Atopic dermatitis is one of the common dermatoses characterized by its chronicity with an uncertain prognosis and usually occurs in patients with a personal or familial history of atopy. There is a dearth of information on the incidence and clinical manifestation of atopic dermatitis in Korea. This study was aimed to elucidate the relative frequency of atopic dermatitis on the hospital base during 1973~1981 period, and to investigate the clinical manifestation hy analysing 333 patients with atopic dermatitis seen from March, 1981 to July, 1982 at the Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hoapital. (countinued..)
Dermatitis, Atopic* ; Dermatology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Prognosis ; Seoul ; Skin Diseases

No abstract available.
Pregnancy* ; Statistics as Topic*

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Recently Yttrium-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) has been introduced due to superior flexural strength and fracture toughness compared to other dental ceramic systems. Although zirconia has outstanding mechanical properties, the phenomenon of decrease in the life-time of zirconia resulted from degradation in flexural strength after low temperature aging has been reported. PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to investigate degradation of flexural strength of Y-TZP ceramics after various low temperature aging treatments and to evaluate the phase stability and micro-structural change after aging by using X-ray diffraction analysis and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Y-TZP blocks of Vita In-Ceram YZ (Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Sackingen, Germany) were prepared in 40 mm (length) x 4 mm (width) x 3 mm (height) samples. Specimens were artificially aged in distilled water by heat-treatment at a temperature of 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, and 225degrees C for 10 hours, in order to induce the phase transformation at the surface. To measure the mechanical property, the specimens were subjected to a four-point bending test using a universal testing machine (Instron model 3365; Instron, Canton, Mass, USA). In addition, X-ray diffraction analysis (DMAX 2500; Rigaku, Tokyo, Japan) and SEM (Hitachi s4700; Jeol Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) were performed to estimate the phase transformation. The statistical analysis was done using SAS 9.1.3 (SAS institute, USA). The flexural strength data of the experimental groups were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and to detect statistically significant differences (alpha= .05). RESULTS: The mean flexural strength of sintered Vita In-Ceram YZ without autoclaving was 798 MPa. When applied aging temperature at below 125degrees C for 10 hours, the flexural strength of Vita In-Ceram YZ increased up to 1,161 MPa. However, at above 150degrees C, the flexural strength started to decrease. Although low temperature aging caused the tetragonal-to-monoclinic phase transformation related to temperature, the minimum flexural strength was above 700 MPa. CONCLUSION: The monoclinic phase started to appear after aging treatment above 100degrees C. With the higher aging temperature, the fraction of monoclinic phase increased. The ratio of monoclinic/tetragonal + monoclinic phase reached a plateau value, circa 75% above 175degrees C. The point of monoclinic concentration at which the flexural strength begins to decrease was between 12% and 54%.
Aged ; Aging ; Aluminum Oxide ; Ceramics ; Collodion ; Dental Porcelain ; Electrons ; Humans ; Phenothiazines ; Tokyo ; Water ; X-Ray Diffraction ; Yttrium ; Zirconium

An autopsy case of holoacardius hemisomus acephalus is reported. She weighed 2,190 gm and the height was 38 cm. The head and upper extremities were absent, while the vertebrae and lower extremities were relatively well developed, but severely edematous. The heart, lungs, stomach, liver, spleen, and pancreas were missing, but the lower abdominal organs including kidneys, adrenal, urinary bladder, and genital organs were present. The intestine was blind-ended at jejunal level but opened into a normal anus. The umbilical cord had two arteries and one vein.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determinate a relationship of pelvic fracture, lower urinary tract injury and injury severity scale (ISS) in multiple organ injury patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the results collected from 54 cases with pelvic fracture associated with lower urinary tract injury during the period of 6 years. Emphasis was placed on the relationship of location of pelvic bone fracture, number of fractured rami, lower urinary tract injury and ISS. RESULTS: The most common cause of pelvic fracture was traffic accident giving the rate of 65.5% (38 cases). The highest score of ISS was 39.3 in pedestrian injury. Fracture of unilateral multiple rami was most common (29.3%). Among lower urinary tract injuries, urethral injury was most common giving the rate of 44.8% (26 cases). Among single urethral injuries, the type I injury was most common (50%). Suprapubic cystostomy was most common method (44.8%) in initial management. Complications of lower urinary tract injury were predominant in urethral injury and most common complication was urethral stricture (44.8%). Mortality rate was 5.2%. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of urethral injury is influenced by the number of broken pubic rami, but bladder injury by fractured bone site. ISS score was correlated with mortality rate.
Accidents, Traffic ; Cystostomy ; Humans ; Injury Severity Score ; Mortality ; Pelvic Bones ; Retrospective Studies ; Urethral Stricture ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Tract*

