Hepatic hemangioma is one of the most frequent benign neoplasms of the liver. Yet, hyalinized hemangioma represents a regressed form of cavernous hemangioma, a very rare disease that has only been reported in two patients in Korea. Hyalinized hemangiomas are characterized by severe sclerosis and are occasionally misdiagnosed as malignancies. Hemangiomas have identifiable features on ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. However, the radiologic differential diagnosis is extensive and should include malignant tumors. We report a very rare case of hyalinized hepatic hemangioma and present a review of the literature.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Hemangioma ; Hemangioma, Cavernous ; Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Korea ; Liver ; Liver Neoplasms ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Rare Diseases ; Sclerosis

Parry-Romberg syndrome is a rare acquired disease of unknown etiology that is classically characterized by progressive atrophy of the skin, subcutaneous tissues, and underlying bone structures. Eyelid myokymia is a disorder of involuntary, fine, continuous, undulating muscle fiber contractions, which is seen as a rippling of the overlying periorbital area. We report a patient with Parry-Romberg syndrome presenting eyelid myokymia.

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship of the parenting stress with their children's characteristics for typically developing preschool children. METHODS: Parents of 38 preschool children (mean age : 4.4+/-0.7 years, 22 boys) completed the Korean Parenting Stress Index, the Korean Child Behavior Checklist, the Conners Parent and Teacher Rating Scale-Abbreviated form (CPRS and CTRS), the Junior Temperament and Character Inventory, the Children's Sleep Habit Questionnaire and the Social Responsiveness Scale. All 38 children performed the Comprehensive Attention Test (CAT). RESULTS: The children's inattentive and hyperactive problems, as measured by the CBCL, CPRS and CAT, had positive correlation with parenting stress. Both internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems were associated with parenting stress. Of the child's temperament dimensions, Novelty Seeking and Harm Avoidance were positively correlated with parenting stress, but Persistence and Cooperativeness were negatively correlated with parenting stress. Sleep anxiety and other sleep characteristics showed a correlation with parenting stress. Social Motivation and Communication were also positively related to parenting stress. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that parenting stress could be related to the children's cognition, emotion, behavioral characteristics, sleep habits and social development. These results could assist in the development of interventions to improve the parental well-being in typically developing preschool children.
Animals ; Anxiety ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Cats ; Checklist ; Child ; Child Behavior ; Child, Preschool ; Cognition ; Humans ; Motivation ; Parenting ; Parents ; Social Change ; Temperament ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship of the parenting stress with their children's characteristics for typically developing preschool children. METHODS: Parents of 38 preschool children (mean age : 4.4+/-0.7 years, 22 boys) completed the Korean Parenting Stress Index, the Korean Child Behavior Checklist, the Conners Parent and Teacher Rating Scale-Abbreviated form (CPRS and CTRS), the Junior Temperament and Character Inventory, the Children's Sleep Habit Questionnaire and the Social Responsiveness Scale. All 38 children performed the Comprehensive Attention Test (CAT). RESULTS: The children's inattentive and hyperactive problems, as measured by the CBCL, CPRS and CAT, had positive correlation with parenting stress. Both internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems were associated with parenting stress. Of the child's temperament dimensions, Novelty Seeking and Harm Avoidance were positively correlated with parenting stress, but Persistence and Cooperativeness were negatively correlated with parenting stress. Sleep anxiety and other sleep characteristics showed a correlation with parenting stress. Social Motivation and Communication were also positively related to parenting stress. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that parenting stress could be related to the children's cognition, emotion, behavioral characteristics, sleep habits and social development. These results could assist in the development of interventions to improve the parental well-being in typically developing preschool children.
Animals ; Anxiety ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Cats ; Checklist ; Child ; Child Behavior ; Child, Preschool ; Cognition ; Humans ; Motivation ; Parenting ; Parents ; Social Change ; Temperament ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVES: The standard metrics used to monitor the progression of acute kidney injury (AKI) include markers such as serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Moreover, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) expression has been reported to modulate oxidative stress. METHODS: We aimed to evaluate the usefulness of serum NGAL levels for monitoring renal function after radical nephrectomy (RN). We prospectively collected data from 30 patients who underwent RN. We analyzed serum NGAL and creatinine at 6 time points: preoperative day 1, right after surgery, 6 hours after surgery, postoperative day (POD) 1, POD 3, and POD 5. We compared these measurements according to the eGFR values (classified as chronic kidney disease stage III; CKD III or not) using data obtained 3 months after surgery. RESULTS: The mean age was 65.5 years (range, 45–77 years), and the male-to-female ratio was 2:1. At the last follow-up examination, there were 12 patients (40%) with CKD III. Using receiver operating characteristic analysis, we found that serum creatinine on POD 5 (area under the curve [AUC], 0.887; P= 0.000) and NGAL at 6 hours after LRN (AUC, 0.743, P= 0.026) were significant predictors of CKD III. The development of CKD III after LRN was associated with the serum creatinine level on POD 5 and the NGAL at 6 hours after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Compared to serum creatinine, serum NGAL enabled earlier prediction of postoperative CKD III. Therefore, serum NGAL measured 6 hours after surgery could be a useful marker for managing patients after RN.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Creatinine ; Early Diagnosis* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Humans ; Kidney ; Lipocalins* ; Nephrectomy* ; Neutrophils* ; Oxidative Stress ; Prospective Studies ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ; ROC Curve

