Purpose: Dislocation is the second most common cause of failure, after implant loosening, in revisional THA (Total hip arthroplasty), and its evaluation and treatment still remain controversial issue. This study was undertaken to evaluate the risk factors after THA using the posterolateral approach and posterior soft tissue repair. Materials and Methods: Between January 1998 and May 2003, 211 consecutive primary total hip replacement arthroplasties using the posterolateral approach and posterior soft tissue repair were performed by the same surgeon. To compare the dislocation groups (6 cases) with the non-dislocation groups (205 cases), we randomized 120 of the non-dislocation cases. The risk factors for hip dislocation were categorized into patient factors and surgical factors. Patient factors included gender, age, preoperative diagnosis, underlying systemic disease, and alcoholic history. Surgical factors included position of the component (acetabular version and inclination, femoral anteversion), leg length discrepancy, and sum of anteversions of the cup and stem. Their parameters were measured on postoperative radiographs. Statistics were performed with Fishe`s Exact test and T test. Results: Dislocations occurred at an overall incidence rate of 2.8% (6/211cases). There were 4 (1.9%) cases of anterior dislocations and 2 (0.9%) cases of posterior dislocations. Dislocations occurred on average at postoperative day 6.1 and all dislocated hips were reduced with the closed method, except for one case that was treated surgically. There was no statistical significance in patient factors between the two groups, except for neurologic disease and alcoholic history. However, the sum of the acetabular and femoral anteversions in the anterior dislocation group was larger than that of the non-dislocation group by approximately 19 degrees. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that by using the posterior approach and repair of soft tissue, the posterior dislocation rate after total hip replacement arthroplasty can be reduced and the sum of the acetabular and femoral anteversions had more influence on dislocations after THAs than did either anteversion alone.
Acetabulum ; Alcoholics ; Arthroplasty ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* ; Diagnosis ; Dislocations ; Hip Dislocation* ; Hip* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Leg ; Risk Factors*

We evaluated the clinical effects of amlodipine in 10 patients(7 male and 3 female) with angina pectoris in terms of the effect on the anginal pain, hemodynamic changes and side effects. The results obtained were as follows; 1) The clinical improvement was obsebed in 8(80.8%) of 10 and 9(88.9%) of 9 patients at 2 and 10 weeks after oral amlodipine. 2) The systolic and diastolic blood pressure was decreased significantly(136.0+/-16.5mmHg vs 117.0+/-10.6mmHg, p<0.01 and 85.0+/-9.7mmHg vs 75.0+/-5.3mmHg, p<0.01 respectively) but the heart rate was indepentent of amlodipine administration. 3) The adverse effects of amlodipine were as headache in 3, facial flushing in 3, palpitation, dizziness, urinary difficulty in 1 respectively and one of them discontinued amlodipine due to severe palpitation and facial flushing.
Amlodipine* ; Angina Pectoris* ; Blood Pressure ; Dizziness ; Flushing ; Headache ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Male

OBJECTIVES: This study examined socioeconomic inequalities in compliance with precautions and health behavior changes during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak using a representative Korean sample. METHODS: This exploratory study utilized around 210,000 participants aged ≥25 years in the Korean Community Health Survey 2020. Socioeconomic status was measured with educational attainment and household income. Outcomes included non-compliance with 8 precaution measures and deterioration in 6 health behaviors. The relative inequality index (RII) was calculated to quantify the degree of inequality by education and income level. RII values >1.0 indicate that deprived people have a higher frequency of health problems, and RII values <1.0 conversely indicate a higher frequency of health problems in more advantaged groups. RESULTS: People with lower education or income levels tended to have higher rates of non-compliance with COVID-19 safety precautions (RII range, 1.20 to 3.05). Lower education and income levels were associated with an increased smoking amount (RII=2.10 and 1.67, respectively) and sleep duration changes (RII=1.21 and 1.36, respectively). On the contrary, higher education and income levels were associated with decreased physical activity (RII=0.59 and 0.77, respectively) and increased delivery food consumption (RII=0.27 and 0.37, respectively). However, increased alcohol drinking was associated with lower education and income levels in younger men (RII=1.73 and 1.31, respectively), but with higher levels in younger women (RII=0.73 and 0.68, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest the need to develop customized strategies, considering the characteristics of the target population, to decrease the burden and impact of the COVID-19 outbreak.

