Dental caries (tooth decay) is caused by a specific group of cariogenic bacteria, like Streptococcus mutans, which convert dietary sugars into acids that dissolve the mineral in tooth structure. Killing cariogenic bacteria is an effective way to control or prevent tooth decay. In a previous study, we discovered a novel compound (Glycyrrhizol A), from the extraction of licorice roots, with strong antimicrobial activity against cariogenic bacteria. In the current study, we developed a method to produce these specific herbal extracts in large quantities, and then used these extracts to develop a sugar-free lollipop that effectively kills cariogenic bacteria like Streptococcus mutans. Further studies showed that these sugar-free lollipops are safe and their antimicrobial activity is stable. Two pilot human studies indicate that a brief application of these lollipops (twice a day for ten days) led to a marked reduction of cariogenic bacteria in oral cavity among most human subjects tested. This herbal lollipop could be a novel tool to promote oral health through functional foods.
Aged ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; toxicity ; Candy ; analysis ; Child ; Dental Caries ; prevention & control ; Glycyrrhiza ; Humans ; Jurkat Cells ; drug effects ; Lactobacillus casei ; drug effects ; Mice ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Mutagenicity Tests ; Phytotherapy ; Pilot Projects ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Plant Roots ; Pterocarpans ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; toxicity ; Safety ; Saliva ; microbiology ; Streptococcus mutans ; drug effects ; Streptococcus sobrinus ; drug effects ; Sweetening Agents