Pulmonary carcinosarcoma(Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the lung) is a rare pulmonary malignancy, which is defined as having an admixtture of both carcinomatous and sarcomatous components. Pulmonary carcinosarcoma occurs most frequentlly in males between 50 and 80 years of age. It predominantly affects the upper lobe and/or the principal bronchi, and is associated with a history of smoking. Here, we report a case of pulmonary carcinosarcoma with a left lobe atelectasis due to an endobronchial mass in a 56-year-old male. After a left pneumonectomy, the pathologic stage was IIb (T3N0M0). Four months later, an abdominal mass was observed and exploratory laparotomy revealed metastases of the pulmonary carcinosarcoma to the pelvic cavity.
Bronchi ; Carcinosarcoma* ; Humans ; Laparotomy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pneumonectomy* ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Smoke ; Smoking

No abstract available.
Blood Group Incompatibility* ; Bromelains*

No abstract available.
Anemia, Megaloblastic* ; Humans ; Megaloblasts* ; Methotrexate*

No abstract available.
Citrobacter freundii* ; Citrobacter* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Meningitis*

No abstract available.
Fever* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

BACKGROUND: Smooth and rapid emergence from anesthesia without bucking, agitation or pain is ideal in terms of neck stabilization and early neurological assessment on potential complications immediately after cervical spine surgery. This study was designed to compare the severity of bucking, the level of awakening, and pain during the emergence from anesthesia with sevoflurane, remifentanil supplemented with sevoflurane or remifentanil supplemented with propofol in patients undergoing cervical spine surgery. METHODS: Sixty American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status class I to II patients undergoing cervical spine surgery were randomized into one of three groups: maintenance solely with sevoflurane (group S, n = 20); maintenance with remifentanil and supplementation with less than 1% sevoflurane (group RS, n = 20); and maintenance of anesthesia with remifentanil and propofol target controlled infusion (TCI) (group RP, n = 20). The severity of bucking, the level of awakening, and the perception of pain during the emergence phase were assessed using predetermined scoring scales by a nurse blinded to the method of anesthesia. RESULTS: The bucking, level of awakening, pain score were significantly better in both group RP and group RS than in the group S. However there was no significant difference between group RP and group RS. CONCLUSIONS: The quality of emergence from anesthesia in patients with cervical spine surgery could be improved with remifentanil-based anesthesia, but no significant differences were found between the propofol TCI and less than 1% sevoflurane as a concomitant hypnotic adjunct.
Anesthesia ; Dihydroergotamine ; Humans ; Methyl Ethers ; Neck ; Piperidines ; Propofol ; Spine ; Weights and Measures

No abstract available.
Breast Diseases* ; Breast*

Bethanechol, a cholinergic agonist, has been recommended for the management of peripheral anticholinergic side effects during the treatment of antipsychotic medications. But there have been few studies which have evaluated the drug interactions of antipsychotics and bethanechol, even the treatment effects of bethanechol on anticholinergic side effects. So the authors have evaluated whether psychopathology and plasma haloperidol and reduced haloperidol concentrations are significantly changed or not when bethanechol was administrated with maintained doses of haloperidol and other coadministrated drugs(such a benztropine). Also we have evaluated the abating effects of bethanechol on anticholinergic side effects during the treatment with haloperidol. Fifteen schizophrenics with higher than 5 of total score of anticholinergic side effects of 'Rating scale for side effect' were assigned to two groups, and bethanechol 30mg/day and 60mg/day were applied on each group for 4 weeks. The daily haloperidol dosages were fixed before 2 weeks of study. We assessed anticholinergic side effects by 'Rating scale for side effect' and psychopathology by BPRS, and plasma haloperidol and reduced haloperidol concentrations by HPLC at baseline, 2nd week and 4th week. The results were as followed. 1) There was no significant change of plasma haloperidol and reduced haloperidol concentration. 2) At baseline, the dosage of haloperidol showed significant correlation with the total score of anticholinergic side effect, but not at 2nd week and 4th week. 3) In 60mg/day group, dry mouth and the total score of anticholinergic side effects were significantly improved, but not in 30mg/day group. 4) There was no significant change of BPRS except withdrawal at 2nd week. These results suggest that coadministration of bethanechol influenced neither on psychopathology nor on plasma haloperidol and reduced haloperidol concentrations and that improved dry mouth and total score of anticholinergic side effects at 60mg/day.
Antipsychotic Agents ; Bethanechol* ; Cholinergic Agonists ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drug Interactions ; Haloperidol* ; Mouth ; Plasma* ; Psychopathology ; Schizophrenia

The expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms in the ovaries of pigs was examined to study the involvement of nitric oxide, a product of NOS activity, in the function of the ovary. Western blot analysis detected three types of NOS in the ovary, including constitutive neuronal NOS (nNOS), endothelial NOS (eNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS); eNOS immunoreactivity was more intense compared with that of iNOS or nNOS. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated the presence of nNOS and eNOS in the surface epithelium, stroma, oocytes, thecal cells, and endothelial cells of blood vessels. Positive immunoreactions for nNOS and iNOS were detected in the granulosa cells from multilaminar and antral follicles, but not in those of unilaminar follicles. iNOS was detected in the surface epithelium, oocytes, and theca of multilaminar and antral follicles. Taking all of the findings into consideration, the observed differential expression of the three NOS isoforms in the ovary suggests a role for nitric oxide in modulating reproduction in pigs.
Animals ; Blotting, Western/veterinary ; Female ; Immunohistochemistry/veterinary ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*biosynthesis ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase/*biosynthesis ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; Ovarian Follicle/*enzymology/growth&development ; Swine/*physiology

The onset of pregnancy may predispose women to a variety of neurological diseases due to changes in their hemodynamics, hormonal effects, and complications associated with childbirth. The spectrum of neurological disorders associated with pregnancy and childbirth include hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhaging, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) (secondary to eclampsia), Wernicke encephalopathy, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, Sheehan's syndrome, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (secondary to pulmonary amniotic fluid embolism), multifocal infarctions, and extra-potine myelinolysis. The recognition of the various imaging findings of these diseases, along with the clinical presentations, should aid in their early diagnosis and prompt treatment. The purpose of this pictorial assay is to describe the characteristic CT and MR findings of these diseases with a literature review to explain the mechanisms and clinical symptoms.
Amniotic Fluid ; Brain ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Hypopituitarism ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; Infarction ; Nervous System Diseases ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications ; Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Wernicke Encephalopathy