans ; Jaundice, Obstructive

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical symptoms of patients with dry eyes, based on the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) and analyze the relationship between OSDI and various ocular surface parameters. Methods: This was a retrospective study that included 45 eyes of 45 dry eye patients who visited the Seoul Nune Eye Hospital from August 2017 to December 2017. The patients were assessed by non-invasive keratography for the first break-up time, lipid layer thickness (LLT), tear osmolarity, tear matrix metalloproteinase-9 immunoassay as well as with the conventional Schirmer I test and fluorescein break-up time. The patient’s symptoms were evaluated by the OSDI questionnaires and correlations were analyzed based on the parameters described above. Results: There were significant negative correlations between OSDI and non-invasive keratography for the first break-up time (p = 0.038, r = -0.330), and LLT (p = 0.005, r = -0.426). However, there were no significant correlations between OSDI and fluorescein break-up time, Schirmer I score, and tear osmolarity (p = 0.173, 0.575, and 0.844 respectively). OSDI was not significantly different between matrix metalloproteinase-9 positive and negative groups (p = 0.768). Conclusions Non-invasive examinations such as non-invasive keratograph break-up time and interferometry of LLT can be efficient tools for evaluating dry eye symptoms.

Miyoshi myopathy is a rare distal myopathy of early adult onset and autosomal recessive inheritance. Weakness usually appears between 15 and 30 years of age starting from the posterior compartment of the legs. Serum creatine kinase (CK) level is characteristically elevated to 10- to 100-fold above the normal range. Muscle biopsy shows myopathic changes without vacuoles consistent with muscular dystrophy. It has not been reported in Korea as yet, so far as we know. We report a 23-year-old female who had the typical manifestations of Miyoshi myopathy with the brief review of literatures.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Creatine Kinase ; Distal Myopathies ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Leg ; Muscular Diseases* ; Muscular Dystrophies ; Reference Values ; Vacuoles ; Wills ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: The dancing eye syndrome is a rare neurological condition of unknown etiology characterized by multidirectional chaotic eye movement(opsoclonus), myoclons and ataxia. In children, it could be a paraneoplastic syndrome in association with neuroblastoma. Long-term neurological sequelae and decreased visual acuity are major problem in these patients. This study was done retrospectively to evaluate the clinical course and neurologic sequelae of the dancing eye syndrome and we also investigated in association with neuroblastoma. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 5 childrens who were admitted to Pediatric Neurology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University for dancing eye syndrome from 1990 to 2001. RESULTS: The range of age was from 4 months to 2 years 9 months, 4 of them were female and the rest one was male. The mean follow up duration was 4 years 6 months. The associated diseases were hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy(2 cases), congenital aniridia(1 case). Neuroblastoma was identified in only 1 children, stage 2A. Four of them had recurrence of opsoclonus and visual acuity were getting worse(near blindness in 1 case). Four patients had a long-term neurological sequelae. The long-term neurological sequelae was dysarthria, learning disorder, seizure, ataxia. CONCLUSION: MIBG(Metaiodobenzylguanidine) scan and abdominal sonography are highly effective in the detection of neuroblastoma. Steroid therapy seems to be effective in opsoclonus in acute stage but did not necessarily have a good long term neurological outcome as it recurred. In conclusion, major problem in dancing eye syndrome is not opsoclonus and myoclonus in acute stage but decreased visual acuity and long-term neurological sequelae.
Ataxia ; Blindness ; Child ; Dancing* ; Dysarthria ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Learning Disorders ; Male ; Medical Records ; Myoclonus ; Neuroblastoma ; Neurology ; Ocular Motility Disorders ; Paraneoplastic Syndromes ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Seizures ; Visual Acuity

Objective: The Patient Health Questionnaire–9 (PHQ-9) and PHQ-2 have not been validated in the general Korean population. This study aimed to validate and identify the optimal cutoff scores of the PHQ-9 and PHQ-2 in screening for major depression in the general Korean population. Methods: We used data from 6,022 participants of the Korean Epidemiological Catchment Area Study for Psychiatric Disorders in 2011. Major depression was diagnosed according to the Korean Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Validity, reliability, and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were performed using the results of the PHQ-9 and Euro Quality of life-5 dimension (EQ-5d). Results: Of the 6,022 participants, 150 were diagnosed with major depression (2.5%). Both PHQ-9 and PHQ-2 demonstrated relatively high reliability and their scores were highly correlated with the “anxiety/depression” score of the EQ-5d. The optimal cutoff score of the PHQ-9 was 5, with a sensitivity of 89.9%, specificity of 84.1%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 12.6%, negative predictive value (NPV) of 99.7%, positive likelihood ratio (LR+) of 5.6, and negative likelihood ratio (LR-) of 0.12. The optimal cutoff score of the PHQ-2 was 2, with a sensitivity of 85.3%, specificity of 83.2%, PPV of 11.6%, NPV of 99.5%, LR+ of 5.1, and LR- of 0.18. Conclusion The PHQ-9 and PHQ-2 are valid tools for screening major depression in the general Korean population, with suggested cutoff values of 5 and 2 points, respectively.

