Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) has been a well established animal model of postvaccinatal demyelinating diseases occurring in humans. Therefore elucidation of its pathogenesis would be very critical for the understanding of various human demyelinating diseases including multiple sclerosis. This study was performed to characterize the infiltrating cells in inflammatory sites and analyze the nature of the damage of blood brain barrier in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis was produced by administering homologous spinal cord homogenate together with complete Freund's adjuvant in guinea pigs. Immunostainings on guinea pig IgG, IgM, IgA and muramidase were performed by peroxidase-antiperoxidase or indirect immunofluorescent methods. The blood-brain barrier change was assessed by administering fluorescent Evans blue. Following results were made. In juvenile animals, both clinical findings and histopathologic changes were first noted by 3 weeks after injection and progressed during the whole experimental period. However, these findings were delayed in onset and low in incidence in adult animals. The clinical and pathologic changes started from the caudal portions and extended rostrally. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) was damaged and progressed starting also from the caudal portion of the spinal cord. The BBB changes were more severe in young animal than adult animals. Those changes preceded th histologic alterations. It is suggested that the BBB susceptibility is responsible for the caudal onset of histologic changes. Although the lesion has been thought to be induced by T-cell mediated hypersensitivity, infiltrating cells consisted mainly of muramidase positive histiocytes. A few immunoglobulin positive B cells or plasma cells could also be demonstrated in the lesion. The former usually infiltrated the parenchyme and the latter remained around the small or medium-sized vessels.
Adult ; Male ; Female ; Humans ; Animals ; Incidence

Retropsoas space below the level of kidney has been suggested as a portion of inferior extensions of perirenal and anterior and posterior pararenal spaces. With this being true, the space may play an important role in disease extension. A study was performed to verify the existence of retropsoas peritoneal recess by means of identifying the extension of bowel loops into this space. Abdominal CT scans of 146 cases evaluated retrospectively revealed extension of 5 small bowel and 7 large bowel loops (6 descending and 1 ascending colons)(n=12/8.2%) into the retropsoas space verifying its existence. Since pathologic collection within the retropsoas space might be falsely inter preted as a retroperitoneal pathology and percutaneous uroradiologic intervention could result in intraperitoneal injury or contamination without the knowledge on the existence of this space, observation of this space is essential in CT scans.
Kidney ; Pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The gross tissue specimens are a valuable aid to the teaching of pathology and anatomy. However, traditional methods for storage and handling of them are discouragingly difficult and, recently, minimal surgical resections as well as preoperative interventions make it more difficult to have instructive gross specimens. Plastination is a process of tissue preservation by impregnation with silicone polymers or epoxy resins. The process in our study involves dehydration by cryosubstitution in aceton, defatting, forced impregnation of silicon polymer in a vacuum, curing and finishing. We submitted 40 surgically resected specimens to plastination. The resulting specimens are odorless, relatively dry, durable, life-like, non-hazardous, maintenance-free, and do not deteriorate with time. Plastinated specimens are a useful adjunct to the teaching of pathology, particularly suited for use in small groups, and appropriate method of tissue preservation. They are much preferred to wet preparation and conventional pots by both students and teachers owing to their accessibility, superior illustrative powers, and comparative ease of interpretation.
Dehydration ; Epoxy Resins ; Humans ; Pathology* ; Polymers ; Silicones ; Tissue Preservation ; Vacuum

No abstract available.
Helicobacter pylori* ; Helicobacter* ; Urease*

This study was undertaken to observe the effects of centrally administred antihistamines on the blood pressure. Diphenhydramine(DPH), a H1-receptor antagonist, and ranitidine(RAN), a H2-receptor antagonist were administered intracerebroventricularly(icv) on urethane-anesthetized rabbits. 1) Both DPH and RAN administered intraccebroventricularly increased blood pressure, however the intravenous(iv) adminstration of them did not affect blood pressure. The pressor response to icv DPH was dose-dependent, but that to icv RAN was not. 2) The pressor response to icv DPH(1mg) was either markedly attenuated or reversed to depressor response by the pretreatment with icv phentolamine(250,500ug), and iv chlorisondamine(0.1, 1mg/Kg) and iv phenoxybenzamine(1mg/Kg). In cord-sectioned rabbtis, icv RAN) 1mg) did not produce pressor response. 3) The pressor responsr to icv RAN(1mg) was not affected by the pretreatment with icv phentolamine(500ug), iv chlorisondamin(1mg/Kg) and iv phenoxybenzamine(1mg/Kg), and iv phenoxybenzamine(1mg/Kg). RAN also producted pressor response in cordsectioned rabbits. These results suggest that the pressor response to icv DPH is elecited by increasing peripheral sympathetic tone via the stimulation of central alpha-adrenoreceptors and the pressor response to icv RAN is produced by releasing some humoral facotr which can increase blood pressure.
Blood Pressure ; Diphenhydramine* ; Histamine Antagonists ; Rabbits* ; Ranitidine*