OBJECTIVES: Problem behaviors pose a great obstacle to daily functioning in children with neurodevelopmental deficits and are an important target for treatment. In this study, we translated the Behavior Problems Inventory (BPI)-01 into Korean language and tested its psychometric properties. METHODS: We attained the approval of the BPI author and performed standard translation-back translation. Then, professional caregivers examined appropriateness according to cultural and situational contexts in order to make necessary modifications of the Korean version of the BPI. RESULTS: The BPI-01, Korea-Scales of Independent Behavior-Revised (K-SIB-R), and Child Behavior Checklist were completed for 98 autistic spectrum disorder or intellectual development disorder participants (mean age=28.3, standard deviation=7.3, range=10.1–51.7). The inter-rater reliability of the BPI-01 was found to be high (r=0.992–1.000). As for the results for concurrent validity for subscale items of BPI-01 and scales of SIB, correlations between SIB and BPI-01 subscales were statistically significant (r=0.357–0.672). CONCLUSION: The Korean version of the BPI-01 showed good psychometric properties with high reliability and sufficient convergent validity. Further examination of the validity of BPI-01 should be carried out with inclusion of younger aged children and a closer look at less frequently occurring symptoms.
Autism Spectrum Disorder ; Autistic Disorder ; Caregivers ; Checklist ; Child ; Child Behavior ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability ; Problem Behavior ; Psychometrics ; Reproducibility of Results ; Weights and Measures

