No abstract available.
Molecular Biology* ; Shigella*

Sacral pressure sores have been treated by a variety of surgical methods. complete treatment needs wide excision and coverage with healthy tissue which has constant and sufficient blood supply. Use of gluteus maximus muscle flap with or without overlying skin is a revolutionary method because of the reliability of blood supply. However, it is technically a little bit complicated, and future reconstruction for recurrent decubitus is especially limited in paraplegic patients. The development of gluteal perforator-based flap with para-sacral perforator introduce a new treatment modality for the sacral pressure sores. Total 10 cases of sacral pressure sores were treated with gluteal perforator-based flap. There were minimal postoperative complications except wound dehiscence in one case. This flap has a many advantage of no transection or sacrifice of the gluteus maximus muscle, elevation time for the flap is short, reliable blood flow of the perforator, large rotation arc and no post-operative hindrance to walking in patients who are not paraplegic. The disadvantages of this perforator-based flaps are the anatomical variation in the location of perforators and the need for technically careful dissection.
Humans ; Postoperative Complications ; Pressure Ulcer* ; Skin ; Walking ; Wounds and Injuries

BACKGROUND: Solvents play an immense role in the industria sector. Irritant dermatitis which is more common than allergic contact dermatitis can be caused by solvents. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to compare the skin irritancy of several solvents using human and guinea pig skin models. METHODS: The skin responses to short contact with etharol, acetone, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and xylene were measured by visual scoring of erythm, transepidermal water loss and laser doppler flowmetry. RESULTS: The results are summarized as follows . 1. Guinea pig and human skin responses to normal saline, ethanol, and acetone were nearly negligible. 2. Guinea pig skin responses to 99.9% DMSO under occlusion for 0.5 min were assessed by visual scoring system, TEWL, and LDF. They are measured 3+0.(0,1+21.70, 45+12.70 at 5 min after removal of 99.9% DMSQ, and 0.83+0.41, 10.5+3.83, 36+4.0, to 120 min after removal. 3. Guinea pig skin responses to 97% xylene under occlusion for 5 nin were assessed by visual scoring system, TEWL and LDF. They are measured 3+0.00, 1. 5.82, 77+11.7 at 5 min after removal of 97% xylene, and 1.83+0.75, 5.5+3.21, 39.17+11.53 at l2 min after removal. 4. Human skin responses to 75% DMSO under occlusion for 1 min were assessed by visual scoring system, TEWL and LDF. They are measured 2,5+0.5, 63+25.8, 51+13.7 at 5 min after removal of 75% DMSO, and 0.17+0.41, 14.67+15.87, 21.17-8. 1 at 120 min after removal. 5. Human skin responses to 97% xylene under occlusion for 12 min were assessed by visual scoring system, TEWL and LDF. They are measured 2.7+0.52+4.22, 76+14.30 at 5 min after removal of 97% xylene, and 0+0, 2.5+0.55, 3.17+0.98, 120 emOVBI. CONCLUSION: Short contact vrith DMSO and xylene cause visib erythema and an increase in TEWL and cutaneous blood flow. The reaction patterns in hurr an and guinea pig skin models were similar.
Acetone ; Animals ; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact ; Dermatitis, Irritant* ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide ; Erythema ; Ethanol ; Guinea Pigs ; Humans ; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry ; Lichen Planus ; Skin ; Solvents* ; Xylenes

Thromboembolism is the most common serious complication following total hip arthroplasty and most common cause of death after total hip arthroplasty. A prospective randomized study in 170 cases of elective cementless total hip arthroplasty was carried out to examine the incidence of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism after cementless total hip arthroplasty from Aug. 1993 to May 1995. Laboratory study, clinical symptoms and signs, chest roentgenograph and precipitating factors were analysed. Venography and lung perfusion scan using radionuclide scan were used for this study. The weight, height, sex, habitus of alcohol and smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, previous operation history of ipsilateral lower extremity, etiology of hip joint disease, and transfusion of blood were not precipitating factors, but the age over 40 and previous history of pulmonary embolism had a significant effect on the incidence of deep vein thrombosis. There was no significant relationship between the incidence of deep vein thrombosis and the laboratory assay, clinical symptoms and signs. Deep vein thrombosis was detected in 29 cases(17.0%), pulmonary embolism in 22 cases(12.9%), and fatal pulmonary embolism in 1 case(0.6%). The most common location of deep vein thrombosis was the popliteal area.
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* ; Cause of Death ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Hip Joint ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Lower Extremity ; Lung ; Perfusion ; Phlebography ; Precipitating Factors ; Prospective Studies ; Pulmonary Embolism* ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Thorax ; Thromboembolism ; Venous Thrombosis*

