PURPOSE: A method detecting change of jaw or alveolar bone density may be helpful in periodontal care, implant dentistry and evaluation of bone density of whole body. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, bone density of intraoral periapical radiography using phantom-integrated XCP is compared with that of quantitative computed tomography (QCT). RESULTS: Bone density of intraoral periapical radiography and the one measured by QCT showed high correlation (correlation coefficient = 0.92, P<.001) in alveolar bone, and relatively high correlation (0.73, P<.001) in cancellous bone. CONCLUSION: This study revealed possibility of scoring of bone density by intraoral periapical radiography.
Bone Density* ; Dentistry ; Jaw ; Radiography*

The following conclusions were obtained from the non-reconstructed and reconstructed subtraction images of the standard intraoral radiographs which were taken with paralleing technique with Rinn XCP only and with occlusal bite registration for geometric standardization using bilateral mandibular premolar and molar regions of two dry humad skulls. 1. The SD of the overall subtraction images of the premolars and molars of the non-reconstructed, tnat is, the manual superimposition showed statistically significant difference between the non-registered and registered groups. 2. In non-reconstructed and non-registered cases, the quality of the subtraction images were improved when superimposition was focally done and this was more evident in areas where the radiographic imaged tend to be distorted due to anatomic readons. 3. In non-restructed and registered cases, the subtraction images were consistent regardless of the anatomic site or the focus superimposition. This means that the geometric standardization with only occlusal bite registration could produce serial radiographs which is suitable for subtraction. 4. The SD of the overall subtraction images of the premolars and molars of the reconstructed, that is, the automatic superimposition showed statistically insignificant difference between the non-registered and registered groups. This means that using reconstruction, subtraction radiography is possible without occlusal bite registration. 5. In reconstructed and non-registered cases, compatible quality of the subtraction images were obtained regardless of the anatomic site or area of the corresponding points. 6. In reconstructed and registered cases, best subtraction images whose quality showed sensitivity to the areas of corresponding points were obtained.
Bicuspid ; Jaw Relation Record ; Molar ; Radiography* ; Skull

PURPOSE: To assess the methods for the clinical evaluation of the longitudinal bone changes after implantation of tooth ash-plaster mixture into the defect area of human jaws. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tooth ash-plaster mixtures were implanted into the defects of 8 human jaws. 48 intraoral radiograms taken with copper step wedge as reference at soon, 1st, 2nd, 4th, and 6th week after implantation of mixture were used. X-ray taking was standardized by using Rinn XCP device customized directly to the individual dentition with resin bite block. The images inputted by Quick scanner were digitized and analyzed by NIH image program. Cu-equivalent values were measured at the implanted sites from the periodic digital images. Analysis was performed by the bidirectional subtraction with color enhancement and the surface plot of resliced contiguous image. The obtained results by the two methods were compared with Cu-equivalent value changes. RESULTS: The average determination coefficient of Cu-equivalent equations was 0.9988 and the coefficient of variation of measured Cu values ranged from 0.08 ~ 0.10. The coefficient of variation of Cu-equivalent values measured at the areas of the mixture and the bone by the conversion equation ranged from 0.06 ~0.09. The analyzed results by the bidirectional subtraction with color enhancement were coincident with the changes of Cu-equivalent values. The surface plot of the resliced contiguous image showed the three dimensional view of the longitudinal bone changes on one image and also coincident with Cu-equivalent value changes after implantation. CONCLUSION: The bidirectional subtraction with color enhancement and the surface plot of the resliced contiguous image was very effective and reasonable to analyze clinically and qualitatively the longitudinal bone change. These methods are expected to be applicable to the non-destructive test in other fields.
Copper ; Dentition ; Humans ; Jaw ; Radiography* ; Tooth*

PURPOSE: The objective of the present article is to determine whether there are differences in vertical enlargement ratio among various sites within both jaws in a panoramic radiograph. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred and seventy-threeimplant sites in panoramic radiographs were evaluated by two observers. Magnification ratios at various sites in both jaws were calculated and compared with each other. RESULT: The average vertical enlargement ratio in the panoramic radiograph was 1.264 and this value was larger than original ratio 1.250. Although vertical magnification ratio of maxillary molar area was higher than that of mandibular molar area, every group showed similar magnification ratio in clinical respect. CONCLUSION: Vertical magnification ratio of the maxillary molar area is statistically higher than that of the mandibular molar area in the panoramic radiograph, but it is clinically negligible.
Dental Implants ; Jaw ; Molar ; Radiographic Magnification ; Radiography

INTRODUCTION: A cyst is a closed pathologic sac containing fluid or semi-solid material in central region. The most common conventional treatment for a cyst is enucleation. It was reported that spontaneous bone healing could be accomplished without bone grafting. We are trying to evaluate bone reconstruction ability by analyzing panorama radiograph and computed tomography (CT) scan with retrograde studying after cyst enucleation. In this way we are estimating critical size defect for spontaneous healing without bone graft. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study comprised of 45 patients who were diagnosed as cysts and implemented enucleation treatment without bone graft. After radiograph photo taking ante and post surgery for 6, 12, 18, 24 months, the healing surface and volumetric changes were calculated. RESULTS: 1. Spontaneous bone healing was accomplished clinically satisfying 12 months later after surgery. But analyzing CT scan, defect volume changes indicate 79.24% which imply incomplete bone healing of defect area. 2. Comparing volume changes of defect area of CT scan, there are statistical significance between under 5,000 mm3 and over 5,000 mm3. The defect volume of 5,000 mm3 shows 2.79x1.91 cm in panoramic view. CONCLUSION: Bone defects, which are determined by a healed section using a panoramic view, compared to CT scans which do not show up. Also we can estimate the critical size of defects for complete healing.
Ants ; Bone Regeneration ; Bone Transplantation ; Humans ; Jaw ; Radiography, Panoramic ; Transplants

