No abstract available.
Frustration* ; MMPI*

PURPOSE: There is increasing awareness of the clinical importance of early detection and treatment of posterior cruciate ligament(PCL) injury. We evaluate the usefulness of Magnetic resonance(MR) imaging in the diagnosis of PCL injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analysed the MR images of 140 cases with clinically suspected knee injury. Arthroscopic or surgical correlation was available in 63 cases. We observed the finding and extent of PCL injury and other associated abnormalities. The frequency of anterior and posterior meniscofemoral ligament was evaluated. RESULTS: Eleven PCL injuries were observed, six midsubstance tears, two tibial attachment tears, two fernoral attachment tear, one laxity. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of MR imaging diagnosis are 100%, 98.1%, 98.4%. MR findings of PCL injury are discontinuity and focal mass formation, irregular increased signal intensity, detachment or redundancy of the ligament with avulsed bony fragment. In all cases of injured PCL, other associated abnormalities of adjacent structures were observed. Accessory anterior and posterior meniscofemoral ligaments were observed in 67.4%(87/129). CONCLUSION: MR imaging is useful in evaluation of presence or absence of PCL injury, accurate extent of PCL injury and other important associated abnormalities of adjacent structures.
Diagnosis ; Knee Injuries ; Ligaments ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament* ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Malignant acanthosis nigricans is very rare disease. The disease is related with internal malignancy, especially gastrointestinal tract malignancy. Reported occurrence rate of malignant acanthosis nigricans associated internal malignancies are 64% of stomach adenocarcinoma, 27% of other organs of abdomen (liver, gall bladder, small intestine, rectum, uterus, ovary), 9% of non-abdominal organs(breast, lung). We report a case of malignant acanthosis nigricans associated with stomach adenocarcinoma from 20-year-old female and discuss review of literature on a acanthosis nigricans briefly.
Female ; Humans ; Adenocarcinoma

No abstract available.
Granuloma* ; Leprosy, Lepromatous*

The purpose of this study was to develop and test the validity of standardized Korean nomenclature of the Home Health Care Classification(HHCC), developed by Saba at the University of Georgetown. The four phases of the study were : (1) Two professors and 15 graduate students, who were taking a nursing intervention course, translated the HHCC into Korean. (2)12 nurses with various clinical backgrounds reviewed each nomenclature taking into consideration of the definition and activities, and the Delphi method was used to determine the best appropriate nomenclature for each term; (3)20 academic and clinical experts in nursing were given a questionnaire to rate the validity of each Korean nomenclature using a 5 point Likert scale ranging from very inappropriate to very appropriate; (4) Five members of the Korean Nurses Association Research Committee reviewed the survey results and determined the most appropriate Korean nomenclature for each term of the HHCC. Most of the nomenclatures had a score of more than 4.0, but several terms had a score lower than 4.0. They are Ambulation therapy(3.1.1), Anticipatory grieving(3.11), Sexual patterns alteration(3.17), Nursing care coordination(3. 22), Physical therapist service(3.22), Regular diet(3.33), and Instrumental activities of daily living(3.44). These research results will be included in the nursing vocabulary dictionary to be published by the Korean Nurses Association.
Classification* ; Delivery of Health Care* ; Humans ; Nursing ; Nursing Care ; Physical Therapists ; Vocabulary ; Walking ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUD: Body weight is a well known factor of bone density. However, studies for correlation between body fat, lean body mass and bone density are inconsistent in premenopausal women. We reviewed the relations of body weight, body mass index (BMI) , body fat, body fat percent, fat free mass and spinal bone density. METHODS: We collected data of healthy young women of 20-39 years old who visited a health promotion center of a general hospital from March to August, 2000, and examined the correlation of body weight, BMI, body fat, body fat percent, fat free mass and spinal bone density. RESULTS: The total number of observation was 309, the average age was 34+/-4 year old, the average body weight was 55.4+/- 7.7kg, the height was 158+/-5 cm, the BMI was 22.05+/-2.80 kg/m2, the body fat percent was 25.5+/-5.3%, and the spinal bone density was 1.007+/-0.1106g/cm2,. The incidence of normal bone density, osteopenia, osteoporosis of spine was 45.5%, 54.5%, 0%,respectively,in the low body weight group,72.6%,26.8%,0.5%, respectively, in the normal weight group, and 90.9%,9.1%,0%, respectively, in the obese group. In linear regression analysis, the spinal bone density correlated with age, height,weight, BMI, body fat, and fat free mass. In stepwise multiful regression analysis, the fat free mass was a significant factor (R2 =0.065(P<0.001) ) of the spinal bone density. CONCLUSIONS: The spinal bone density was correlated with age, height, body weight, BMI, fat mass, and fat free mass. The multiple regression analysis suggested that only fat free mass was significantly correlated with spinal bone density.
Adipose Tissue ; Body Composition* ; Body Height ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Bone Density* ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic ; Female ; Health Promotion ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Incidence ; Linear Models ; Osteoporosis ; Spine