In 257 open fracture patients, treated from 1972 to 1979 at Kyung Hee University Hospital and analysed retrospectively, the infection rate was 35.8%. The factors thought to be associated with post-operative infection in open fracture were statistically analysed and discussed. The conclusions of this study were follows: 1. Open fractures require adequate debridement and irrigation. 2. Antibiotics should be administered as early as possible, especially before operation. 3. Early determination of local blood clrculation and its improvement are importent. 4. Contaminated open wound should be treated open, but if wound considered clean by adequate debridement may be closed primarlly. 5. If primary bone fixation is required, external flxation is recommended. Internal fixation should be avoided In grade I & II, but in grade III internal fixatlon is not contraindication for Improvement of blood circulation and open wound management.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Blood Circulation ; Debridement ; Fractures, Open ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Wound Infection ; Wounds and Injuries

We evaluated the results of twelve total elbow arthroplasties that had been performed from Feb. 1986 to Mar. 1993 in ten patients. The duration of follow-up averaged three years two months(range, one year to seven years one month). There were six females and four males. Two females had bilateral procedures. The average age at the time of the operation was 35.3 years(range, 22 to 53). Five patients had severe rheumatoid arthritis, four patients had fracture sequelae around elbows and one patient had sequele of tuberculous arthritis. Total elbow arthroplasty had been performed for improving the range of motion and relief of pain. Total elbow arthroplasties had been performed in six cases of total ankylotic elbows and in six cases who complained severe painful limitation of motion of the elbow joints. Preoperatively, ankylotic group were fixed by 30 degrees of flexion on an average. In painful elbow group, the average total range of motion was 68 degrees. The prosthesis which were used in total elbow arthroplasties were semiconstrained type in nine cases and noncostrained in three cases. Most of the patients had relief of pain. Postoperative complications were permanent ulnar nerve palsy in one case, superficial infection in one case and dislocation in one case. Total gain of range of motion(ROM) was 17 degrees in painful elbow group and 102 degrees in ankylotic elbows. Total elbow arthroplasty was effective method for improvement of range of motion in ankylotic elbows and relief of pain in elbows which had painful limitation of motion.
Ankylosis ; Arthritis ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Arthroplasty ; Dislocations ; Elbow Joint ; Elbow ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Methods ; Postoperative Complications ; Prostheses and Implants ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Ulnar Neuropathies

No abstract available.
Plasmids* ; Shigella* ; Virulence Factors* ; Virulence*

No abstract available.
Escherichia coli* ; Escherichia* ; HeLa Cells* ; Humans ; Virulence Factors* ; Virulence*

Conservative treatment is the main therapy for cervicobrachial syndrome, scapulohumeral periarthritis, and lumbago as diseases with both pain and myotonia. The-conservative treatment mainly consists of medication, physiotherapy, and kinesiotherapy. In the recent years, attempts have been made to give relief to myotonia through combination therapy with antiinflammatory analgesics and muscle relaxants. The muscle relaxants using in general are tolperisone hydrochloride, chlormezanone, and diazepam. Eperizone hydrochloride(Mulex tablet) is a beta-propriophenone derivatives and a central acting muscle relaxant, And it benefited subjective symptoms such as muscular pain (lumbago, neck pain) and a stiff muscle sensation (shoulder tension, tension feeling of lower limb). Among 22 patients, there were 14 lumbagos, two cephalobrachial syndromes, one scapulohumeral periarthritis, and five combined patients were chosen and duration of symptom was 5 years (3months-15years) in average. Mulex tablet was administered in a dose of 3 tablets (150rag) per day in 22 patients for 6 weeks prospectively. We analysed general improvement rating (GIR), general usefulness rating(GUR), and overall safety rating. The general improvement rate was 78% and the aggravation rate was 4%. The complication after, madication was infrequently gastrointestinal trouble. Incidence of side effect was 22%, but all these complications were insignificant. Hematology, blood chemistry, and urinalysis after medication were normal.
Analgesics ; Chemistry ; Chlormezanone ; Diazepam ; Hematology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Low Back Pain ; Myotonia ; Neck ; Periarthritis ; Prospective Studies ; Sensation ; Tablets ; Tolperisone ; Urinalysis

We report a rare case of remote cerebellar hemorrhage after intradural disc surgery at the L1-2 level. Two days after the spine surgery, patient complained unexpected headache, dizziness, nausea and vomiting. From the urgently conducted brain CT, it was reported that the patient had cerebellar hemorrhage. Occipital craniotomy and hematoma evacuation was performed, and hemorrhagic lesion on the right cerebellum was effectively removed. After occipital craniotomy, the patient showed signs of improvement on headache, dizziness, nausea and vomiting. He was able to leave the hospital after two weeks of initial operation without any neurological deficit. Remote cerebellar hemorrhage following spinal surgery is extremely rare, but may occur from dural damage of spinal surgery, accompanied with cerebrospinal fluid leakage. Early diagnosis is particularly important for the optimal treatment of remote cerebellar hemorrhage.
Brain ; Cerebellum ; Craniotomy ; Dizziness ; Early Diagnosis ; Headache ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Nausea ; Spine ; Vomiting