Eosinophilic granuloma, a rare disease, has various clinical manifestations and no specific X-rays features and is thus easily misdiagnosed. This paper reports a case of multifocal eosinophilic granuloma of jaw with long-term follow-up. The patient initially presented with periodontal tissue destruction.The diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of multifocal eosinophilic granuloma of jaw were discussed in combination with the literature to alert this disease in clinical practice.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Eosinophilic Granuloma/diagnostic imaging* ; Humans ; Jaw ; Periodontium ; Radiography

PURPOSE: Upper cervical vertebrae are commonly imaged together with the jaw bones in panoramic radiography. There have been many studies investigating the possible role of mandible as an indicator of osteoporosis. But the result doesn't show unanimity. This study measured bone densities of mandible and second and third cervical vertebrae to find out any relationship between these two areas. These results may contribute in panorama being used as a screening method in detecting possible osteoporotic patient. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Randomly selected 226 digitized panoramic images with cervical vertebrae shadows from 156 dental patients between 5 to 80 years of age were used. And the bone densities of second and third cervical vertebrae, apical areas of first and second mandibular molars and interdental areas were measured. The bone density measurements were restricted to the cancellous bone and the average and standard deviations and paired t-tests were done to each measurements. RESULTS: All the measurements were statistically significantly related. The best relationship was found between the third cervical vertebrae and first and second mandibular apical areas. The average and standard deviations of the measured bone density ratios of these areas were 1.20+/-0.45 and 1.34+/-0.48 each. CONCLUSION: Patients whose panoramic bone density of the third cervical vertebrae are much below those of mandibular first or second molar apical areas may have osteoporosis.
Bone Density* ; Cervical Vertebrae* ; Female ; Humans ; Jaw ; Mandible* ; Mass Screening ; Molar ; Osteoporosis ; Radiography ; Radiography, Panoramic*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the reliability of measurements in spiral tomography through assessing the visibility of the alveolar crest and the measurements between the alveolar crest and other anatomic structures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 110 spiral tomograms of the jaws were taken by Scanora X-ray unit from the patients. The visibility of the alveolar crests was estimated by 3 observers and classified as clearly visible, questionable visibility, or not visible. 3 observers measured the distance between the alveolar crest and the reference points of anatomic structures. The measurements were repeated 2 weeks later. RESULTS: 52.9% of alveolar crests on upper jaws and 61.5% of alveolar crests on lower jaws were visible. The interobserver and intraobserver agreements on the visibility were low. The mean ranges of the measurements were 1.39 mm (SD = 1.37 mm) on maxilla and 1.03 mm (SD = 1.01 mm) on mandible in the interobserver evaluation. The interobserver variance was greater than the intraobserver variance in the measurements of distance. CONCLUSION: Spiral tomography showed a relatively low reliability in the visibility and measurements of the alveolar crest.
Dental Implants ; Humans ; Jaw ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Radiography, Dental ; Radiography, Dental, Digital ; Tomography, X-Ray

OBJECTIVETo study the edentulous patients facio-maxillary characters, and discuss the base of recording jaw relation by swallowing action.

METHODSForty-three edentulous patients were included in this study, age ranged from 57 to 70 yr, with new comfortable full dentures. Two lateral cephalograms for one patient were taken by SIRONA digital X-ray dental system, one of which was centric occlusion with full denture, another was the end position of swallowing action without denture.

RESULTSThe vertical facial dimensions of male were a little more than that of female. The ratio of lower front facial height/upper front facial height was about 6/5, angle S-N-Po was about 78 approximately 80 degrees. These data may be useful for dentists to make diagnoses if the jaw relation is right or not. Both in vertical or anterior-posterior (horizontal) dimension, the differences between two groups (two actions in one patient) were not significant. It showed that two positions of two actions were the same.

CONCLUSIONSThe SIRONA digital X-ray dental system for cephalometry was swift, and had its own characters. The way of swallowing and occluding is one of efficient methods to record the jaw relation of edentulous patients veraciously and naturally.

Aged ; Cephalometry ; methods ; Deglutition ; Female ; Humans ; Jaw Relation Record ; Jaw, Edentulous ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography, Dental, Digital

Fibromyxoma of the jaw is a rare benign mesenchymal odontogenic tumor with locally aggressive behavior. In the present report, a 13-year-old female patient presented to our university hospital with delayed eruption of some of her teeth. A panoramic radiograph taken at the initial examination revealed four pericoronal radiolucencies related to the four third molars. Thereafter, a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination was performed. After the surgical removal of these molars, the microscopic examination diagnosed the four lesions as fibromyxomas. Here, we have discussed the clinical, panoramic radiography, MRI, and histopathological findings of the case.
Adolescent ; Female ; Fibroma* ; Humans ; Jaw* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Molar ; Molar, Third ; Odontogenic Tumors ; Radiography, Panoramic ; Tooth