PURPOSE: To evaluate a role as over 35 years, maternal serum markers, and a false positive screen for Down syndrome were the predictor of adverse pregnancy outcome. Materials and METHODS: From Mar.1994, through Feb.1996, 5284 women were screened triple test to detect Down syndrome in the second trimester and were delivered Samsung Cheil hospital. The values of each maternal serum markers were measured with radioimmunoassay. And then, the screen positive of Down syndrome was calculated using alpha-software Version 4.0. The adverse outcome of the fetus and the mother included low birth weight(LBW) ( <2500gm), prematurity( <37 gestational weeks), placenta previa, preterm premature rupture of membranes(PPROM), pregnancy induced hypertension(PIH),abruptio placenta, and intrauterine fetal death(IUFD). The predictor markers included over 35years, elevated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), elevated human chorionic gonadotropin(hCG), lowered unconjugated estriol (uE3), and a false positive screen for Down syndrome. RESULTS: Mean age and mean gestational weeks in the study were 30+/-4.8 years and 17.1 weeks respectively. The adverse pregnancy outcomes were 357 LBW(6.8%), 253 prematurity(4.8%), 108 placenta previa(2.0%), 68 PPROM(1.3%), 66 PIH(1.3%), 24 abruptio placenta(0.5%), and 20 IUFD(0.4%). In univariate analysis, over 35 years was significantly associated with abruptio placenta, prematurity, and placenta previa, elevated MS-AFP( >2.0 MoM) associated with IUFD, LBW, PIH, prematurity, and PPROM , elevated MS-hCG (>3.0 MoM) associated with IUFD, LBW, PIH, prematurity, and placenta previa, lowered uE3 (<0.75) associated with IUFD, abruptio placenta, LBW, and prematurity.(P <0.05). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, IUFD was significantly associated with only elevated MS-AFP, LBW associated with elevated MS-AFP, elevated MS-hCG, and lowered uE3, PIH associated with only elevated MS-AFP, PPROM only elevated MS-AFP, prematurity only elevated MS-AFP, and placenta previa over 35 years, elevated MS-hCG.(P <0.05). However, abruptio placenta was not significantly associated with predictor markers.(P >0.05) CONCLUSIONS: Some predictors such as over 35 year, elevated hCG, lowered uE3, a false positive screen for Down syndrome were significantly associated with adverse pregnancy outcome. Also in multivariate analysis, we identified especially elevated AFP to be the most reliable predictor for adverse pregnancy outcome.
alpha-Fetoproteins ; Biomarkers ; Chorion ; Down Syndrome ; Estriol ; Female ; Fetus ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Mothers ; Multivariate Analysis* ; Parturition ; Placenta ; Placenta Previa ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome* ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Pregnancy* ; Radioimmunoassay ; Rupture

INTRODUCTION: This study was to assess the effectiveness of new bone formation and regeneration by using a rhBMP-2 and beta-TCP as a carrier in rabbits' mandible. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The mandibles of 36 rabbits were exposed and cortical bone was penetrated for this study. The experimental subjects were divided into 3 groups each 12 rabbits; control group, experimental group 1, and experimental group 2. Control group had the defect itself without any treatment, in the experimental group 1, beta-TCP only was grafted, and in the experimental group 2, rhBMP-2 soaked in beta-TCP was grafted. The rabbits were sacrificed after 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8weeks, and new bone formation area was examined and measured for bone quantitative and qualitative analysis with light, fluorescent and polarized microscopy. RESULTS: In the experimental group 1, new bone formation from the adjacent host bone was made by osteoconduction, and in the experimental group 2, direct new bone formation by osteoinduction of rhBMP-2 as well as new bone formation by osteoconduction of beta-TCP were observed. CONCLUSION: rhBMP-2 of experimental group 2 is very effective in the bone formation in early 2weeks and bone remodelling from 3weeks.
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ; Bone Regeneration ; Calcium Phosphates ; Light ; Mandible ; Microscopy ; Osteogenesis ; Rabbits ; Regeneration ; Transplants

PURPOSE: We estimated scattered radiation doses to the patients and medical practitioneer and revealed risk factors associated with increasing radiation doses during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy(ESWL). MATERIALS AND METHODS: At first, we measured radiation doses 2 times using thermoluminescence dosimeter to simulative patients and medical practitioneer without any shield during 10 minutes of ESWL and determined mean radiation dose/minute. From June to August 2007 at our institution, we prospectively measured radiation exposured time during respective ESWL for treatment of urinary stones. Thereafter, we calculated practical radiation doses to patients and medical practitioneer from respective mean radiation dose/minute. We also analyzed which factors were associated with increasing radiation doses. RESULTS: A total of 50 ESWL were analyzed from 38 patients. Mean radiation dose/minute to simulative patients and medical practitioneer was 16.20, 0.006mSv respectively. At 1 time ESWL, median radiation exposured time was 360 seconds(130-980), therefore, median radiation dose to patients and medical practitioneer was calculated as 97.20mSv(35.10-264.60), and 0.04mSv(0.01-0.08) respectively. Larger stone size had a correlation with increasing radiation dose and additional pain control group had higher radiation dose than otherwise. CONCLUSIONS: During ESWL, patients were relatively exposed to high radiation which were roughly corresponded to that of 3 times of computed tomography. But the radiation dose to medical practitioneer was insignificant consider international guideline. Medical practitioneer should be aware of radiation hazard and try to minimize radiation dose to the patients at the time of ESWL.
Humans ; Lithotripsy ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Shock ; Urinary Calculi

To substantiate the hypothesis that patients with antecedent angina(> or =24hr before myocardial infarcton) are more likely to have a significant residual stenosis than are those without antedecent angina, the coronary angiogram of 27 patients with successful coronary thrombolysis for acute myocardial infarction were reviewed. In comparison with the patients without antecedent angina the patient with antecedent angina had an increased mean stenosis (86.9% vs 69.3%) and had a more decreased ejection fraction(52.3% vs 65.6%). These findings suggest that angina pectoris before acute myocardial infarction would be regarded as one of high risk factors after acute myocardial infarction.
Angina Pectoris* ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Risk Factors

To investigate the significance of precordial ST-segment depression in acute inferior myocardial infarction, electrocardiographic findings in 51 consecutive patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction were analysed with clinical findings and coronary artery angiography. Thirty patients(Group A) had no or <1.0mm ST depression, and twenty one patients(Group B) had > or =1.0mm ST depression in two or more precordial(VI-6) leads were included in this study. Patients in Group B thd greater summed ST-segment elevation in leads II, III, AVF(6.3+/-6.1 vs 2.4+/-2.3mm, p<0.05), higher plasma peak CK levels(1776.8+/-1503.3 vs 5666.6+/-587.7 IU/L, p<0.05), higher plasmal peak CK-MB levels(141.2+/-1553.3 vs 34.1+/-35.7 IU/L, p<0.05), more prevalence of proximal left anterior descending coronary artery disease (46.6% vs 16.6%, p<0.05) than patients in Group A. There was no significant difference between Group A and Group B in the LV ejection fraction, delta area decreasing rate, infarction related asynergy, complications during hospitalization and cardiac events during follow up period. In conclusion, patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction who have associated with precordial ST depression had more extensive myocardial damage probably due to concomitant left anterior descending coronary artery disease.
Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Coronary Vessels ; Depression* ; Electrocardiography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Infarction ; Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction* ; Plasma ; Prevalence

To evaluate the efficacy of percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty in patients with prior surgical mitral commissurotomy, balloon valvuloplasty was performed in 9 patients with restenosis 14.1+/-9.3 years(5-30) after the operation. There were 6 women and 3 men with a mean age of 43+/-8 years. Two patients were in NYHA class II, 6 in classIII and 1 in class IV. Six were in atrial fibrillation. Percutaneous balloon mitral valvuoplasty in 9 patients resulted in increase of mitral valve area(1.03+/-0.13 to 1.81+/-0.49cm2, P<0.05) by Gorlin's formula, and decrease of mean diastoic mitral pressure gradient(13+/-5 to 6+/-2 mmHg, P<0.05), and mean left atrial pressure(17+/-7 to 10+/-4 mmHg, P<0.05). And also cardiac output increased(4.2+/-0.8 to 4.6+/-1.0L/min, P<0.05) and mean pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance decreased(25+/-6 to 19+/-5 mmHg, P<0.05, 316+/-103 to 239+/-101 dyne.s.cm(-5), P<0.05). Mitral regurgitation develop or increased in severity in 2 patients. No other complications occured. These results suggst that percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty is safe and effective procedure in selected patients with restenosis after mitral commissurotomy and can postpone reoperation in many cases.
Atrial Fibrillation ; Balloon Valvuloplasty* ; Cardiac Output ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mitral Valve ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; Pulmonary Artery ; Reoperation ; Vascular Resistance

OBJECTIVE: Results from various methodological modalities indicate laterality of brain function and information processing abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia. In neurophysiological field, there is particular interest in the P300 component of event related potentials, being recorded during discriminative information processing. A wide literatures documented reduction of P300 amplitudes in schizophrenic patients. The present study was designed to investigate the topographic pattern of amplitudes of P300 in the patients with schizophrenia. METHOD: The subjects were composed of patients (N=20) with schizophrenia by DSM-VI and normal controls (N=20). The Auditory event related potential P300 were measured by "oddball paradigm", which known as a standard method. P300 latency was determined by Global Field Power and amplitudes measured on 5 electrodes (Fz, Cz, Pz, T3, T4) were compared between controls and patients. RESULTS: There were reduction of P300 amplitudes on all 5 cortical areas in patients with schizophrenia compared with normal controls. There is no anterior to posterior effect but also left to right effect in the both groups. CONCLUSION: P300 amplitudes reduction without localization were founded in patients with schizophrenia.
Automatic Data Processing ; Brain ; Electrodes ; Event-Related Potentials, P300 ; Evoked Potentials* ; Humans ; Schizophrenia*