Although reduced expression of CD82 transmembrane protein facilitates metastasis of cancer cells, little is known about its biological function. Here we have investigated the role of CD82 in B cell lymphocyte adhesion. When IM-9 cells were engaged with anti-CD82 monoclonal antibody, they formed homotypic aggregates in a short time. This adhesion was inhibited by anti-CD11a monoclonal antibody that has been known to block LFA-1-mediated cell adhesion. The cell surface expression of LFA-1 has not been changed by CD82 engagement. Homotypic aggregation was decreased in the cells in which the level of CD82 expression was low, and it was not recovered by anti-CD99 monoclonal antibody or PMA that has been known to stimulate cell adhesion. In addition, it was recovered by Mg++ treatment that induces conformational change of LFA-1 moleucles, but not by Ca++ treatment that leads to clustering of LFA-1 on the cell surface. CD82-induced cell aggregation was dramatically abrogated by addition of the phos-phatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K) inhibitor LY294002 or p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor SB203580. Taken together, these results suggest that CD82 molecule may fascilitate adhesion of lymphocytes by inducing conformational change of LFA-1 to pro-adhesive structure through PI3-K or p38 MAPK signal pathway.
Cell Adhesion ; Cell Aggregation ; Cell Line* ; Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1 ; Lymphocytes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; Protein Kinases ; Signal Transduction

Fracture of the scaphoid constitute 60% to 70% of all diagnosed carpal injury. The acute fracture will heal approximately 90% of the time if recognized early and properly immobilized. But nonunion are common since the symtoms do not alert patients to seek early medical treatment and the diagnosis is easily missed. Authors have experienced 19 cases of scaphoid nonunion and accomplished good result in all case by Russe procedure. The results were summerized as follow: 1 The cause of fratures was mainly due to fall down dinjury (36.8%). 2. The most common mechanism of the fracture was fall on the outstretched hand (52.7%). 3. Fractures were shown on the anterior-posterior, lateral and billiards view in all cases. 4. In ten cases, the fractures were found on the waist of scaphoid. 5. The cases of nonunion were probably inadequate intial treatment and delayed diagnosis. 6. The good results were obtained by bone graft according to Russe procedure.
Delayed Diagnosis ; Diagnosis ; Hand ; Humans ; Transplants

Ganglia are ubiquitous but periosteal ganglion is rare. This case is presented showing an unusual radiological picture. The radiological picture with honey combed appearance is striking. Previaus reports have stressed the concavity in the cortex. Histologically the structure is identical to that of soft tissue ganglia.
Animals ; Comb and Wattles ; Ganglia ; Ganglion Cysts ; Honey ; Strikes, Employee

This study was designed to provide a evidence that adenosine-mediated activation of protein kinase C and K(ATP) channel was a important step on the cardioprotection mechanism of ischemic preconditioning (IP). Isolated Langendorff-perfused New Zealand White rabbit hearts were subjected to 45 min of global ischemia (I) and 120 min reperfusion (R) with or without IP. IP was induced by a single dose of 5 min I and 10 min R. Part of the IP hearts was treated with non-specific adenosine receptor blocker 8-sulfophenyltheophylline (SPT; 100 micromol) and K(ATP) channel blocker glibenclamide (10 micromol) 5min before IP, respectively. To determine the effect of IP, we measured the left ventricular function, infarct size, adenosine concentration in the coronary flow and total protein kinase C activity. PKC activity was determined by (32)P-gamma-ATP incorporation into PKC specific peptide. IP enhanced improvement of functional recovery and caused a decrease in the infarct size from 19.9+/-0.05% in the ischemic-control group to 5.5+/-1.39% in the IP group (p<0.05). In the SPT- and glibenclamid-treated hearts, however, these anti-ischemic effect was disappeared. Adenosine release from the cardiac tissue was abruptly increased to 10~20 folds baseline just after IP. Cytosolic PKC activity decreased significantly in the IP hearts, while in the membrane fraction, activity was increased (45 min I, p<0.05; 120 min R, p<0.01). In the SPT-treated hearts, IP did not make those activity changes of PKC. These data suggest that adenosine induced the anti-ischemic effect via PKC activation. And it also show that K(ATP) channel may work on the protection as a final effector.
Adenosine* ; Cytosol ; Glyburide ; Heart* ; Ischemia ; Ischemic Preconditioning* ; Membranes ; New Zealand ; Protein Kinase C ; Receptors, Purinergic P1 ; Reperfusion ; Ventricular Function, Left

No abstract available.
Adenosine Deaminase* ; Adenosine* ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid* ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage* ; Humans ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*

