The fatty hamartoma of pericardium is characterized by abnormal accumulations of adipose tissue forming a recognizable mass. We reported a case that could best be put into "fatty hamartoma" group. This 66 year old male presented with atrial fibrillation came in for a anterior mediastinal mass. He received an operation for adenocarcinoma of ascending colon several months ago. The chest CT revealed an inhomogeneous mass in the right anterior mediastinal area, which was not clearly demarcated from the right cardiac border. The heart was deviated to the left side due to the mass. Surgical excision was performed under the impression of cardiac teratoma. The large mass was well encapsulated, and was bright yellow and partly pink, and measured 12x8 cm. Microscopically, the mass consisted predominantly of mature fat cells and abundant fibrous tissue with scattered nests of primitive cardiac muscle cells. Reviewing the literature we found the term "fatty hamartoma" could also refer to rhabdomyolipoma or fibrolipoma. Since it contains entrapped cardiac muscle cells, abundant fibrous tissue, multiple blood vessels and fetal fat cells, it could best the categorized into "hamartoma". The term "fatty" represents it's main component. Therefore we propose the term "fatty hamartoma" that could to be used further.
Male ; Humans ; Adenocarcinoma ; Hamartoma

Encephalocele is a relatively rare congenital anomaly which is classified into occipital, parietal, anterior syncipital and anterior basal type regarding to the protrusion site through the bony defect of the skull. Anterior basal type of encephalocele is important in view of it's pathogenesis as well as diagnostic difficulty because of invisibility on external appearance. We have experienced a case which could be best fit to anterior basal encephalocele. This type of encephalocele is extremely rare. This report deals with a case of deadborn of 34 weeks of gestation with body weight of 2400gm and head circumference of 32 cm. There was no evidence of protrusion of brain on external examination. On autopsy the normal brain structure was compressed by abnormal mass of brain with normal consistency which was found in the petrous portion of the parietal area and covered partly by the dura. In this case, there were another associated anomalies, such as atrophy of the left optic nerve, hemihypoplasia of the left mandible, patent ductus arteriosus, bilateral hydrocele, and Meckel's diverticulum.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the changes in the mental health of adolescents after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: The data for the study were obtained from the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBWS), 2020–2021. Overall, the data of 88184 students were included. The data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression analysis with complex sampling using weighted values. The odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for subjective stress perception, loneliness, pan-anxiety disorder scale, suicide-related indicators, and high-risk smartphone usage groups were used as major variables. Results: The results suggest that the mental health of adolescents deteriorated in 2021 compared to 2020. Adolescents experiencing stress (OR=1.18; 95% CI, 1.08–1.16; p<0.01) and reporting loneliness were also higher (OR=1.07; 95% CI, 1.02–1.12; p<0.01). The high-risk group for pananxiety disorders also increased more than in 2020 (OR=1.05; 95% CI, 1.00–1.11; p<0.01). It was also found that adolescents experiencing suicide accidents increased (OR=1.09; 95% CI, 1.04–1.16; p<0.01). In addition, the high-risk group for smartphone use also increased compared to 2020 (OR=1.17; 95% CI, 1.12–1.23; p<0.01). On the other hand, there was no statistically significant difference in depression, suicide plans, and suicide attempts. Conclusion This study found that the mental health problem of adolescents, which had temporarily decreased after the COVID-19 pandemic, was deteriorating again. These findings suggest that it is necessary to follow up and closely monitor the mental health problems of adolescents from the longitudinal perspective during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Cognitive deficit is frequently observed in patients with schizophrenia. It is significantly associated with functional outcome. In the past 20 years, due to significant advances on the concept of schizophrenia, cognitive deficit has been accepted as a core feature. In the DSM-5, cognitive deficit does not introduce diagnostic criteria of schizophrenia, but did one dimension of diagnosis of psychosis. Existing schizophrenia drugs are effective in treatment of positive symptoms of schizophrenia, but lack of effectiveness on improving cognitive function. Led by NIMH (National Institute of Mental Health), the MATRICS (Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia) meeting was conducted in order to achieve consensus on measuring tools and neuropharmacological targets for clinical trials for development of new drugs for improvement of cognitive function in schizophrenia. At the MATRICS consensus meeting, glutamatergic modulators and nicotinic and muscarinic agonists are expected to be promising, but should be proven by a double-blind placebo-controlled multicenter study for patients.
Cognition ; Consensus ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Muscarinic Agonists ; National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.) ; Psychotic Disorders ; Schizophrenia*

