PURPOSE: There is increasing awareness of the clinical importance of early detection and treatment of posterior cruciate ligament(PCL) injury. We evaluate the usefulness of Magnetic resonance(MR) imaging in the diagnosis of PCL injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analysed the MR images of 140 cases with clinically suspected knee injury. Arthroscopic or surgical correlation was available in 63 cases. We observed the finding and extent of PCL injury and other associated abnormalities. The frequency of anterior and posterior meniscofemoral ligament was evaluated. RESULTS: Eleven PCL injuries were observed, six midsubstance tears, two tibial attachment tears, two fernoral attachment tear, one laxity. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of MR imaging diagnosis are 100%, 98.1%, 98.4%. MR findings of PCL injury are discontinuity and focal mass formation, irregular increased signal intensity, detachment or redundancy of the ligament with avulsed bony fragment. In all cases of injured PCL, other associated abnormalities of adjacent structures were observed. Accessory anterior and posterior meniscofemoral ligaments were observed in 67.4%(87/129). CONCLUSION: MR imaging is useful in evaluation of presence or absence of PCL injury, accurate extent of PCL injury and other important associated abnormalities of adjacent structures.
Diagnosis ; Knee Injuries ; Ligaments ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament* ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Myometrial pregnancy developing in an previous cesarean section scar is the rarest of all ectopic pregnancy and provavly one of the most dangerous because of the risk of rupture and hemorrhage. For a young patient wanting to maintain her fertility, an earlier diagnosis and more conservative treatment are highly desirable. We present a case of an ectopic pregnancy embedded in the myometrium of a previous cesarean section scar in which the patient preserved her fertility through more noninvasive method, transvaginal ultrasound-guided Methotrexate injection.
Animals ; Cesarean Section* ; Cicatrix* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fertility ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Methotrexate* ; Mice ; Myometrium* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic* ; Rupture

No abstract available.
Dermatitis, Contact* ; Tigers*

Despite significant advances in obstetric and pediatric health care, Streptococcus agalactiae(Lancefield group B β-hemolytic Streptococcus, GBS) remains one 91 the most prevalent and devastating pathogens in peripartum women and their newborn infants. It may cause urinary tract infection, chorioamnionitis and endometritis, bacteremia, and cesarean wound infection in the peripartum period. It was Pasteur who first identified microbes in the blood and lorchia of septic women. After that, in 1938 the isolation of S. agalactiae from three mortally ill women was reported, thereby implicating it as another cause of puerperal sepsis. S. agalactiae is now one of the most common causes of neonatal sepsis and meningitis in the United States. However, in Korea there have been only twenty-three cases of neonatal meningitis and/or sepsis due to group B β-hemolytic streptococcus reported. Recent studies have noted other serious infections in adults, including bacteremia, pneumonia, cellulitis, osteomyelitis, meningitis, and endocarditis. In Korean adults no case of pneumonia due to S. agalactiae has been reported till now. As minimal inhibitory concentration of penicillin was reported to be higher for S. agalactiae than for S. pyogenes, minimal inhibitory concentration of penicillin for S. agalactiae should be tested. Herein we describe the course of a case of S. agalactiae pneumonia and bacteremia in a 74-year-old diabetic man, and we review the literatures.
Adult* ; Aged ; Bacteremia ; Cellulitis ; Chorioamnionitis ; Delivery of Health Care ; Endocarditis ; Endometritis ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Korea ; Meningitis ; Osteomyelitis ; Penicillins ; Peripartum Period ; Pneumonia* ; Pregnancy ; Sepsis ; Streptococcus agalactiae* ; Streptococcus* ; United States ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Wound Infection

No abstract available.
Gastroenteritis* ; Humans*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Rats* ; Seoul virus* ; Seoul*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant* ; Streptococcal Infections*

No abstract available.
Leukoencephalopathies*

A clinical observation was performed on 2,122 cases of premature infants who were admitted to Ilsin Christian during the past 5 years from Jan. 1986 to Dec. 1990. The results were as follows; 1) The incidence of prematurity was 5.7%, overall mortality rate was 15.8%, and the sex ratio of male to female was 1.5:1. 2) Concomitant maternal diseases were premature rupture of membrane 457 cases (21.5%), preeclampsia & eclampsia 424 cases (19.9%), multiple pregnancy 250 cases (11.7%) etc, in the order of frequency. 3) Prematurity was most prevalent among multipara over 3. 4) Incidence of prematurity according to maternal age was frequent in woman more than 35 years old. 5) Mortality of prematurity was higher inversely propotional to birth weight & gestational age. 6) Main causes of death were IRDS 45 cases (43%), congenital anomaly 72 cases (21.6%), sepsis 31 cases (9.3%), and unknown 84 cases (25.0%). 7) Clinical problems were hyperbilirubinemia 38.9%, hypoglycemia 28.6%, IRDS 18%, sepsis & other infections 8.1% etc, in the order of frequency. 8) Most deaths were seen within first 24hr (74.5%).
Adult ; Birth Weight ; Cause of Death ; Eclampsia ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Hyperbilirubinemia ; Hypoglycemia ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Male ; Maternal Age ; Membranes ; Mortality ; Pre-Eclampsia ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Multiple ; Rupture ; Sepsis ; Sex Ratio

Objectives: This study was aimed to assess the usefulness of the quantitative assessment of clock drawing test (CDT) combined with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) compared to that of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) or the MMSE alone for screening of dementia in Parkinson disease (PD) in patients with a low educational level. Methods: A representative sample of 91 PD patients was administered MMSE, MoCA and CDT. The discriminative validity of the MMSE, MoCA, and a MMSE+CDT combination for dementia screening was determined by estimating the sensitivity and specificity of each test and by testing integrated discrimination improvement (IDI). Results: The mean age and educational years were 69.0 (years) and 7.3 in the study population. The best screening cut-off points for the MMSE, MoCA, and MMSE+CDT were 25/26, 21/22 and 41/42. In a group of patients with educational years ≤6,
Dementia