PURPOSE: Obtaining a detailed family history through detailed pedigree is essential in recognizing hereditary colorectal cancer (CRC) syndromes. This study was performed to assess the current knowledge and practice patterns of surgery residents regarding familial risk of CRC. METHODS: A questionnaire survey was performed to evaluate the knowledge and the level of recognition for analyses of family histories and hereditary CRC syndromes in 62 residents of the Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital. The questionnaire consisted of 22 questions regarding practice patterns for, knowledge of, and resident education about hereditary CRC syndromes. RESULTS: Two-thirds of the residents answered that family history should be investigated at the first interview, but only 37% of them actually obtained pedigree detailed family history at the very beginning in actual clinical practice. Three-quarters of the residents answered that the quality of family history they obtained was poor. Most of them could diagnose hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer and recommend an appropriate colonoscopy surveillance schedule; however, only 19% knew that cancer surveillance guidelines differed according to the family history. Most of our residents lacked knowledge of cancer genetics, such as causative genes, and diagnostic methods, including microsatellite instability test, and indicated a desire and need for more education regarding hereditary cancer and genetic testing during residency. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that surgical residents' knowledge of hereditary cancer was not sufficient and that the quality of the family histories obtained in current practice has to be improved. More information regarding hereditary cancer should be considered in education programs for surgery residents.
Appointments and Schedules ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis ; Genetic Testing ; Humans ; Microsatellite Instability ; Pedigree ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: Obtaining a detailed family history through detailed pedigree is essential in recognizing hereditary colorectal cancer (CRC) syndromes. This study was performed to assess the current knowledge and practice patterns of surgery residents regarding familial risk of CRC. METHODS: A questionnaire survey was performed to evaluate the knowledge and the level of recognition for analyses of family histories and hereditary CRC syndromes in 62 residents of the Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital. The questionnaire consisted of 22 questions regarding practice patterns for, knowledge of, and resident education about hereditary CRC syndromes. RESULTS: Two-thirds of the residents answered that family history should be investigated at the first interview, but only 37% of them actually obtained pedigree detailed family history at the very beginning in actual clinical practice. Three-quarters of the residents answered that the quality of family history they obtained was poor. Most of them could diagnose hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer and recommend an appropriate colonoscopy surveillance schedule; however, only 19% knew that cancer surveillance guidelines differed according to the family history. Most of our residents lacked knowledge of cancer genetics, such as causative genes, and diagnostic methods, including microsatellite instability test, and indicated a desire and need for more education regarding hereditary cancer and genetic testing during residency. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that surgical residents' knowledge of hereditary cancer was not sufficient and that the quality of the family histories obtained in current practice has to be improved. More information regarding hereditary cancer should be considered in education programs for surgery residents.
Appointments and Schedules ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis ; Genetic Testing ; Humans ; Microsatellite Instability ; Pedigree ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the clinical characteristics and neuropsychological profiles of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and their siblings. METHODS: Eighteen children (age 8.2+/-1.7 years, 12 boys) with ADHD and their 18 siblings (age 7.8+/-1.6 years, 8 boys) completed Continuous Performance (CPT), Stroop, Children's Trail Making, Rey-Kim Memory, and Kim's Frontal Executive Function tasks. The parents of these subjects underwent the Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale (ARS), 10-item Parent General Behavior Inventory (P-GBI), and the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS). Paired t-tests were used. RESULTS: The inattention (p=.020), and hyperactivity-impulsivity (p=.001), scores of the ARS and the P-GBI score (p=.004) were significantly higher in children with ADHD than in their siblings. Deficits in social communication and motivation on SRS were higher in children with ADHD than in their siblings (p=.017 and p=.011, respectively). Z-scores of omission and commission errors as well as response time variability on visual CPT and omission errors on auditory CPT were in clinically significant range, and z-score of omission errors on auditory CPT was in borderline range in siblings. Omission (p=.018) and commission errors on Visual CPT (p=.007) were significantly higher in children with ADHD compared to their siblings. Recognition efficiency on Kim's Frontal Executive Function Task was lower in children with ADHD compared to their siblings, but in normal range in both groups. Stroop interference and figure fluency on Kims Frontal Executive Function Task were in borderline range in ADHD group, and figure fluency was in borderline range in siblings. CONCLUSION: Our results support a preliminary evidence for mild degree of attention deficit in ADHD siblings. Further studies are needed to examine the cognitive functions of siblings with ADHD in larger samples.
Child* ; Executive Function ; Humans ; Memory ; Motivation ; Parents ; Reaction Time ; Reference Values ; Siblings*

BACKGROUND: This study examined the long-term preventive effects of a case management service on suicide reattempts, and clarified the factors related to suicide reattempts. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of suicide attempters who visited the emergency department of Ulsan University Hospital from August 28, 2013 to July 31, 2017. A 4-week case management service was provided to consenting participants, either face-to-face or by telephone. Using survival analysis, we analyzed differences in the time to the next emergency department visit for a suicide attempt according to whether participants completed the case management service. We also assessed which characteristics of participants were associated with suicide reattempts. RESULTS: We found no overall difference in time to suicide reattempt between case-managed participants and controls over the entire observation period (median period: 19 months). However, in the first 24 weeks after the initial suicide attempt, the case-managed group showed a longer time to reattempt than did the control group (log-rank test = 4.243; P = 0.039). A higher risk of reattempt was found among participants with the medical benefit type of health insurance compared to those with national health insurance (hazard ratio [HR], 5.134; P < 0.001) and among participants aged 20–39 compared to those aged ≥ 60 (HR, 3.502; P = 0.05). CONCLUSION: Case management had only short-term benefits (within 24 weeks of initial suicide attempt). Risk factors for suicide reattempts were having a medical benefit health insurance and being aged 20–39 years.
Case Management* ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Insurance, Health ; Medical Records ; National Health Programs ; Risk Factors ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Suicide* ; Survival Analysis* ; Telephone ; Ulsan