No abstract available.
Dysgerminoma* ; Female ; Ovary* ; Pregnancy*

We examined 216 Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolated from chickens and environmental specimens from hatcheries between 2005 and 2006 in order to evaluate the epidemiological prevalence of avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) in Korea tentatively by multiplex PCR. The multiplex PCR which was used as tentative criteria of APEC targets 8 virulence-associated genes; enteroaggregative toxin (astA), increased serum survival protein (iss), iron-repressible protein (irp2), P fimbriae (papC), aerobactin (iucD), temperature-sensitive hemagglutinin (tsh), vacuolating autotransporter toxin (vat), and colicin V plasmid operon (cva/cvi) genes. The number of detected genes could be used as a reliable index of their virulence. It was demonstrated that E. coli strains already typed as APEC always harbor 5 to 8 genes, but non-APEC strains harbor less than 4 genes. Assuming the criteria of APEC is a possession of more than 5 virulenceassociated genes, we discriminated 24 APEC strains among the 216 E. coli strains. Contamination rates of APEC in the field were 31.3% in layers, 14.0% in broilers, 2.7% in broiler breeders, and 0.0% in environmental specimens from hatcheries. The combinational tendency of APEC examined is a fundamental possession of astA, iss and iucD genes and addition of cva/cvi, tsh, vat, and irp2 genes which have a critical importance for virulent traits of APEC. Compared with intravenous chicken challenge or embryo lethality assay, multiplex PCR method could be useful to discriminate APEC rapidly for convenient diagnosis.
Chickens ; Colicins ; Embryonic Structures ; Escherichia ; Escherichia coli ; Hemagglutinins ; Hydroxamic Acids ; Korea ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Operon ; Plasmids ; Prevalence

BACKGROUND: Orbital complications may be occured by means of surgical injury to lamina papyracea during endoscopic sinus surgery or intranasal ethmoidectomy. The frequency of orbital complications increases when the natural dehiscence of lamina papyracea(NDLP) with or without prolapse of orbital content into ethmoid sinus is present. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence and radiologic characteristics of NDLP, and to evaluate association NDLP with anatomical variations of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The axial and coronal paranasal sinus CT scans of 183 patients with chronic paranasal sinusitis(366 sides) who had undergone endoscopic sinus surgery were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. The incidence and radiologic features of NDLP, and the association NDLP with anatomical variations of paranasal sinus and nasal cavity were analyzed. RESULTS: The NDLP was found in 18 patients(9.8%, n=183 patients) or 22 sides(6.0%, n=366 sides). The most common site of NDLP was superior portion(45.5%) in coronal image of paranasal sinus CT scans and anterior ethmoid sinus area(68.2%) in axial image. Grade 1 of NDLP(86.4%) was observed most commonly. NDLP was not associated with anatomical variations of paranasal sinus. CONCLUSION: The incidence of NDLP with prolapse of orbital content is far beyond general expectation, and close preoperative evaluation of paranasal sinus CT scans is important to avoid possible orbital complications.
Ethmoid Sinus ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intraoperative Complications ; Nasal Cavity ; Orbit* ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Prolapse* ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The eradication rates of Helicobacter pylori infection have been reported to have decreased over the years due to antibiotics resistance. The aim of this study is to investigate the trend of eradication rates of first-line triple therapy for H. pylori over the past 13 year period, and to evaluate factors affecting H. pylori eradication in Daegu and Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea. METHODS: A total of 2,982 patients with H. pylori infection who were treated with either 1 week or 2 weeks first-line therapy (proton pump inhibitor [PPI], amoxicillin, and clarithromycin) from January 1999 through December 2011 were included in this study. Data were collected by retrospectively reviewing the medical records. RESULTS: The overall H. pylori eradication rate was 87.2%. The eradication rates from 1999 to 2011 fluctuated between 78.0% and 95.7%, but no definite evidence of a decreasing tendency was seen over the 13 year period (p=0.113). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the eradication rate according to the duration of therapy (p=0.592). However, there was a significant difference in the eradication rate among various PPIs (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: There was no decreasing trend in the H. pylori eradication rate over the past 13 years in Daegu and Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea. There also was no difference in the eradication rates depending on duration of therapy. However, a significant difference was noted among various PPIs.
Adult ; Aged ; Amoxicillin/therapeutic use ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/*therapeutic use ; Clarithromycin/therapeutic use ; Disease Eradication/*trends ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; Esomeprazole/therapeutic use ; Female ; Helicobacter Infections/*drug therapy/pathology ; *Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Omeprazole/therapeutic use ; Proton Pump Inhibitors/*therapeutic use ; Rabeprazole/therapeutic use ; Republic of Korea ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome