No abstract available.
Humans ; Spinal Cord*

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the correlation of HPV infection and E6 oncoprotein expression with carcinogenesis and prognostic role of cervical carcinoma METHODS: Paraffin embedded tissues were obtained from 35 invasive cervical carcinoma, 15 carcinoma in situ, 12 dysplasia of cervix and 20 patients with benign uterine disease as control. HPV type was determined by polymerase chain reaction using type specific primers. E6 oncoprotein expression was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining using C1P5 mouse monoclonal antibody. RESULTS: 1. The positivity of HPV type 16 PCR in invasive cervical carcinoma was 77.1% and it was significantly higher than carcinoma in situ(53.3%), cervical dysplasia(25%), and control (10%). But the positivity of HPV type 18 was not correlated between above groups. 2. The positivity of HPV type 16/18 in cervical carcinoma was not correlated to patient's age. 3. The positivity of HPV in cervical carcinoma was correlated to clinical stage of cervical carcinoma but the positivity of HPV in cervical dysplasia was not correlated to the degree of dysplasia. 4. The positivity of E6 oncoprotein expression was 77.1% in invasive cervical carcinoma, 66.7% in carcinoma in situ and 20% in control group. E6 oncoprotein was not decteted among the cases which negative was for HPV 16/18. The E6 oncoprotein expression in 35 cases of invasive cervical carcinoma was negative in 8, weakly positive in 7, positive in 12, and strong positive in 8 ases. But in 20 cases of normal control group, there was no case of strong positive or posirive E6 oncoprotein expression. 5. The E6 oncoprotein expression was significantly correlated to the clinical stage and lymph node metastasis. The incidence of lymph node metastasis increased and the stage became higher as the E6 oncoprotein expression increased. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that HPV is one of the most important factors in the carcinogenesis of cervical carcinoma and the E6 oncoprotein expression may be associated with biological aggressiveness of cervical carcinoma.
Animals ; Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma in Situ ; Cervix Uteri ; Female ; Humans* ; Incidence ; Lymph Nodes ; Mice ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Paraffin ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms* ; Uterine Diseases

Malignant myoepithelioma (myoepithelial carcinoma), is a very rare malignant epithelial neoplasm accounting for less than 1% of all salivary gland tumors and has an intermediate malignant potential. We report a case of malignant myoepithelioma arising in the left parotid gland in a 54-year-old man, which was difficult to differentiate from pleomorphic adenoma and other malignant salivary gland neoplasms. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the parotid gland showed cellular smear, composed of overlapped sheets and clusters or individually scattered tumor cells without any acinic or ductal structures. The tumor cells were rather uniform, with distinct cell borders and moderate amount of cytoplasm. The eccentrically located nuclei were oval to round and pleomorphic and showed prominent nucleoli. A few clear cells were noted in the cellular aggregates. Metachromatic matrix was seen between individual tumor cells in a lacelike fashion, resembling pleomorphic adenoma. According to the immunohistochemical staining, we recognized that the component cells are myoepithelial in nature, showing reactivity for the S-100 protein, vimentin, and actin.
Actins ; Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle* ; Carcinoma ; Cytoplasm ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Myoepithelioma* ; Parotid Gland ; S100 Proteins ; Salivary Gland Neoplasms ; Salivary Glands* ; Vimentin

The impaired insulin secretion and increased insulin resistance (or decreased insulin sensitivity) play a major role in the pathogenesis of all types of diabetes mellitus (DM). It is very important to assess the pancreatic β-cell function and insulin resistance/ sensitivity to determine the type of DM and to plan an optimal management and prevention strategy for DM. So far, various methods and indices have been developed to assess the β-cell function and insulin resistance/sensitivity based on static, dynamic test and calculation of their results. In fact, since the metabolism of glucose and insulin is made through a complex process related with various stimuli in several tissues, it is difficult to fully reflect the real physiology. In order to solve the theoretical and practical difficulties, research on new index is still in progress. Also, it is important to select the appropriate method and index for the purpose of use and clinical situation. This review summarized a variety of traditional methods and indices to evaluate pancreatic β-cell function and insulin resistance/sensitivity and introduced novel indices.

The impaired insulin secretion and increased insulin resistance (or decreased insulin sensitivity) play a major role in the pathogenesis of all types of diabetes mellitus (DM). It is very important to assess the pancreatic β-cell function and insulin resistance/ sensitivity to determine the type of DM and to plan an optimal management and prevention strategy for DM. So far, various methods and indices have been developed to assess the β-cell function and insulin resistance/sensitivity based on static, dynamic test and calculation of their results. In fact, since the metabolism of glucose and insulin is made through a complex process related with various stimuli in several tissues, it is difficult to fully reflect the real physiology. In order to solve the theoretical and practical difficulties, research on new index is still in progress. Also, it is important to select the appropriate method and index for the purpose of use and clinical situation. This review summarized a variety of traditional methods and indices to evaluate pancreatic β-cell function and insulin resistance/sensitivity and introduced novel indices.

OBJECTIVE: The extracellular matrix (ECM) and cell adhesion molecules play crucial roles in angiogenesis, apoptosis, thrombosis, and inflammation, and also contribute to the pathogenesis of stroke. Integrin, alpha 6 (ITGA6) is a member of ECM adhesion receptors. We investigated whether two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs11895564, Ala380Thr; rs2293649, Asp694Asp) of ITGA6 were associated with the development and clinical phenotypes of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and ischemic stroke (IS). METHODS: We enrolled 199 stroke (78 ICH and 121 IS) and 291 control subjects. Stroke patients were divided into subgroups according to the scores of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Survey (NIHSS, <6 and > or =6) and Modified Barthel Index (MBI, <60 and > or =60). SNPStats, SNPAnalyzer, and Helixtree programs were used to calculate odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals, and p values. Multiple logistic regression models were used to analyze genetic data. RESULTS: A missense SNP rs11895564 was associated with the development of ICH (p=0.026 in codominant2, p=0.013 in recessive, p=0.02 in log-additive models; p=0.041 in allele distributions). The A allele frequency of rs11895564 was higher in the ICH group (13.5%) than in the control group (8.1%). In the clinical phenotypes, rs11895564 and rs2293649 showed significant associations in the MBI scores of IS (p=0.014 in codominant1 model; p=0.02 in allele distributions) and NIHSS scores of ICH (p=0.017 in codominant2, p=0.035 in recessive, p=0.035 in log-additive models), respectively. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that ITGA6 may be associated with the development and clinical phenotypes of stroke in Korean population.
Alleles ; Apoptosis ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Extracellular Matrix ; Gene Frequency ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Logistic Models ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Odds Ratio ; Phenotype ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Stroke ; Thrombosis

Coarctation and occlusion of the aorta is a rare condition that typically presents with hypertension or cardiac failure. However, neuropathy or myelopathy may be the presenting features of the condition when an intraspinal subarachnoid hemorrhage has compressed the spinal cord causing ischemia. We report two cases of middle-aged males who developed acute non-traumatic paraplegia. Undiagnosed congenital abnormalities, such as aortic coarctation and occlusion, should be considered for patients presenting with nontraumatic paraplegia in the absence of other identifiable causes. Our cases suggest that spinal cord ischemia resulting from acute spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage and can cause paraplegia, and that clinicians must carefully examine patients presenting with nontraumatic paraplegia because misdiagnosis can delay initiation of the appropriate treatment.
Aorta ; Aortic Coarctation* ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Diagnostic Errors ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Ischemia ; Male ; Paraplegia* ; Spinal Cord ; Spinal Cord Diseases ; Spinal Cord Ischemia ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the regenerated bone histollogically using titanium reinforced ePTFE(TR-ePTFE) membrane and to investigate cell occlusiveness, wound stabilization and tissue integration of TR-ePTFE membrane. Adult male rabbits (mean BW 2kg) and TR9W (W.L.Gore&Associate.INC,USA) were used in this study. Intramarrow penetration defects were surgically created with round carbide bur(HP long #6) on calvaria of rabbits. TR-ePTFE membrane was applied to defect. Then guided bone regeneration was carried out using TRePTFE membrane and resorbable suture. At 2,4,8,12 weeks after the surgery, animals were sacrificed. Nondecalcified specimens were processed for histologic analysis. The result and conclusion of this study were as follows: 1. TR-ePTFE membrane had good ability of biocompatibility and cell occlusiveness. 2. space making for guided bone regenerayion was good at TR-ePTFE membrane. 3. Tissue integration was not good at TR-ePTFE membrane. So, wound stabilization was not good. 4. At 8 weeks, 12 weeks after GBR procedure, bone formation was seen. From the above results, TR -ePTFE membrane fixed tightiy on alveolar bone might be recommended for the early bone formation.
Adult ; Animals ; Bone Regeneration ; Humans ; Male ; Membranes* ; Osteogenesis ; Rabbits ; Skull ; Sutures ; Titanium* ; Wounds and Injuries

Intrathoracic meningoceles are relatively rare entities found in patients with neurofibromatosis type I (NF1). Given that both the BRCA1 and NF-1 genes are located on the same long arm of chromosome 17, one would expect concurrence of neurofibromatosis and breast cancer. However, incidence of such co-disorders is very rare in the literature. Here, the authors report a case of a 50-year-old female patient with NF-1 and concurrent cancer of the left breast, who had a huge bilobulated intrathoracic meningocele with thoracic dystrophic scoliosis, treated surgically via a posterior-only approach for the meningocele and spinal deformity in the same setting.
Arm ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Meningocele* ; Middle Aged ; Neurofibromatoses* ; Neurofibromatosis 1* ; Scoliosis

PURPOSE: Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) recipients are vulnerable to invasive infection by Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (Sp). This study was performed to evaluate immune responses after Hib and Sp vaccination in Korean pediatric HCT recipients. METHODS: Patients were prospectively enrolled at Samsung Medical Center during 2009-2011. ELISA tests to detect anti-PRP IgG antibody and antibodies to Sp serotypes 4, 6B, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F, and 23F were performed at the Center for Vaccine Evaluation and Study, Ewha Medical Research Institute. RESULTS: Ten patients (two allogeneic, eight autologous recipients) with median age 5.4 years (range 2.7-12.2 years) were enrolled. Before Hib vaccination, 60% of patients' anti-PRP IgG titers were below 0.15 microg/mL. After vaccination, 100% of patients' anti-PRP IgG titers increased above 0.15 microg/mL (cut-off value for detection) and 1.0 microg/mL (cut-off value for seroprotection). For pneumococcus, in 2-5 year-old patients, pre-vaccination geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) of IgG for six serotypes (4, 6B, 9V, 14, 18C, and 23F) were below 0.35 microg/mL and at 5 months post-vaccination GMCs of IgG for all seven serotypes increased to above 0.35 microg/mL. In patients older than 5 years, pre-vaccination GMCs of IgG for four serotypes (4, 9V, 14, and 23F) were below 0.35 microg/mL and at 3 months post-vaccination GMCs of IgG for all seven serotypes increased to above 0.35 microg/mL. CONCLUSION: Most HCT recipients had low or no protective antibodies to Hib and Sp before vaccination, but showed good immune responses to protective levels after vaccination.
Academies and Institutes ; Antibodies ; Antibody Formation* ; Cell Transplantation* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Haemophilus influenzae type b* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Prospective Studies ; Streptococcus pneumoniae* ; Transplants* ; Vaccination*