Two cases of congenital multiple joint laxity are reported here. One was a 18-year-old boy, in whom the hypermobility of the joints was striking that 4 criterias (Carter & Wilkinson, 1964) could be observed. The other was a 18-year-old male who showed positive findings in three of the five diagnostic criterias. In both no familiar occurrence was noted.
Adolescent ; Humans ; Joint Instability ; Joints ; Male ; Strikes, Employee

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: It is not clear how to make a stable bonding between zirconia ceramic and resin cement. And the study about surface treatment of zirconia ceramic or bonding resin cement are not enough. PURPOSE: To measure and compare the shear bond strength of some resin cements on zirconia ceramic after different surface treatments. MATERIAL AND METHOD: 48 ceramic discs were made of 3 ceramic materials, zirconia ceramics Zi-Ceram), heat-pressed ceramics (IPS Empress 2) and slip cast alumina ceramics (In-Ceram). According to the surface treatments of ceramic specimens and resin cements, specimens were classified into 6 groups and each group was composed of 8 specimens. For the surface treatment of Zi-Ceram group (test group), sandblasting and diamond bur preparation were applied and Superbond C&B and Panavia F were bonded respectively. For IPS Empress 2 group (control group), Variolink II was bonded after sandblasting, acid etching, silanization and for In-Ceram ALUMINA group (control group), Panavia F was bonded after sandblasting. After storing specimens in distilled water for 24 hours, the shear bond strength was measured by the universal testing machine. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: 1. Zi-Ceram group with Superbond C&B cement showed higher bond strength than with Panavia F cement regardless to the surface treatments (p<0.05). 2. In Zi-Ceram group with Superbond C&B cement, sandblasting treatment group (12.1MPa) showed higher bond strength than diamond bur treatment group (7.7MPa) (p<0.05). In Zi-Ceram group with Panavia F cement, there were no significant differences in the bond strength according to the surface treatments (p>0.05). 3. Zi-Ceram group with sandblasting and Superbond C&B cement (12.1MPa) showed the highest bond strength. The bond strength of this group was not significantly different from In-Ceram ALUMINA group (10.4MPa) (p>0.05) and lower than IPS Empress 2 group (15.9MPa) (p<0.05).
Aluminum Oxide ; Ceramics* ; Dental Instruments ; Resin Cements* ; Water

Nedocromil sodium is an anti-inflammatory medication for the treatment of mild to moderate asthma. The most common side effect of the nedocromil sodium is an unpleasant and bitter taste. However it is rare, less than 3%, to stop the treatment because of this side effect. Other side effects includes cough, headache, throat irritation and nausea which are reported as mild and transient. A 7-year-old female had a severe headache and dizziness during the treatment of asthma with nedocromil sodium. The symptoms subsided after nedocromil sodium was replaced by budesonide. We experienced a case of a severe headache and dizziness due to nedocomil sodium that lead to withdraw of the nedocromil sodium.
Asthma ; Budesonide ; Child ; Cough ; Dizziness* ; Female ; Headache* ; Humans ; Nausea ; Nedocromil* ; Pharynx ; Sodium

PURPOSE: This study was performed to find out the role of routine lumbar puncture in children presented with their first seizure with Fever. METHODS: This study included 220 children, over a 5 year period, from April 1999 to March 2003, who visited or were admitted at Dae Dong Hospital with their first febrile convulsion. Lumbar puncture was performed in all children. We analyzed their age, family history, type of seizure, duration of seizure, cause of fever, and the results of lumbar puncture. RESULTS: In the sex distribution, males(58.6%) outnumbered females(41.4%) and the ratio was 1.2:1. 81.7% of the patients had febrile convulsion from 6 months- to 3 years of age(P<0.05). 30.5% also had family history of febrile convulsion. The types of seizure were generalized tonic-clonic(72.7%), generalized tonic(17.7%), and generalized clonic(6.4 %). For the duration of seizure, 90.4% of the patients were estimated less than 15 minutes(P<0.05). The causes of fever were pharyngotonsilitis(40.5%), gastroenteritis(19.1 %), pneumonia or bronchitis(13.2%), meningitis(11%), otitis media, urinary tract infection, and exanthem subitum. However, 9.1% of the patients were diagnosed meningitis, with 18 of 20 patients under 3 years of age. CONCLUSION: In the first seizure with fever, lumbar puncture is a useful method for meningitis, especially under 3 years of age.
Child* ; Exanthema ; Fever* ; Humans ; Meningitis ; Otitis Media ; Pneumonia ; Seizures* ; Seizures, Febrile ; Sex Distribution ; Spinal Puncture* ; Urinary Tract Infections

