Tarsometatarsal injury has not been paid much attention due to it is unusual frequency. But the cases of tarsometatarsal injuries are on the increase in proportion to the increasing "high energy trauma injury" resulted from the traffic and industrial accidents. The purpose of this study is both assessing the relative effects among clinical results, final radiologic findings, treatment results and symtoms. In view of the results so far achieved from 20 cases of tarsometatarsal fracture dislocation which had been treated at Sung-Ae general hospital from January 1990 to December 1993, the results were as follows: 1. Thirteen cases were treated by open reduction and 3 cases were treated by closed reduction with smooth pins but no reduction loss were experienced. 2. Traumatic arthrosis could be observed in 14 cases but there were no influences on the functional end results. 3. Anatomical results correlated with pain. 4. Anatomical or neraly anatomical reduction was considered as most important factor of prognosis.
Accidents, Occupational ; Dislocations ; Hospitals, General ; Prognosis

Optic neuritis (ON) is an acute or subacute inflammatory or demyelination process affecting the optic nerve. ON can be classified ophthalmologically as retrobulbar neuritis, papillitis, neuroretinitis. Retrobulbar neuritis, in which the optic disc appearance is normal, is the most common type of ON in adults. Multiple sclerosis is the most common cause of ON, but in many cases no apparent etiology is found. Paranasal sinusitis as a cause of ON is rare. Management of retrobulbar neuritis which is combined with paranasal sinusitis is controversial. Recently, we experienced a case of retrobulbar neuritis which was combined with paranasal sinusitis without orbital complication. It was treated by endoscopic sinus surgery and endoscopic optic nerve decompression in addition to intravenous antibiotics and corticosteroids. Visual acuity was improved nearly to a normal state after the treatment. The most possible pathophysiologic mechanism of retrobulbar neuritis may be the direct spread of infection of the sphenoid sinus to the optic nerve.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Decompression* ; Demyelinating Diseases ; Humans ; Multiple Sclerosis ; Optic Nerve* ; Optic Neuritis* ; Orbit ; Papilledema ; Retinitis ; Sinusitis* ; Sphenoid Sinus ; Visual Acuity

An 47-year-old woman presented for a microscopic vascular decompression with facial nerve palsy. Past medical history was noncontributory. There were not abnormal physical or laboratory findings. Oral tracheal intubation with an armored tube was performed without any problems. Anesthesia was maintained uneventfully in spite of a high peak inspiratory airway pressure (28 30 cmH2O). After surgery, she had symptoms of airway obstruction and the endotracheal tube was removed. The removed tube was found to have a protrusion through almost all the length of tube which reduced its internal diameter a half. Finally, in any case of "airway obstruction" in an intubated patient, we should consider mechanical problems. We should keep in mind the presence of an armored endotracheal tube cannot be regarded as a guarantee of a patent airway. We must test not only leakage of the cuff but also passage of the tube prior to usage.
Airway Obstruction ; Anesthesia ; Decompression ; Facial Nerve ; Female ; Humans ; Intubation ; Middle Aged ; Paralysis

No abstract available.
Appendicitis* ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch*

BACKGROUND: This study was planned to evaluate the influence of propranolol and esmolol on cerebral circulation and to estimate clinical implications and usefulness. METHODS: This study was designed to measure vital signs, cerebrospinal fluid pressure, cerebral perfusion pressure and blood flow velocity of common carotid artery. This was measured by Doppler Flowmeter after intravenous administration of propranolol 12.5, 25, 50 microgram/kg (P-12.5, P-25, P-50, respectively), and esmolol 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mg/kg (E-0.5, E-1.0, E-2.0 group, respectively) at 1 or 2 minute intervals for 14 minutes. RESULTS: In the propranolol group (P-12.5, P-25 and P-50), the systolic blood pressure (SBP) significantly decreased since postinjection 1 minute and this decreased pressure continued throughout the entire experiment. But in esmolol group (E-0.5, E-1.0 and E-2.0), the SBP decreased significantly and rapidly recovered within 4 minutes. Heart rate significantly decreased in the propranolol group and continued throughout the experiment, but in the esmolol group the heart rate decreased and rapidly recovered within 10 minutes. The duration of the decreased heart rate in the esmolol group was shortened by decreasing the dosage. The blood flow velocity of the common carotid artery significantly decreased at 1 to 14 minutes after the injection of propranolol, but in group E-1.0, it was significantly decreased at 1 to 2 minutes, and in group E-2.0 at 1 to 3 minutes. CONCLUSIONS: The esmolol group showed less changes of SBP, heart rate and common carotid artery flow, and shorter duration of effect than the propranolol group. Mean blood pressure, cerebrospinal fluid pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure had no significant differences between propranolol and esmolol groups.
Administration, Intravenous ; Blood Flow Velocity ; Blood Pressure ; Carotid Artery, Common* ; Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure ; Flowmeters ; Heart Rate ; Perfusion ; Propranolol* ; Rabbits* ; Vital Signs*

BACKGROUND: Low functional nephron mass and graft kidney-recipient body size mismatch can lead to poor graft function. To examine the impact of the ratios of the surrogates to recipient body surface area (BSA) and body weight on graft function within 5 years post-transplantation, we measured the graft kidney volume, using computed tomography with 3-dimensional reconstruction before transplantation, and measured the graft kidney weight during surgery in living donor kidney transplantation (LDKT). METHODS: Between February 2004 and November 2013, 142 LDKT recipients without delayed graft function, acute rejection, or infection within 5 years of transplantation were included. The graft function and its relations with graft kidney volume and its weight were analyzed. RESULTS: The graft kidney volume/recipient BSA ratio showed correlation with the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of recipients after 3 years post-transplantation. We found a difference in the graft function between recipients with a graft kidney volume/recipient BSA ratio of > or =80.4 mL/m2 and those with a ratio of <80.4 mL/m2 (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the graft kidney volume/recipient BSA ratio, the graft kidney weight/recipient body weight ratio, donor age, donor eGFR, and donor/recipient BSA ratio are independent predictors of graft function at each period of transplantation (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The graft kidney volume of living donors may predict graft function and during living donor and recipient matching, both the potential volume of the donated kidney and the body size of the recipient should be considered.
Body Size ; Body Surface Area ; Body Weight ; Delayed Graft Function ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation* ; Kidney* ; Living Donors* ; Multivariate Analysis ; Nephrons ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants*

