To evaluate the efficacy of transdermal scopolamine patch in reducing nausea and vomiting associated with general anesthesia, we studied 60 healthy women undergoing major gynecologic surgery. The patients were divided into 2 groups. Each group was composed of 30 patients. Group I; not applied a transdermal scopolamine patch. Group II: applied one transdermal scopolamine patch on the skin behind her ear at the night before surgery. Anesthesia was induced by thiopental sodium(5 mg/kg) and succinylcholine(1.5 mg/kg) and maintained with fentanyl(3-6 ug/kg), enflurane(0.5-1.5 vol%) and nitrous oxide(50 vo1%) in oxygen. A comparison with Group I and Group II indicated that the transdermal scopolamine patch reduced the incidence of postoperative nausea or vomiting associated with general anesthesia significantly(Group I; 36.67%, Group II; 13.33%, p<0.05).
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General* ; Antiemetics ; Ear ; Female ; Gynecologic Surgical Procedures ; Humans ; Incidence ; Nausea* ; Oxygen ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting ; Scopolamine Hydrobromide* ; Skin ; Thiopental ; Vomiting*

Palisaded, encapsulated neuroma is characterized clinically by a solitary, slowly-growing and dome-shaped papule or nodule, usually accompanied by telangiectasia on the surface, and histopathologically by an encapsulated nodule in the dermis and the palisading arrangement of nuclei. A 57-year-old female patient presented with a 1cm-sized, solitary nodule on the right ala nasi which had been present for about 5 years. The nodule had a tendency to slow growth and it became a polypoid nodule. Telangiectasia was shown on the surface of the lesion. Histopathlogical findings showed a well-defined and encapsulated nodule in the dermis, composed of spindle cells with basophilic and plump nuclei in a palisading fashion. On immunohistochemical staining, the tumor cells of the nodule were positive for S-100 protein, while the capsule of the nodule was negative for S-100 protein. Epithelial membrane antigens were focally positive only on the capsule of the nodule. We report herein a case of palisaded, encapsulated neuroma, one case of which has been reported in Korea.
Basophils ; Dermis ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Middle Aged ; Mucin-1 ; Neuroma* ; S100 Proteins ; Telangiectasis

This research has been done in order to improve quality of nursing and medical service. In order to improve those qualities the study has been done to know inpatient perception of kindness and meaning of kindness which patients receive from nurse and also what effect inpatient have when they experience kindness from nurse. The subjects were 454 people who admitted in K Hospital. Time period was from October to December 1995. This survey has been done by personal interview with a written questionnaire. Analysis of data has been done by X2-test and percentage. The results of the research may be summarized as follows. 1. The inpatients perception of kindness on nurse were explanation(26.8%), tolerance(16.3%), warm-heartedness(12.8%), interest(9.5%), ability(8.4%), confidence(6.4%), respect(4.0%), support(2.65%). 2. In order to find out general meaning of kindness, study classified by age, sex, education, job, experience of hospitalization, inpatient ward. As a result of X2-test, no special meaning of kindness was presented in inpatient perception of kindness. 3. Contents kindness which inpatient experienced were, warm-heartedness(23%), understanding(18.1%), interest(17.8%), ability(12.8%), tolerance(5.7%), confidence(2.6%). 4. Over half of subjects(59.1%) answered stability to effect on kindness of Nurse. Next are self-confidence(7.9%), respect(5.3%), confidence(4.6%), warm-heartedness(3.5%), understanding(2.6%). According to above results inpatient feels that meaning of kindness were explanation, tolerance, warm-heartedness. This meaning has no distinctive difference other than consistent meaning. Likewise, inpatient experience about contents of kindness is similar to meaning of kindness. As a result of this research, which show that kindness of nurse gives patient stability, respect and confidence, we would kindness is important for recovery of inpatient. Therefore, this research outcome could be able to help to improve quality of nursing and medical service.
Education ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Inpatients* ; Nursing ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell*

No abstract available.
Ectopia Cordis*

The Purposes of this study were to understand the types of appellations used by nurses and doctors for patients in a hospital and to analyze satisfaction and reason about appellation for patient. This would enable us to provide basic data on culturally suitable appellations for admitted patients. 454 Patients at K University hospital in Seoul were subjects for this study. Subjects were interviewed individually using a questionnaire and frequency X2-test. Results are as follows. 1. The most frequently used type of appellations in hospitals was '-ssi ; -sir' used by 88.1% of the nurses and 83.9% of the doctors. About 3 quaters of the medical staff used '-ssi' while none used job position. 2. 93.2% of the patients were satisfied with the appellations used by nurses and 93.0% of the patients were satisfied with the appellations used by the doctors 43.7% didn't think appellations were important and 44.3% thought it natural to use the appellation. The most satisfactory form of appellation used by nurses was '-ssi' to 93.3% of patients. All were satisfied with '-nim ; -sir', '-teacher' and there was no statistically significance. On the other hand, the level of satisfaction and the appellation used by doctors showed a relationship(X2=19.72, p=.000). Every patient was satisfied with '-nim' and '-teacher' but 19.9% were dissatisfied with the others of appellations. 3. Most patients preferred to be called '-ssi' by nurses(77.3%) and doctors(78.7%) respectively. The dominant reason being accuracy(45.8%), naturalness(33.9%) for nurses and 43.8% and 45.4% respectively for doctors. 4. The relationship between the type of appellations requested of nurses and general characteristics showed that age(X2=83.91% p=.000), level of education(X2=33.35 p=.000), and occupation(X2=38.22 p=.033) were related to the type of appellation. The type of appellation requested of doctors was related to the age(X2=72.56 p=.000), level of education(X2=30.01 p=.000), and occupation(X2=42.90 p=.010). Generally, '-ssi' was requested of doctors and nurses, but lower age group or higher age group(over 61), those in elementary schools or elementary school graduates and students preferred being called by their first names or grandfather, grandmother. From the results above, we can see that the most general type of appellation used for patients by the medical staff is '-ssi' and most patients were satisfied with the appellation but, the reason being that such appellations were accepted without concern. This shows that most are not adequately satisfied with the appellation. Only a small number of people use '-nim' and '-teacher' but is the preferred and frequently used types of appellation. Therefore, a continuous research of appellations used for patients with patients using '-nim' and an investigation with nurses' opinions of appellations for patients as the subject are required.
Hand ; Humans ; Medical Staff ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Seoul

BACKGROUND: The main factor limiting the increase in brain dead organ donors is low consent rates for organ donation. METHODS: This study is a retrospective analysis of donor records of Korea Organ Donation Agency from 2013 to 2015. Factors related before providing information about organ donation and process of explaining organ donation were analyzed. RESULTS: Donor gender, marital status, religious affiliation, residence area, knowledge of patients' wishes, understanding of brain death status, and the referring system, providing initial information about donation and initial medical staff providing information about donation had a significant influence on decision to donate. Organ donation greatly increased when the donor family knew the patient's intent to donate. As the degree of family understanding of brain death status and the referring system increased, organ donation rate significantly increased. CONCLUSIONS: Providing sufficient information about brain death during the period of delivering medical services as well as activating campaign and public education are essential to improving the positive attitude toward organ donation.
Brain Death ; Education ; Humans ; Korea ; Marital Status ; Medical Staff ; Retrospective Studies ; Tissue and Organ Procurement* ; Tissue Donors

Burkholderia cepacia is an aerobic gram-negative rod that causes healthcare-associated infections through contaminated disinfectants, fluids, and medical equipment. This bacterium shows resistance to various antibiotics. For this reason, available therapeutic antimicrobial agents are limited, and the optimal antimicrobial therapeutic regimen was still not well-determined in the case of infective spondylitis. We experienced a case of B. cepacia bacteremia with infective spondylitis and paraspinal abscesses which did not respond to carbapenem monotherapy, but was did respond to ceftazidime and sulfamethoxzaole/trimethoprim combination therapy.
Abscess ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Anti-Infective Agents ; Bacteremia ; Burkholderia ; Burkholderia cepacia ; Ceftazidime ; Disinfectants ; Spondylitis ; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination

One of the most frequent structural chromosomal anomaly is t(8;21)(q22;q22) that occurs in approximately 5-15% of all acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, t(3;21)(p21;q22) and t(2;11)(q31;p15) translocations are rarely reported in AML. Here, we report a unique case of AML with two translocations, t(3;21;8)(p21;q22;q22) and t(2;11)(q31;p15). Using multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, we identified a RUNX1-RUNX1T1 fusion gene. Following a second relapse, the patient did not respond to therapy and died 55 months following the first diagnosis. We believe that this is the first case describing concurrent chromosomal aberrations involving three-way t(3;21;8) and two-way t(2;11) translocations in de novo acute myeloid leukemia.
Chromosome Aberrations* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Recurrence ; Reverse Transcription

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Tetanus is a fatal disease and various complications affect its prognosis. In Korea, tetanus cases have been reported, but no studies, thus far, have examined its complications. We investigated the complications of tetanus and analyzed the risk factors for nosocomial pneumonia, one of most common complications of tetanus. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical features, treatment, and complications of 42 patients diagnosed with tetanus at Chonnam National University Hospital from January 1999 through June 2008. The severity of tetanus was assessed using the APACHE II and Ablett scores. We compared two groups, one with nosocomial pneumonia and the other without it, and analyzed the risk factors for nosocomial pneumonia. RESULTS: Forty-two patients (13 men, 29 women) were enrolled. Only three of them had received a primary tetanus vaccination; the others had not received primary or booster vaccinations. Twenty-one patients needed mechanical ventilation. The most common infectious complication was pneumonia (47.4%), followed by blood stream (15.8%) and urinary tract (13.2%) infections. Regarding noninfectious complications, dysautonomia was also common, including fluctuating blood pressure (31.6%), arrhythmias (26.3%), and cardiac arrest (7.9%). Nosocomial pneumonia was associated with autonomic disturbance (OR=32.0, 95% CI 1.9-524.2; p=0.005) and length of stay in the intensive care unit (OR=1.145, 95% CI 1.02-1.29; p=0.024) in the multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS:Careful monitoring and treatment of complications are essential in managing tetanus, along with specific therapy for tetanus itself. Education and tetanus immunization are important for preventing the disease, especially in high-risk areas.
APACHE ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Blood Pressure ; Heart Arrest ; Humans ; Immunization ; Incidence ; Intensive Care Units ; Korea ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Multivariate Analysis ; Pneumonia ; Primary Dysautonomias ; Prognosis ; Respiration, Artificial ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Rivers ; Tetanus ; Urinary Tract ; Vaccination