Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial tissue(gland and stroma) outside the uterus. The incidence of scar endometriosis is quite rare, and must differentiate with cellulitis and abscess. We have experienced one case of perineal endometriosis and one case of abdominal wall endometriosis at the site of postoperative wound scar. The possible pathogenesis of endometriosis and treatment were discussed.
Abdominal Wall ; Abscess ; Cellulitis ; Cicatrix* ; Endometriosis* ; Female ; Incidence ; Uterus ; Wounds and Injuries

In recent years, digital technology has been developed in dentistry, which denture frameworks can be manufactured using DMLS (Direct Metal Laser Sintering) technique. A traditional impression method can be replaced by oral scanning and wax pattern production process can be achieved by the use of CAD/CAM techniques. The designed STL files can be sent to DMLS devices to fabricate final components of removable partial dentures (RPD). The advantages of digital dentistry are concision and precision. In this case study, a fracture of occlusal rests providing support and indirect retention was repaired by DMLS and laser welding techniques. It shows satisfactory results in adaptation accuracy and functional properties of the repaired denture.

Meckel's diverticulum is an embryologic derivative of the omphalomesenteric duct and the most commonly encountered congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract, affecting 1% to 2% of the general population. Although this prevalence is relatively low, Meckel's diverticulum is occasionally encountered as an incidental identification during abdominal exploration and can be associated with several life-threatening disease states, such as massive intestinal bleeding, intestinal obstruction, or on rare occasion, perforation. The management of a Meckel's diverticulum found incidentally on laparotomy is controversial because the rate of complications developing from the diverticulum remains uncertain. The data in this report are based on 18 cases of Meckel's diverticulum which were treated at the Department of Surgery, InJe University Sanggye Paik Hospital, during the 7 years between January 1990 and December 1996. The results are as follows: 1) The overall sex ratio of males to females was 5 : 1 and in the symptomatic group, the ratio was 6 : 1. 2) Ninety percent of the patients were under 40 years of age, and 56% were under 10. 3) The diverticula were located from 20 cm to 100 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve, and the average range was 53 cm from the ileocecal valve. Fifteen cases were located at the antimesenteric border, and 3 cases at the mesenteric border of the ileum. 4) The lengths of the diverticula ranged from 1cm to 6cm, and the diameters ranged from 0.5 cm to 4.5 cm. 5) Appendicitis and intestinal obstruction were the most frequent preoperative diagnoses in the symptomatic group. 6) The common complications were intestinal obstruction and inflammation. 7) Heterotopic tissues were found in three patients and all of them were ectopic gastric mucosa. 8) The treatment was a diverticulectomy or a segmental resection of the involved bowel. 9) Postoperative complications were found in three of the asymptomatic group: two early intestinal obstructions and one wound infection.
Appendicitis ; Choristoma ; Diagnosis ; Diverticulum ; Female ; Gastric Mucosa ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Ileocecal Valve ; Ileum ; Inflammation ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Laparotomy ; Male ; Meckel Diverticulum* ; Postoperative Complications ; Prevalence ; Sex Ratio ; Vitelline Duct ; Wound Infection

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) can be compensated through the Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance Act. We looked at the characteristics of WMSDs in worker's compensation records and the epidemiological investigation reports from the Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute (OSHRI). Based on the records of compensation, the number of cases for WMSDs decreased from 4,532 in 2003 to 1,954 in 2007. However the proportion of WMSDs among the total approved occupational diseases increased from 49.6% in 2003 to 76.5% in 2007, and the total cost of WMSDs increased from 105.3 billion won in 2004 to 163.3 billion won in 2007. The approval rate of WMSDs by the OSHRI accounted for 65.6%. Ergonomic and clinical characteristics were associated with the approval rate; however, the degenerative changes had a minimal affect. This result was in discordance between OSHRI and the Korea Workers' Compensation & Welfare Service. We presumed that there were perceptional gaps in work-relatedness interpretation that resulted from the inequality of information in ergonomic analyses. We propose to introduce ergonomic analysis to unapproved WMSDs cases and discuss those results among experts that will be helpful to form a consensus among diverse groups.
Accidents, Occupational ; Adult ; Cumulative Trauma Disorders ; Female ; Human Engineering ; Humans ; Low Back Pain ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Musculoskeletal Diseases ; *Occupational Diseases ; Republic of Korea ; Risk Factors ; *Workers' Compensation/economics/trends

OBJECTIVE: Subdural hygroma (SDG) is a complication occurring after head trauma that may occur secondary to decompressive craniectomy (DC). However, the mechanism underlying SDG formation is not fully understood. Also, the relationship between the operative technique of DC or the decompressive effect and the occurrence and pathophysiology of SDG has not been clarified. Purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors of SDG after DC in our series. METHODS: From January 2004 to December 2008, DC was performed in 85 patients who suffered from traumatic brain injury. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and radiological features. For comparative analysis, we divided the patients into 2 groups : one group with SDG after craniectomy (19 patients; 28.4% of the total sample), the other group without SDG (48 patients; 71.6%). The risk factors for developing SDG were then analyzed. RESULTS: The mean Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) scores at discharge of the groups with and without SDG were 2.8 and 3.1, respectively (p<0.0001). Analysis of radiological factors showed that a midline shift in excess of 5 mm on CT scans was present in 19 patients (100%) in the group with SDG and in 32 patients (66.7%) in the group without SDG (p<0.05). An accompanying subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) was seen in 17 patients (89.5%) in the group with SDG and in 29 patients (60.4%) in the group without SDG (p<0.05). Delayed hydrocephalus accompanied these findings in 10 patients (52.6%) in the group with SDG, versus 5 patients (10.4%) in the group without SDG (p<0.05). On CT, compression of basal cisterns was observed in 14 members (73.7%) in the group with SDG and in 18 members of the group without SDG (37.5%) (p<0.007). Furthermore, tearing of the arachnoid membrane, as observed on CT, was more common in all patients in the group with SDG (100%) than in the group without SDG (31 patients; 64.6%) (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: GOS showed statistically significant difference in the clinical risk factors for SDG between the group with SDG and the group without SDG. Analysis of radiological factors indicated that a midline shifting exceeding 5 mm, SAH, delayed hydrocephalus, compression of basal cisterns, and tearing of the arachnoid membrane were significantly more common in patients with SDG.
Arachnoid ; Brain Injuries ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Decompressive Craniectomy ; Glasgow Outcome Scale ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Membranes ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; Subdural Effusion

Transglutaminase2 (TGM2) is a multi-functional calcium dependent enzyme that affects angiogenesis, apoptosis, differentiation, attachment, and changes in the extracellular matrix. However, its function in periodontal tissue has not yet been studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of the TGM2 expression and the modulation of inflammatory mediators in inflamed periodontal ligament (PDL) cells induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Interleukin-1β and the Tumor necrosis factor-α. The expression of TGM2 was increased in the inflamed periodontal tissue and PDL cells. Over-expressed TGM2 in the PDL cells increased expression of MMP1, MMP3, IL-6, CXCL8, and PTGS2. Conversely, inhibition of TGM2 activity using LDN27219, a TGM2 inhibitor, resulted in decreased expression of MMP1, MMP3, IL-6, and CXCL8. The mRNA expression was confirmed by RT-PCR and quantified by qRT-PCR. Protein levels were also confirmed by immunofluoroscence staining. These results suggest that TGM2 plays an important role in the regulation of inflammatory mediators which exacerbate tissue damage in inflamed periodontal tissue.
Apoptosis ; Calcium ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; Cytokines ; Extracellular Matrix ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-6 ; Necrosis ; Periodontal Ligament* ; Periodontitis ; RNA, Messenger

Surgery, anticoagulation therapy, pregnancy, and hormone treatments, such as bromocriptine, are well-characterized precipitating factors for pituitary apoplexy. However, whether cytotoxic chemotherapy for systemic cancer could cause pituitary apoplexy has not been investigated. Here, we present a case of a 41-year-old woman who developed a severe headache with decreased visual acuity after intravenous cytotoxic chemotherapy to treat metastatic breast cancer. Preoperative neuroimaging revealed pituitary adenoma with necrosis. Operative findings and pathologic examination concluded extensive necrosis with a small intratumoral hemorrhage in a pre-existing pituitary adenoma. We reviewed two additional previously published cases of pituitary apoplexy after systemic chemotherapy and suggest that cytotoxic chemotherapy may induce pituitary apoplexy.
Adult ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Bromocriptine ; Drug Therapy* ; Female ; Headache ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Necrosis ; Neuroimaging ; Pituitary Apoplexy* ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; Precipitating Factors ; Pregnancy ; Visual Acuity

Anatomical changes in the facial and alveolar bones occur after multiple teeth are extracted. In the maxilla, the alveolar bone is absorbed in the direction and inclination of the root, and the remaining alveolar bone becomes shorter, reducing the diameter of the arch. In addition, as the nasolabial angle increases, the support of the lips and the aesthetics of the face are lost. This case reports a functional and aesthetically satisfactory results of full mouth rehabilitation with the implant-supported fixed prosthesis using a zirconia framework.

BACKGROUND: Early diagnosis and treatment of hypertension is imperative to prevent the complications associated with this condition. The development of accurate and convenient methods of blood pressure measurement, therefore, is indispensible. At present, the JNC V has acknowledged the use of automatic sphygmomanometer that can be used without the help of someone else. We compared automatic oscillometric sphygmomanometers manufactured by Sein Electronics, korea(SE-7000 and SE-5000) with the standard Korotkoff auscultatory mercuy sphygmomanometer meter. The correlation between these two methods were calculated to determine whether these products could actually be used in clinical practice. This study was undertaken to ensure the clinical evaluation of these two products and standardization of an antomatic sphygmomanometer in korea before it is actually used. METHODS: The study included eighty-three patients, ranging in age from 14 to 81 years, who were admitted to Hanyang University Hospital in October, 1995. The blood pressure measured by the automatic oscillometric sphygmomanometer(SE-7000) in the right arm and was compared with that measured by the standard mercury sphygmomanometer(baumanometer) in the left arm. Also the blood pressure measured by the automatic oscillometric sphygmomanometer(SE-5000) at the wrist was compared by the baumanometer in the same side arm. The correlation between these methods were determined by the paired Student`s t-test and by the simple liner regression method. RESULTS: The p value of systolic blood pressure between two methods(SE-7000 and baumanometer) in the both arms was 0.896 and correlation coefficient was 0.8286. The p value of diastolic blood pressure between this two methods was 0.352 and correleation coefficient was 0.7455. The p value of systolic blood pressure between two methods(SE-5000 and baumanomter) by the arm and the wrist was 0.00018 and correlation coefficient was 0.8588, the p value of diastolic blood pressure between this two methods was 0.000048 and correlation coefficient was 0.5944. CONCLUSION: The blood pressure measured by the SE-5000 at the wrist was statistically different from that measured with the baumanometer in the arm. Further studies are necessary to use this product in clinical practice. However, the systolic and diastolic blood pressures measured with the SE-7000 in the arm were relatively similar to those measured by the baumanometer enabling this products to be effectively used in clinical practice.
Arm ; Blood Pressure ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Korea ; Sphygmomanometers* ; Wrist