Scrub typhus (Tsutsugamushi disease)is an acute febrile systemic illness caused by Rickettsia tsutsugamushi that is transmitted to humans by the bite of larval-stage trombiculid mites (chiggers). The authors analyzed chest radiographic findings of scrub typhus in 160 patients in Ulsan area. One hundred and eight (67.5%) of160 patients showed abnormal findings which included lung lesions in 108 patients (67.5%), cardiomegaly in 37 patients (23.1%), lymphadenopathy in 25 patients (15.6%) and pleural effusion in 11 patients (6.9%). Among the lung lesions, interstitial patterns were seen in 107 patients (66.9%), mostly fine or medium reticulonodular, and air-space patterns in 14 patients(8.8%) and combined interstitial and air-space patterns in 13 patients (8.1%). Sixty-four patients(40%) had combined chest radiographic findings. The typical chest radiographic findings of scrub typhus would be helpful in evaluation of the causes of acute febrile illness that occur during late fall in the endemic area.
Cardiomegaly ; Humans ; Lung ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Orientia tsutsugamushi ; Pleural Effusion ; Radiography, Thoracic* ; Scrub Typhus* ; Thorax* ; Trombiculidae ; Ulsan*

No abstract available.
Cloning, Molecular* ; DNA* ; Helicobacter pylori* ; Helicobacter* ; Sequence Analysis, DNA* ; Urease*

PURPOSE: We analyzed disease free survival and the prognostic factors of liposarcoma in the extremity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 1994 and 2005, of 44 patients who were diagnosed and treated for liposarcoma of the extremity, 40 patients were restrospectively analysed. 13 out of 40 patients got postoperative radiotherapy. We examined local recurrence, distant metastasis and disease free 5-year survival rate. We also analyzed clinical prognostic factors, such as age, gender, size of tumor, prior unplanned excision, histologic type, surgical excision margin and postoperative radiotherapy respectively. RESULTS: There were 3 cases of local recurrence and 4 cases of distant metastasis. The disease free 5-year survival rate was 85.0%. 26 patients presented with myxoid, 8 well differentiated, 4 round cell, 1 pleomorphic and 1 dedifferentiated histology. The disease free 5-year survival rate of mixoid, well differentiated and round cell liposarcoma were 100.0%, 84.6% and 75.0% (p=0.419). The 5-year disease free survival rate was 90.6% in negative surgical margin (n=25) and 62.5% in positive surgical margin (n=15) (p=0.003). CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that surgical excision margin is significant prognostic factor for 5-year disease free survival rate.
Disease-Free Survival ; Extremities ; Humans ; Liposarcoma ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence ; Survival Rate

Experimental brain infarcts in rats were studied light and electron microscopically to investigate the factor(s) controlling contrast enhancement on CT scans of the infarcts. Brain infarction was induced by injection of fine autologous blood clots through the right internal carotid artery and the affected brain was processed for examination 1 day, 2 day, and 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after the injection. The lesion of early, necro - degenerative stage(1 day to 1 week) showed structural disintegration of capillary endothelial cells with dissolution of tight junctions. The lesion of middle, regenerative stage(2 to 4 weeks) was characterized by proliferation of new capillaries, They had well - formed tight junctions and continuos basement membrane. The endothelial cells, however, had intraluminal villous projections and many pinocytotic vesicles, suggesting an increased permeability. The capillaries matured at late, reparative stage(8 weeks), appearing similar to those in normal brain tissue except that they were loosely surrounded by astrocytic foot processes. It was presumed that the ncreased permeability of new capillaries might play an important role for contrast enhancement observable clinically during the middle stage(2 to 4 weeks).
Animals ; Basement Membrane ; Brain Infarction ; Brain* ; Capillaries* ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Endothelial Cells ; Foot ; Permeability ; Rats* ; Tight Junctions ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Genomic Library* ; Helicobacter pylori* ; Helicobacter*