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to evaluate fracture strength of collarless metal-ceramic FPDs according to their metal coping designs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four different facial margin design groups were investigated. Group A was a coping with a thin facial metal collar, group B was a collarless coping with its facial metal to the shoulder, group C was a collarless coping with its facial metal 1 mm short of the shoulder, and group D was a collarless coping with its facial metal 2 mm short of the shoulder. Fifteen 3-unit collarless metal-ceramic FPDs were fabricated in each group. Finished FPDs were cemented to PBT (Polybutylene terephthalate) dies with resin cement. The fracture strength test was carried out using universal testing machine (Instron 4465, Instron Co., Norwood MA, USA) at a cross head speed of 0.5 mm/min. Aluminum foil folded to about 1 mm of thickness was inserted between the plunger tip and the incisal edge of the pontic. Vertical load was applied until catastrophic porcelain fracture occurred. RESULTS: The greater the bulk of unsupported facial shoulder porcelain was, the lower the fracture strength became. However, there were no significant differences between experimental groups (P > .05). CONCLUSION: All groups of collarless metal-ceramic FPDs had higher fracture strength than maximum incisive biting force. Modified collarless metal-ceramic FPD can be an alternative to all-ceramic FPDs in clinical situations.
Aluminum ; Bites and Stings ; Collodion ; Dental Porcelain ; Denture, Partial, Fixed ; Head ; Resin Cements ; Shoulder

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the diametral tensile strength of polymer-based temporary crown and fixed partial denture (FPD) materials, and the change of the diametral tensile strength with time. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One monomethacrylate-based temporary crown and FPD material (Trim) and three dimethacrylate-based ones (Protemp 3 Garant, Temphase, Luxtemp) were investigated. 20 specimens (the empty set 4 mm x 6 mm) were fabricated and randomly divided into two groups (Group I: Immediately, Group II: 1 hour) according to the measurement time after completion of mixing. Universal Testing Machine was used to load the specimens at a cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/min. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, the multiple comparison Scheffe test and independent sample t test (alpha = 0.05). RESULTS: Trim showed severe permanent deformation without an obvious fracture during loading at both times. There were statistically significant differences among the dimethacrylate-based materials. The dimethacrylate-based materials presented an increase in strength from 5 minutes to 1 hour and were as follows: Protemp 3 Garant (23.16 - 37.6 MPa), Temphase (22.27 - 28.08 MPa), Luxatemp (14.46 - 20.59 MPa). Protemp 3 Garant showed the highest value. CONCLUSION: The dimethacrylate-based temporary materials tested were stronger in diametral tensile strength than the monomethacrylate-based one. The diametral tensile strength of the materials investigated increased with time.
Acrylic Resins ; Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate ; Collodion ; Composite Resins ; Crowns ; Denture, Partial, Fixed ; Methacrylates ; Polymethacrylic Acids ; Tensile Strength

A case of Juvenile Granulosa Cell Tumor (JGCT) of the ovary with unusual pleomorphic histologic and malignant biologic behaviour is described. The tumor occurred in a 10-year-old girl and was associated with clinical features of isosexual pseudoprecosity and a marked elevation of serum estradiol. The mass manifested initially in the right ovary and subsequently involved the contralateral ovary. A multi-organ metastasis developed during a 6-month-interval despite chemotherapy. She received two operations at 6-month interval, and tissues were obtained from the tumor mass. A marked histologic difference was observed between these two samples. The second biopsy showed profound cellular pleomorphism with numerous multinucleated tumor giant cell formation and hyaline bodies. The differential diagnosis from germ cell tumor and the possible factors for the pleomorphism are discussed.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Biopsy ; Neoplasm Metastasis

Solar urticaria is a rare skin disease characterized by urticarial reactions immediately following exposure to sunlight or artificial radiation. A 24-yr-old man had solar urticaria that was activated by visible light. Positive result of passive transfer of the reactivity with the patients serum to the skin of normal recipient suggested that his condition was attributable to an allergic response. Result of reverse passive transfer studies was negative. We report a case of solar urticaria which appeares to belong to type N in the classification of Harber.
Classification ; Humans ; Light ; Skin ; Skin Diseases ; Sunlight ; Urticaria*

If orthodontists and restorative dentists establish the interdisciplinary approach to esthetic dentistry, the esthetic and functional outcome of their combined efforts will be greatly enhanced. This article describes satisfying esthetic results obtained by the distribution of space for restoration by orthodontic treatment and porcelain laminate veneers in uneven space between maxillary anterior teeth. It is proposed that the use of orthodontic treatment for re-distribution of the space and the use of porcelain laminate veneers to alter crown anatomy provide maximum esthetic and functional correction for patients with irregular interdental spacing.
Crowns ; Dental Porcelain ; Dentistry ; Dentists ; Humans ; Tooth