Fibrous dysplasia is a common benign disorder of bone in which normal bone marrow is replaced with fibro-osseous tissue. As PET/CT is increasingly used for the staging of different malignant disease, incidentally found fibrous dysplasia with increased FDG uptake may mimic metastasis. We report on a 46-year-old woman with fibrous dysplasia who underwent PET/CT because of suspected recurrence of breast cancer and was misdiagnosed as a bony metastasis with a focal FDG uptake on left proximal femur. This lesion was interpreted as fibrous dysplasia based on MRI in addition to the plain radiographs. We conclude that MRI in addition to radiography may help to differentiate fibrous dysplasia mimicking metastasis on PET/CT in the patients with malignancy.
Bone Marrow ; Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Female ; Femur ; Humans ; Hydrazines ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess the objective and universal attitudes toward mentally-disabled defendants. The authors examined the criminal characteristics of the mentally-disabled defendants and clarified the differences between psychiatric opinions about the criminal responsibilities of mental patients and the final judicial decisions. METHODS: The subjects consisted of 75 mentally-disabled defendants. They had been referred to Seoul Eunpung Municipal hospital during the period of Jan. 1990 to Mar. 1997. We examined them through psychiatric interview, clinical psychological tests and other tests. The data obtained were analyzed in several aspects: demographic factors, characteristics of crime, psychiatric opinions and legal opinions. RESULTS: Regarding the demographic background, most commonly met subjects were males, single, in their twenties and thirties, with educational background of about 11 years, unemployed, and living in urban districts. Approximately one third(37.5%) of all subjects were diagnosed as schizophrenia, 10.8% an mood disorder and 9.3% as personality disorder. The most frequent criminal act was assault and battery(28.0) and the mental states at the time of the criminal act could be inferred as delusion/hallucination(52.0%) and paroxysmal emotional uncontrollable state(33.3%),etc. About forty perecnt(39.4%) of victims were strangers, 25.3% were public servants 21.3% were family members. According to the psychiatric report out of 75 defenddants, defendants were classified as followes:44 defendants were evaluated to be totally free of criminal responsibility, 22 defendants to be partially responsible, and 5 defendants to be fully responsible. However, the psychiatric evaluation was found to be in contrast with the final judicial decisions by the court:16 defendants were totally free of criminal responsibility, 44 of restricted criminal responsibility and 15 fully responsible. In case of no responsibility, the agreement rate between the judge's opinions and the psychiatric ones was 36.3%, for partial responsibility it was 73.0%, and for full responsibility it was 100%. DISCUSSION: The judges do not completely agree to psychiatric opinions. Therefore, the authors suggest that more facilitated communication between psychiatrists and judges should be necessary for the benefiit of mentally-disabled defendants.
Crime ; Criminals ; Demography ; Disability Evaluation* ; Hospitals, Municipal ; Humans ; Male ; Mentally Ill Persons ; Mood Disorders ; Personality Disorders ; Psychiatry ; Psychological Tests ; Schizophrenia ; Seoul

No abstract available.
Dermatitis, Atopic* ; Food Hypersensitivity ; Milk Hypersensitivity* ; Milk*

Granulocytic sarcoma is a rare extramedullary tumor composed of immature granulocytic precursors. Usually, granulocytic sarcoma is seen in association with acute myeloid leukemia, or other myeloproliferative disorders. Rarely, it may manifest as a primary presentation before the onset of systemic disease in acute myeloid leukemia. The clinical suspicion of granulocytic sarcoma based on imaging findings is important for the management of the patient especially when systemic disease of acute myeloid leukemia is not confirmed as in our case. We report the MR findings of a granulocytic sarcoma in the left leg mimicking hemorrhagic abscess in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia. We believe that MRI can be a helpful diagnostic method of making a differential diagnosis of granulocytic sarcoma in a patient with leukemia, and this can be done by analyzing the signal intensity and the enhancement pattern.
Abscess ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Leg ; Leukemia ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; Myeloproliferative Disorders ; Sarcoma, Myeloid