No abstract available.
Blood Transfusion* ; Lymphocytes*

No abstract available.
Muscular Diseases*

No abstract available.
Amnion* ; Cell Line* ; Cyclooxygenase 2* ; Protein Kinases*

No abstract available.
Adolescent* ; Humans ; Liposarcoma* ; Neck*

No abstract available.
Breech Presentation* ; Female ; Fetus* ; Pregnancy

The phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors (PDE5-Is) sildenafil, vardenafil and tadalafil are widely used as first-line therapy for erectile dysfunction (ED). Since the approval of sildenafil in 1998, more than 40 million men worldwide have been successfully treated with PDE5-Is. Pharmacologically, the proven safety and high tolerance of PDE5-Is is an attractive tool to investigate further physiological functions of PDE5, for example the modulation of intracellular cyclic GMP (cGMP) pools. As cGMP is a key component of intracellular signaling this may provide novel therapeutic opportunities beyond ED even for indications in which chronic administration is necessary. The approval of sildenafil for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension in 2005 was a notable success in this area of research. A number of other potential new indications are currently in various phases of preclinical research and development. In recent years, extensive but very heterogeneous information has been published in this field. The aim of this review is to summarize existing preclinical and clinical knowledge and critically discuss the evidence to support potential future indications for PDE5 inhibitors.
Carbolines ; Cyclic GMP ; Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5 ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; Imidazoles ; Male ; Piperazines ; Purines ; Sulfones ; Triazines ; Sildenafil Citrate ; Tadalafil ; Vardenafil Dihydrochloride

No abstract available.
Wegener Granulomatosis*

No abstract available.
Optic Nerve Injuries* ; Optic Nerve*

We reviewed the records of seven patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy and intravitreal phacofragmentation for removal of posteriorly dislocated lenses from September 26, 1994. to January 12, 1995. More than half volumes of crystalline lenses were dislocated during cataract extraction in four eyes, and all three eyes of dislocated lenses with intact capsules had a history of blunt trauma. Five eyes had visual acuity of 15/20 or better at 3 months after removal of intravitreal crystalline lenses. But two eyes, undergone excessive manipulation for removing intravitreal nuclear fragments via the limbus during cataract operation, had 4/20 vision with complication of retinal or choroidal detachment. These results suggest that the overall prognosis for visual recovery after pars plana vitrectomy and phacofragmentation for removal of intravitreal crystalline lens, is quite good if there were no excessive attempts to remove intravitreal lens fragment during cataract extraction.
Capsules ; Cataract ; Cataract Extraction ; Choroid ; Humans ; Lens, Crystalline ; Prognosis ; Retinaldehyde ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy

No abstract available.
Rhinoplasty* ; Transplants*