No abstract available.
Pregnancy* ; Rheology* ; Uterine Artery*

No abstract available.
Pregnancy* ; Rheology* ; Umbilical Arteries*

OBJECTIVES: With the observation of factors influencing depression, self-reported happiness, self-reported stress and suicidal attempt, this study compared and evaluated the mental health of adolescents from multicultural families and monocultural families in Korea. METHODS: This study compared the characteristics of adolescents from multicultural and monocultural families based on the analysis of data of The Tenth Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey and analyzed the factors influencing adolescent depression, self-reported happiness, self-reported stress and suicidal attempt. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the levels of depression, self-reported happiness, and self-reported stress between adolescents from multicultural and monocultural families. However, suicidal ideation and suicidal attempt were significantly higher in adolescents from multicultural families. CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference between the mental health of adolescents from multicultural and monocultural families. Because depression is the greatest factor for suicidal attempt, and violence has stronger relationship with depression of adolescents from multicultural families, further study is needed to prevent this trend.
Adolescent ; Depression ; Happiness ; Humans ; Korea* ; Mental Health* ; Risk-Taking ; Suicidal Ideation ; Suicide ; Violence

Colonic muco-submucosal elongated polyp (CMSEP), a newly categorized non-neoplastic colorectal polyp, is a pedunculated and elongated polyp composed of normal mucosal and submucosal layers without any proper muscle layer. We herein report a giant variant of CMSEP associated with intussusception in the rectosigmoid colon, with a review of the literature. A 48-year-old woman underwent a laparoscopic low anterior resection due to multiple large submucosal polypoid masses associated with intussusception. Grossly, the colonic masses were multiple pedunculated polyps with a long stalk and branches ranging in size from a few millimeters to 14.0 cm in length. Microscopically, there was no evidence of hyperplasia, atypia, or active inflammation in the mucosa. The submucosal layers were composed of edematous and fibrotic stroma with fat tissue, dilated vessels, and lymphoid follicles.
Colon* ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Inflammation ; Intussusception* ; Middle Aged ; Mucous Membrane ; Polyps*

No abstract available.
Hepacivirus ; Hepatitis C* ; Hepatitis*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: DA-9701 is a novel prokinetic agent. In the present study, we investigated the effect of DA-9701 on the motility of the gastric antrum in the normal and clonidine-induced hypomotility in an in vivo animal model. METHODS: A strain gauge force transducer was sutured on the gastric antrum to measure the contractile activity in rats. A total of 28 rats were subclassified into the 4 groups: (1) the placebo group, (2) the DA-9701 group, (3) the placebo group in the clonidine-pretreated rats, and (4) the DA-9701 group in the clonidine-pretreated rats. After the basal recording, either placebo (3% [w/v] hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose) or DA-9701 was administered. Contractile signals were measured after the administration and after a meal. In the clonidine-pretreated rats, either placebo or DA-9701 was administered. Contractile signals were measured after the administration and after a meal. RESULTS: Oral administration of DA-9701 did not significantly alter the motility index of the gastric antrum in the preprandial and postprandial periods, compared with the placebo group. The administration of clonidine decreased the motility index of the gastric antrum in the preprandial and postprandial periods, compared with the administration of placebo. This reduction of the antral motility by the administration of clonidine was not observed in the clonidine-pretreated DA-9701 group. The percentage of the motility index in the postprandial period was significantly greater in the clonidine-pretreated DA-9701 group, compared with the clonidine-pretreated placebo group. CONCLUSIONS: DA-9701 improves the hypomotility of the gastric antrum induced by clonidine, suggesting its gastroprokinetic effect in the pathologic condition.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Clonidine ; Meals ; Models, Animal ; Postprandial Period ; Pyloric Antrum* ; Rats* ; Transducers