No abstract available.
46, XX Disorders of Sex Development* ; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital* ; Female* ; Humans

An esophageal leiomyoma is the most common benign tumor of the esophagus mainly occurred in intramural portion. Occasionaly, it is difficult to discriminate esophageal malignancy from large leiomyoma. Although F-18 FDG PET has been used for differentiating malignant from benign disease, false-positive cases have been reported. Recently, uterine leiomyoma has been reported to have relatively high F-18 FDG uptake in some patients but little is known about how an esophageal leiomyoma might be showed on F-18 FDG PET. We report a case of esophageal leiomyoma that showed high FDG uptake on PET images.
Esophagus ; Humans ; Leiomyoma

The recent introduction of chemotherapy in the treatment of gynecological malignancies has gained wide acceptance along with prstoperative and prostperative adjuvant therapy and with preradiation and concurrent chemoradiation therapy. But, the side effects of chemotherapy including bleeding and infection due to, bone marrow suppression have reaulted in delayed treatment and a reduction in the chemotherspeutic agent used. Recent efforts overcome this bone marrow suppression have led to development of the various human colony-stimulating factor indluding recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. The author investigated the clinical benefita and toxicity of G-CSF used during chemotherapy of various gynecological malignancies at the Departent of Obstetrics & Gynecology at Hanyang University between August, 1991 and July, 1992. The results were as follows ; 1. An increase in the number of neutrophils following a single injection of G-CSF was noted in 19 out of 21 cases(600~1,000/mm3 before injection, 4,500~12,000/mm3 after injection). The remaining 2 cases showed an increase after 3~5 continuous injections. 2. To assess the increase in neutrophils according to the dosage of G-CSF given, 100 and 300microgram/m* of G-CSF were injected in each trial of chemotherapy in a single case of ovarian cancer. The results were a 1.5 time increase when injected when injected with 300microgram/m*. 3. After injecting into a patient with recurrent endometrial cancer who was managed with 15gm of ifosfamide, 50gm of cis-platinum, 50gm of adriamycin and 3gm of mesna following surgery, no evidence of neutropenia could be found after 4days of prophylactic G-CSF injections. 4. Patients with cervix cancer with metastasis to the lung were first treated with GM-CSF in one trial and G-CSF in the nest. Patients treated with Gm-CSF for a period of 7 days showed leukocytosis(3,600/mm3) but the number was reduced to 1,400/mm3 after 7 days. On the other hand, patients treated with G-CSF showed an increase of 5,700/mm3 within one day and this figure did not decrease until 20 days later. 5. The toxic effects of G-CSF included on case of severe back pain was easily managed by administration acetaminophen. Others were headache, chills, general weakness and redness of the oral mucosa and injection area. Most of these symptoms disappeared within 2 days. The G-CSF is effective in neutropenia during chemotherapy thereby decreasing the incidence of treatment delay or dose reduction. It also increases the amount of chemotherapeutic agent administered and its toxicity is more tolerable making a rigid systemic chemotherapeutic regime possible.
Acetaminophen ; Back Pain ; Bone Marrow ; Chills ; Cisplatin ; Colony-Stimulating Factors ; Doxorubicin ; Drug Therapy* ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; Female ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Gynecology ; Hand ; Headache ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Ifosfamide ; Incidence ; Leukopenia* ; Lung ; Mesna ; Mouth Mucosa ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neutropenia ; Neutrophils ; Obstetrics ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

An individual may be at increased risk of acquiring an infectious disease either because of inherent host factors, such as age and illness, or environmental factors, manipulations performed as part of medical practice, or a combination of both factors. Among the exogenaus causes, especially the mode of airborne transmission in hospital infection, the authors observed the effects of UV-254 nm light on air contaminants in the intensive care unit by performing colony counts and Gram stain. The mechanism of action of UV-254 nm light on air contaminants is known to be the destruction of the microbial genetic material such as RNA and/or DNA. The results of reducing the air contaminants through the UV-254 nm light in the intensive care unit show the destruction of a broad spectrum of pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms as follows: 1) The UV-254 nm light was most effective in crowded conditions of the intensive care unit. 2) The effect was begun from one hour after exposure of the UV-254 nm light device, and low colony counts were maintained constantly up to the 12th day. 3) Among the microorganisms, the device especially reduced the colony counts of staphylococcus species.
Communicable Diseases ; Cross Infection ; DNA ; Genetics, Microbial ; Intensive Care Units ; RNA ; Staphylococcus

Phytobezoar is rare disease in the stomach and small bowel of the patient without underlying previous gastroenterologic pathology. Because it usually occurs secondarily to peptic ulcer surgery, poor mastication, diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism and connetive tissue disease. In morden medicine, phytobezoars found in the stomach and/or intestines in humans, are known to be associated with considerable morbidity and even mortality. Patients with gastric bezoar present with chronic postprandial epigastic pain, nausea, and vomitihg. It is diagnosed by endoscopic examination or radiologic study and treated by surgical removal or non-surgical methods including conservative treatment, enzymatic dissolution, and endoscopic removal. We have experienced a case of small intestinal obstruction due to a fragment of gastric bezoar of the patient without underlying etiologic cause. So we report the case with a brief review of literatures.
Bezoars ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism ; Intestinal Obstruction* ; Intestines ; Mastication ; Mortality ; Nausea ; Pathology ; Peptic Ulcer ; Rare Diseases ; Stomach