PURPOSE: To report specific spectral domain OCT findings of Oguchi disease diagnosed with fundoscopic examination and electrophysiological study. CASE SUMMARY: A 14-year-old patient visited our clinic with a complaint of night blindness for ten years. Fundoscopic examination showed a golden-yellow fundus reflex. After three hours of dark adaptation, the fundus color returned to normal (Mizuo-Nakamura phenomenon). In full-field ERG, rod b-wave was not detectable. The a-wave amplitude in maximal combined response increased after three hours of dark adaptation, although the b-wave amplitude was similar to the amplitude before dark adaptation, demonstrating a negative waveform. In the spectral domain OCT images of the perifoveal area, no gap between the retinal pigment epithelium and the inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) junction was detected before prolonged dark adaptation, and a highly reflective band was shown. However, the gap appeared after three hours of dark adaptation, and two highly reflective bands were detected in the OCT images. CONCLUSIONS: The characteristic OCT finding in addition to the specific fundoscopic finding and full-field ERG results may be useful to diagnose Oguchi disease.
Adolescent ; Dark Adaptation ; Electroretinography ; Humans ; Night Blindness ; Reflex ; Retinal Pigment Epithelium ; Tomography, Optical Coherence

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Drug therapy to treat atrial fibrillation has been achieved unsatisfactory results due to the frequent failure to maintain a sinus rhythm as well as the occurrence of adverse side effects. This study investigated the efficacy of amiodarone for the treatment of tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy due to non-valvular atrial fibrillation. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We treated twenty-seven patients with tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy due to non-valvular atrial fibrillation with amiodarone in order to convert to and maintain the sinus rhythm. We followed up and compared the functional status, electrocardiography and parameters of echocardiography before and after treatment with amiodarone. RESULTS: Patients treated with amiodarone showed cardiac functional improvement based on New York Heart Association classification. Eighteen patients (66.7%) out of the total 27 converted to sinus rhythm. The pulse rate decreased from 109.0+/-34 bpm (beats per min) before the administration of amiodarone to 70.3+/-13.0 bpm after medication. The size of the left atrium decreased from 50.7+/-6.7 (mm) to 46.9+/-5.6 (mm). The ejection fraction (EF) improved from 36.2+/-14.9 (%) to 51.2+/-17.7 (%). CONCLUSION: Amiodarone is effective in the conversion to sinus rhythm as well as ventricular rate control in patients with atrial fibrillation induced cardiomyopathy. The cardiac functional status and the echocardiographic parameters of left ventricular function in patients with tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy due to atrial fibrillation improved with amiodarone therapy.
Amiodarone* ; Atrial Fibrillation* ; Cardiomyopathies* ; Classification ; Drug Therapy ; Echocardiography ; Electrocardiography ; Heart ; Heart Atria ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Tachycardia* ; Ventricular Function, Left

We investigated the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the frizzled (FZD) genes in the Wnt signal pathway and circulating osteoprotegerin (OPG), soluble receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (sRANKL) levels, bone turnover markers, and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. The SNPs in the FZD1, FZD5, FZD6, FZD7, and FZD9 genes were analyzed by direct sequencing in 371 postmenopausal Korean women. Levels of serum OPG, sRANKL, osteocalcin, C-telopeptide of type I collagen, calcium, parathyroid hormone and calcitonin, and BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck were measured. The SNPs in the FZD1, FZD5, FZD7, and FZD9 genes, and in exon 2 of the FZD6 gene were not observed. No significant differences in the adjusted BMD of lumbar spine and femoral neck and serum levels of OPG, sRANKL, and bone markers were noted among the single or haplotype genotypes of the L345M and E664A SNPs in the FZD6 gene and the distributions of these single or haplotype genotypes were not different according to the bone mass status. In conclusion, the polymorphisms of the FZD genes are not associated with BMD of the lumbar spine and femoral neck, bone turnover markers, or circulating OPG-sRANKL in Korean women.
Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/*genetics ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Infant ; Interleukin-10/blood/*genetics ; Male ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome/diagnosis/*genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Taiwan