There are many studies on the neurobehavioral symptoms due to organic solvent exposure using questionnaire. However there is little published evidence on validity and reliability of the questionnaire on the neurobehavioral symptoms. In present study, the authors tested the validity and reliability of our questionnaire, which was designed for screening neurobehavioral disturbance in organic solvent exposer. Questionnaire was administered to the workers of one paint manufacturing plant and one coil manufacturing plant. In order to evaluate validity of the questionnaire, the average questionnaire scores of two plants were compared. The average score of paint manufacturing plant were higher than that of coil manufacturing plant and the difference was statistically significant. After adjustment of age, duration of employment, education, smoking history and alcohol consumption, significance was maintained. Test-retest reliability was evaluated by kappa statistics. More than 50% of question items showed values of kappa above 0.4, Cronbach coefficient alpha whoch reflects internal consistency of the questionnaire was 0.86. Overall the data showed that validity and reliability of the questionnaire were generally acceptable.
Alcohol Drinking ; Education ; Employment ; Mass Screening ; Paint ; Plants ; Questionnaires* ; Reproducibility of Results* ; Smoke ; Smoking

Gallstone ileus is a well-known complication of cholelithiasis, but is relatively rare. Most ectopic gallstones are located in the small bowel; they are rarely found in the stomach and duodenum. We describe the imaging findings of a case of intragastric gallstone, as well as a case in which duodenal obstruction was caused by a large gallstone (Bouveret's syndrome).
Cholelithiasis ; Duodenal Obstruction ; Duodenum ; Gallstones* ; Ileus ; Stomach

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension, a syndrome of obscure origin, occurs particularly in fat adolescent girls and young women. The usual symptoms are headache, blurred vision, a vague dizziness, horizontal diplopia and transient visual obscurations etc., and ophthalmoscopic examination reveals papillederma, due to increased ICP. Visual field testing usually shows slight peripheral constrictions with enlargement of the blind sports. CSF pressure is elevated in the range of 250 to 450 mm of water. Radiological or the other laboratory tests show no specific abnormalities. Treatment for idiopathic intracranial hypertension is focused on early detection and prevention of vision loss, the only permanent morbidity. Many different modes of medical treatment, including weight reduction, repeated lumber puncture, corticosteroids, diuretics, glycerol or carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, have successfully been tried up to 90% of the patients. In the remaining patients, particularly in those with measurable impairment of vision that does not respond to conventinal medical therapies, surgical procedure should be considered. We report a case of idiopathic intracranial hypertension successfully treated with optic nerve sheath fenestration.
Adolescent ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors ; Constriction ; Diplopia ; Diuretics ; Dizziness ; Female ; Glycerol ; Headache ; Humans ; Optic Nerve* ; Pseudotumor Cerebri* ; Punctures ; Sports ; Visual Field Tests ; Water ; Weight Loss

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Melena*

Choledochal cyst is a congenital anomaly with classic triad of abdominal pain, jaundice and right upper abdominal mass. Bile peritonitis caused by cyst rupture is relatively not rare in infancy. The mechanism of rupture must be epithelial irritation of the biliary tract by refluxed pancreatic juice caused by pancreatico-biliary malunion associated with mural immaturity in infancy, rather than an abnormal rise in ductal pressure or congenital mural weakness at a certain point. We experienced a case of bile peritonitis caused by spontanenous rupture of choledochal cyst in a 10-month-old girl presented with abdominal distension, persistent fever, diarrhea, irritability and intractable ascites. She was presumed as having bile peritonitis by bile colored ascitic fluid with elevated bilirubin level and diagnosis was made by 99mTc DISIDA hepatobiliary scan showing extrahepatic biliary leak. The perforated cyst was surgically removed and the biliary tree was reconstructed with a Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy.
Abdominal Pain ; Ascites ; Ascitic Fluid ; Bile* ; Biliary Tract ; Bilirubin ; Choledochal Cyst* ; Diagnosis ; Diarrhea ; Female ; Fever ; Humans ; Infant* ; Jaundice ; Pancreatic Juice ; Peritonitis* ; Radionuclide Imaging* ; Rupture ; Rupture, Spontaneous* ; Technetium Tc 99m Disofenin

PURPOSE: The increased prevalence of childhood asthma in Korea from 3.4% in 1964 to 15% in 1995 might be very important for morbidity and mortality in children. Recognition of this led to consider the necessity of new management strategies emphasizing patient education. We developed the educational program including asthma-specific play game called 'Malgunsum asthma game' to improve the child's interest and evaluated its educational effect. METHOD: Twenty asthmatic children between the age seven to fifteen were attended Malgunsum Asthma Camp. The Children were randomly assigned to 5 groups, and each player had to move the horse by answering the questions on the card. The first one who reaches the goal wins the game. RESULTS: All the children well followed the play rule and were interested to the game. CONCLUSION: This educational game model will achieve better control of asthma by leading the patients to understand the nature of asthma, how to identify and control the aggravating factors, how to recognize symptoms and appropriate steps for asthma, and the importance of daily maintenance therapy with anti-inflammatory medications.
Asthma* ; Child ; Horses ; Humans ; Korea ; Mortality ; Patient Education as Topic ; Prevalence