OBJECTIVE: Survivin is an inhibitor of apoptosis protein(IAP), which inhibits apoptosis through a pathway distinct from the Bcl-2 family members. Overexpression of survivin and Bcl-2 have been commonly reported in human neoplasms. The authors investigate whether there is a synergistic effect on the anti-apoptosis rate of primary brain tumors "in situ" based on the co-expression of survivin and Bcl-2. METHODS: One hundred and two brain tumor patients who had been resected were included in this study. Survivin and Bcl-2 were detected by Western blotting analysis, while apoptosis was examined by DNA fragmentation analysis. An anti-apoptotic rate was assessed in these brain tumor samples based on the expression of survivin and Bcl-2 or co-expression of both. RESULTS: Survivin and Bcl-2 were expressed in 57(55.9%) and 53(52.0%) of 102 brain tumor samples studied respectively, and co-expressed in 31(30.4%). The percentage of astrocytic and meningeal tumors expressing survivin was significantly correlated with histological grades; however, Bcl-2 was not correlated (p=0.106). The anti-apoptotic rate in primary brain tumors with survivin, Bcl-2, and both was detected in 49(86.0%) of 57 samples, 42(79.9%) of 53 samples, and 27(87.1%) of 31 samples, respectively. Their difference in the frequency of anti-apoptosis was not significant. CONCLUSION: Survivin or Bcl-2 is involved in the anti-apoptosis. However, it suggests that co-expression of survivin and Bcl-2, together, have no synergistic effect on the anti-apoptotic properties of the primary brain tumors.
Apoptosis ; Blotting, Western ; Brain Neoplasms* ; DNA Fragmentation ; Humans ; Meningeal Neoplasms

BACKGROUND: Administering extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) to critically ill patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome has substantially increased over the last decade, however administering ECMO to patients with hematologic malignancies may carry a particularly high risk. Here, we report the clinical outcomes of patients with hematologic malignancies and severe acute respiratory failure who were treated with ECMO. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of the medical records of patients with hematologic malignancies and severe acute respiratory failure who were treated with ECMO at the medical intensive care unit of a tertiary referral hospital between March 2010 and April 2015. RESULTS: A total of 15 patients (9 men; median age 45 years) with hematologic malignancies and severe acute respiratory failure received ECMO therapy during the study period. The median values of the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, Murray Lung Injury Score, and Respiratory Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Survival Prediction Score were 29, 3.3, and -2, respectively. Seven patients received venovenous ECMO, whereas 8 patients received venoarterial ECMO. The median ECMO duration was 2 days. Successful weaning of ECMO was achieved in 3 patients. Hemorrhage complications developed in 4 patients (1 pulmonary hemorrhage, 1 intracranial hemorrhage, and 2 cases of gastrointestinal bleeding). The longest period of patient survival was 59 days after ECMO initiation. No significant differences in survival were noted between venovenous and venoarterial ECMO groups (10.0 vs. 10.5 days; p = 0.56). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with hematologic malignancies and severe acute respiratory failure demonstrate poor outcomes after ECMO treatment. Careful and appropriate selection of candidates for ECMO in these patients is necessary.
Adult* ; APACHE ; Critical Illness ; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation* ; Hematologic Neoplasms* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Lung Injury ; Male ; Medical Records ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult ; Respiratory Insufficiency* ; Retrospective Studies ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Weaning

Hepatoid carcinoma is a rare type of malignant tumor resembling hepatocellular carcinoma that arises in extrahepatic sites.(stomach, lung, ovary, pancreas, bladder and renal pelvis). Hepatoid carcinoma of the ovary is an extremely rare ovarian tumor, first described by Ishikura and Scully in 1987. Histologically it is important to differentiate this entity from other oxyphil tumors of the ovary as it requires aggressive treatment. We have experienced a case of hepatoid carcinoma of the ovary in 69-year-old postmenopausal woman, who has been treated with operation and adjuvant Taxol - cisplatin chemotherapy. We present this case with brief review of literatures.
Aged ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Cisplatin ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Lung ; Ovary* ; Paclitaxel ; Pancreas ; Urinary Bladder

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome represents a group of inherited connective tissue disorders characterized by varying degrees of joint laxity, skin fragility and hyperextensibility, and a bleeding tendency. The essential defect is a quantitative deficiency of collagen. At present, 10 clinical forms have been recognized on the basis of extent and severity of the principal features, in combination with other abnormalities and the likely mode of inheritance. Type II Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is characterized by mild skin and joint manifestations, the latter limited to hands and feet, and inherited as an autosomal dominant pattern. We experienced a case of type II Ehlers-Danlos syndrome in 9-year-old girl with easy bruisability, skin hyperelasticity, thin, atrophic and a shiny scar, the so-called cigarette-paper scar on anterior side of lower extremities, and joint hypermobility limited to hand and feet. The diagnosis was made by characteristic clinical features and skin biopsy findings. A brief review of related literature was made.
Biopsy ; Child ; Cicatrix ; Collagen ; Connective Tissue ; Diagnosis ; Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome* ; Female ; Foot ; Hand ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Joint Instability ; Joints ; Lower Extremity ; Skin ; Wills