Clinical, light and electron microscopic studies of 6 cases of acute and 8 cases of chronic active hepatitis were made and results were compared. Light microscopically acute viral hepatitis was dominated by intralobular changes characterized by ballooning degeneration, random individual and small group cell necrosis of hepatocytes with mononuclear cell reaction, cholestasis and Kupffer cell proliferation, while chronic. active hepatitis was dominated by periportal and portal changes characterized by piecemeal necrosis, heavy mononuclear cell infiltration, moderate fibrosis and mild biliary proliferation. Kupffer cell proliferation with large amount of diastase-resistant PAS positive pigments and patchy reticulin condensation were noted in both acute and chronic active hepatitis, but reticulin condensation was more advanced in chronic active hepatitis. Electron microscopically, acute hepatitis showed marked changes of nucleus, RER, bile canaliculus, and decrease of glycogen content, while chronic active hepatitis showed marked changes of mitochondria with giant fomrs and intramitochondrial inclusion, increase of polyribosomes and glycogen content, and appearance of collagen bundles in the sinusoidal wall. Kupffer cell changes were very marked in both acute and chronic active hepatitis showing large numbers of dense bodies. These dense bodies in acute cases were in the form of secondary lysosomes while they were residual bodies in chronic cases. A case which showed ground glass appearing cytoplasm by light microscopy showed massive fibrillar and tubular structures by electron microscopy. In all cases, no definite virus-like particles were observed within either the nucleus or cytoplasm. From the data, it was evident that distinction between acute and chronic active hepatitis is more clearly made with light microscopy, and the ultrastructural changes of intralobular lesions showed more similarities than differences. The meaning of minor ultrastructural differences is not clear and further evaluation is desirable. Clinically, acute cases showed higher serum bilirubin, transaminase level and hypoalbuminemia while in chronic active hepatitis serum globulin level was higher and hepatomegaly was more regularly observed.
Hepatitis, Viral, Human/pathology* ; Human ; Liver/ultrastructure*

Granuloma faciale is an uncommon localized form of small-vessel vasculitis characterized by single or multiple lesions on the face in middle-aged whites, especially males. Histopathological examination demonstrates a dense polymorphous cellular infiltrate consisting of neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes and histiocytes in the upper two thirds of the dermis. A characteristic subepidermal Grenz zone separates the infiltrate from the epidermis. We report a case of granuloma faciale, showing interesting evidence of palisaded granuloma-like pattern in the serial biopsy specimen at 3-year interval.
Biopsy ; Dermis ; Eosinophils ; Epidermis ; Granuloma* ; Histiocytes ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Neutrophils ; Vasculitis

Benign symmetric lipomatosis is characterized by diffuse symmetric deposits of nonencapsulated fat, generally affecting the cervical and upper dorsal regions. There is a history of alcohol abuse in nearly all the cases. It is rarely reported in non-drinkers. Herein we report a 63-year-old man presenting with one year's history of multiple ill-defined symmetric soft mass on posterior neck, upper trunk and upper extremities without the history of alcohol abuse. We ad-ministered corticosteroid orally due to osteoarthritis of the knee for a long time.
Alcoholism ; Humans ; Knee ; Lipomatosis* ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Osteoarthritis ; Upper Extremity

BACKGROUND: To improve the safety of the blood supply in Korea, nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT) for HCV and HIV-1 as a blood screening test has been used by the Korean Red Cross since February 1st, 2005. Until October 31st 2006, a total of 4,037,618 donor samples had been tested and 436 cases showed reactivity for HCV RNA. Only 10 of these cases showed serologically negative antibody results. METHODS: We investigated the characteristics and the follow-up results of the ten donors who showed HCV RNA reactivity and serologically negative results. RESULTS: All the ten donors were identified to be "window period" blood donors with confirmation of their seroconversion by follow-up testing. The average RNA titer of the donors was 9.21x106 IU/mL. Five donors showed high levels of ALT. One donor showed the reversed pattern on the test results for antibody and RNA. CONCLUSION: By detecting five cases of HCV "window period" infection, NAT has increased the safety of the Korean blood supply. But it is considered that NAT can not be a substitute serological test and an adequate follow-up strategy is required for verification of the accurate seroconversion time.
Blood Donors* ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Hepacivirus* ; Hepatitis C* ; Hepatitis* ; HIV-1 ; Humans ; Korea ; Mass Screening ; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques ; Red Cross ; RNA ; Serologic Tests ; Tissue Donors

Cyclin D1, a cell cycle regulator essential for G1 phase progression, is a candidate proto-oncogene implicated in pathogenesis of several human carcinomas including breast carcinoma. We studied the cyclin D1 expression in 101 cases of primary breast carcinoma tissues. The overexpression of cyclin D1 was immunohistochemically demonstrated in 34 (37.8%) of 90 cases of invasive breast carcinoma. Positive cyclin D1 staining was seen in 32 of 79 invasive ductal carcinomas, and 2 of 3 mucinous carcinomas. All 5 medullary carcinomas, 2 invasive lobular carcinomas, and 1 metaplastic carcinoma were negative. Cyclin D1 overexpression was observed in 9 of 11 ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Normal epithelial components, either ductal or lobular, were not immunoreactive for cyclin D1. No significant correlations were observed between cyclin D1 immunoreactivity and other parameters including tumor size, clinical stage, nuclear or histologic grades, lymphatic or angioinvasion, lymph node metastasis, and immunohistochemical status of progesterone receptor, p53 and c-erbB-2. The overexpression of cyclin D1 was positively correlated with estrogen receptor status (p=0.025). Based on our results, the cyclin D1 protein aberration may play a role in tumorigenesis of breast carcinoma, but does not seem to have prognostic value in invasive breast carcinoma without hormonal treatment.
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma, Ductal ; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating ; Carcinoma, Lobular ; Carcinoma, Medullary ; Cell Cycle ; Cyclin D1* ; Cyclins* ; Estrogens ; G1 Phase ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Proto-Oncogenes ; Receptors, Progesterone