This study aimed to develop and implement a progressive e-learning teaching method in the teaching of human anatomy. For analysis of the effect of new teaching methods, we made a survey of user satisfaction, content difficulty, and course management. The e-learning content was developed by the authors and implemented to class, practice, and tests, for 16 weeks. The survey was conducted on sophomores of nursing science (NS, n=42) and sports science (SS, n=26), at Kangwon National University. These two groups of students filled out a questionnaire related to effectiveness of e-learning content and tool in learning human anatomy. The results were compared between two groups. The majority of the students were satisfied with the content, difficulty level, and management of the e-learning course. Through the board of virtual classroom, all of the students played positive manners in communication and activity. Students pointed out 'reinforcement of multimedia data', 'improvement of technical service' and 'addition of broad information' as the most notable improvements of content. Therefore, we conclude that an e-learning course for undergraduate nursing science and sports science students can provide an effective learning model.
Humans ; Learning ; Multimedia ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Sports ; Teaching

PURPOSE: In spite of the rapidly expanding importance of the basic sciences, the number of professors teaching basic sciences in medicine has not changed in the last decade. Thus, the need for new methods of teaching and learning has increased. The purpose of this study was to develop and assess integrative lecturing in the basic sciences for undergraduate allied health sciences students. METHODS: We developed an alternate form of lecturing in anatomy, physiology, microbiology, and pathology, focusing on the gastrointestinal system. We tested several teaching strategies including E-learning, face-to-face, and practice. Students majoring in nursing (n=43), sports science (n=26), and emergency medical technology (n=35) participated and were asked to complete an anonymous survey. RESULTS: The majority of the students were satisfied with the new lecture style (86.6%). They preferred integrative lectures to traditional lectures. The degree of satisfaction with E-learning and practice were much higher than with face-to-face. Most of the students identified the knowledge of interdisciplinary relationship and participating in cadaveric dissections as the important effects of this lecture style. CONCLUSION: From this study, it can be suggested that integrative lecturing in basic sciences for public health- / medicine- related courses is effective in teaching and learning. Further studies for the development of integrative contents and system are needed.
Anonyms and Pseudonyms ; Cadaver ; Emergencies ; Humans ; Learning ; Lectures ; Nursing ; Pathology ; Physiology ; Sports

Molecular approaches, internal transcribed spacer(ITS) sequences of ribosomal DNA, and Universal Rice Primer Polymerase Chain Reaction(URP-PCR) were used to investigate the genetic diversity, taxonomic complexity, and relationships of Trichoderma species in mushroom farms. Forty-one isolates of 13 Trichoderma spp. were used in this study and clustered into eight groups. The DNA fingerprint patterns and ITS1 region sequence alignment data showed similar results, but not in some species, such as T. virens, T. atroviride, T. harzianum, and T. aureoviride. Results of this study have proven that the morphology-based taxonomic system has some limitations in terms of classification. The data obtained in this study would be a good index for classifying indistinguishable Trichoderma strains.
Agaricales ; Classification ; DNA Fingerprinting ; DNA* ; DNA, Ribosomal ; Genetic Variation ; Korea* ; Sequence Alignment ; Trichoderma*

In order to investigate biodiversity and establish identification system for Phytophthora spp. in Korea, a variety of band pattern was produced by using the URP (universal rice primer). The fingerprint patterns of Phytophthora spp. showed many common and variable fragments according to their isolates in distinct genotypes. In particular, P. drechsleri was classified into four distinct types (I to IV). P. drechsleri (KACC 40498 and KACC 40499) and P. cryptogea (KACC 40413) appeared to have almost equal bands despite their being different species. Ninety isolates of Phytophthora spp. were clustered into 13 groups based on UPGMA (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic means) analysis. These DNA fingerprinting data would be helpful for inter- and intra-species identification of Phytophthora species.
Biodiversity ; Dermatoglyphics ; DNA Fingerprinting* ; DNA* ; Genotype ; Korea* ; Phytophthora*

Earlier report showed that expression of a splice variant of CD99 transmembrane protein increases invasive ability of human breast cancer cells. Cell motility was also significantly enhanced by the CD99 splice variant expression. In an effort to identify the cellular components that mediate a signal transduction pathway triggered by the CD99 splice variant, known signal path inhibitors were examined for their effects on the motility of the CD99 splice variant-transfected MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Phenylarsine oxide, an inhibitor of phosphatase specific for focal adhesion kinase, and PP1, an inhibitor of src kinase family, significantly suppressed motility of the cells. Among different types of src transfectant clones generated, kinase-negative mutant src transfectant cells were 80% less motile than the mock cells transfected with an empty-vector, while v-src and c-src transfectants exhibited cell motility levels at or slightly above the mock transfectant. These results suggest that src and focal adhesion kinase mediate the intracellular signaling pathway of a CD99 splice variant for the induction of motility of human breast cancer cells.
Antigens, CD/*genetics ; Arsenicals/pharmacology ; Breast Neoplasms/*enzymology/genetics/*pathology ; Cell Adhesion Molecules/*genetics ; Cell Movement/drug effects ; Gene Expression ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinase/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism ; Pyrazoles/pharmacology ; Pyrimidines/pharmacology ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; src-Family Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism