To select high risk group in middle cerebral artery(MCA) infarction by comparing and analysing 10 risk factors in above patients, we analyzed 32 MCA infarcted patients and 30 case control groups retrospectively. Through the analysis of 10 risk factors(age, heart disease, blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, glucose, smoking, r-GTP, past history : hypertension or cerebrovascular accident) in MCA infarction by the times patients arrieves in emergency room by scoring system made by author, MCA infarcted patients showed score about 1.4 in 24 cases(75.00%) among 32 MCA infarction patients, and in control group, score below 1.4 showed in 28 cases(93.33%) among 30 cases. By the scoring system made by author, the higher risk grouped patients could identified more easily in emergency department.
Blood Pressure ; Case-Control Studies ; Cholesterol ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Glucose ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Infarction* ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Triglycerides

No abstract available.

Ankle arthrodesis has been regarded as a good operative treatment for post traumatic and rheumatoid arthritis of ankle, and ankle arthroplasty has been also developed with several types, from 1970, by Lord & Marotte. Ankle arthroplasty is more functional & less cosmetic troublesome than arthrodesis, and with more developed prosthesis design, more good result will come. The authors operated 6 cases of total ankle arthroplasty for posttraumatic and rheumatoid arthritis of ankle, which were also indications of arthrodesis, and introduce the results and operative problems of ankle arthroplasty.
Ankle ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Arthrodesis ; Arthroplasty ; Prosthesis Design

PURPOSE: Since 1971, Nitrofen (2,4-dichloro-4`-nitrodiphenyl ether) herbicide has been known to induce variable congenital abnormalities in rats. However, until now there has been no animal model of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) using this herbicide in Korea. Therefore, CDH in rats using Nitrofen was tried for searching on pathogenesis or using therapeutic modalities of CDH. METHODS: 20 Sprague-Dawley rats ingested Nitrofen as indicated on the 9.5th day of gestation, and after sacrificing on the 21th day of gestation. 243 offspring were harvested for the examination of diaphragmatic herniations. Dissections were made along sites of herniations to confirm the diaphragmatic herniation's site and size, lung/body weight ratio comparison as well as to accomplish microscopic radial saccular counting and evaluation of alveolar septal wall maturations and a comparision was made between the groups. RESULTS: CDH appeared in 149 of 243 offspring. CDH only appeared in the posterior portion of the diaphragm regardless of size or the side of appearance. Left sided CDH was the most common single diaphragmatic anomaly, represented in 112 offspring. Right sided CDH was next, found in 31 offspring, and bilateral CDH was seen in 6 offspring. Left sided CDH was almost always associated with visceral herniations and with pulmonary hypoplasia on the affected side, which was proved in the decreased Lung/Body weight ratio and in decreased radial saccular counts and in increased alveolar septal wall thickness in the affected lungs of CDH. In94 offspring without CDH following exposure to Nitrofen, moderate pulmonary hypo plasia was microscopically observed. CONCLUSION: Initial Rat modeling of congenital diaphragmatic hernia using Nitrofen showed results of herniation and pulmonary hypoplasia of the affected lungs acceptable for further experimental studies on CDH and accompaning pulmonary abnormalities.
Animals ; Animals* ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Diaphragm ; Hernia, Diaphragmatic* ; Korea ; Lung ; Models, Animal* ; Pregnancy ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the main physiological stimulus for human skin pigmentation. Recently, nitric oxide (NO) have been involved in mediation of skin pigmentation induced by UVB. Rutin, a flavonoid of vegetables and fruits, has antiviral and antioxidant properties. Therefore, we investigated the effect of rutin on UVB-induced melano-genesis and NO production in HM3KO cells. In this study, we demonstrated that UVB-irradiation stimulated melanin content and tyrosinase activity in HM3KO cells. Rutin suppressed UVB-stimulated total melanin content and tyrosinase activity in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, we showed that UVB-irradiation stimulated NO production in HM3KO cells. Rutin also suppressed UVB-induced NO production and repaired reduction of cell proliferation by UVB. UVB stimulation of melanogenesis was mimicked by exogenous NO donor (sodium nitroprusside, SNP), and rutin effectively suppressed it. Therefore, we concluded that rutin suppressed UVB-stimulated melanogenesis and that it is involved in melanogenesis regulation partially through the suppression of UVB-induced NO production.
Cell Proliferation ; Fruit ; Humans* ; Melanins ; Melanoma* ; Monophenol Monooxygenase ; Negotiating ; Nitric Oxide* ; Nitroprusside ; Rutin* ; Skin Pigmentation ; Tissue Donors ; Vegetables

Extraskeletal osteosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor of soft tissue. In addition, there are only several cases of osteosarcoma of the mediastinum as a primary site in the world. We report a case of extraskeletal osteosarcoma arising in the posterior mediastinum. A 54-year-old man visited our hospital because of chest pain. Chest CT showed a 12 cm sized huge mediastinal mass. The mass revealed solid and ivory-colored cut surface with multifocally ovoid cystic spaces and hemorrhage. Microscopically, the tumor consisted of polygonal stromal cells, giant cells and varying amounts of neoplastic new bone, and mitotic figures were frequently observed. There were no distant metastasis and regional lymph node involvement.
Chest Pain ; Giant Cells ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Mediastinum* ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Osteosarcoma* ; Stromal Cells ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Background/Aims: Subepithelial tumors (SETs) are small, mostly asymptomatic lesions with normal overlying mucosa, usually identified incidentally on endoscopy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pathologic diagnosis of SETs, and to assess the diagnostic yield and impact of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) biopsy on the management of patients with SETs. Materials and Methods: We included 52 subepithelial lesions in this study during the study period. Inclusion criteria included size of the SET >2 cm, and a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) that cannot be excluded using EUS. We performed an endoscopic biopsy of each SET using the ESD technique. Results: The mean diameter of the lesions was 24.15±6.0 mm. The diagnostic yield of this method was 96.15%. Among the 52 participants, 45 were located in the stomach, four in the esophagus, and three in the duodenum. The pathologic diagnoses included: 17 leiomyomas, 13 GISTs, 11 ectopic pancreases, two carcinomas, two inflammatory fibroid polyps, two Brunner’s gland hyperplasia, two lipomas, one glomus tumor, and two remained undiagnosed. The mean duration of the procedure was 13.44±2.41 minutes. Three complications were associated with the procedure. Conclusions Deep biopsy via ESD is useful in determining the histopathologic nature of SETs. This method minimizes the need for unnecessary surgery in benign SETs.

Background/Aims: Subepithelial tumors (SETs) are small, mostly asymptomatic lesions with normal overlying mucosa, usually identified incidentally on endoscopy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pathologic diagnosis of SETs, and to assess the diagnostic yield and impact of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) biopsy on the management of patients with SETs. Materials and Methods: We included 52 subepithelial lesions in this study during the study period. Inclusion criteria included size of the SET >2 cm, and a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) that cannot be excluded using EUS. We performed an endoscopic biopsy of each SET using the ESD technique. Results: The mean diameter of the lesions was 24.15±6.0 mm. The diagnostic yield of this method was 96.15%. Among the 52 participants, 45 were located in the stomach, four in the esophagus, and three in the duodenum. The pathologic diagnoses included: 17 leiomyomas, 13 GISTs, 11 ectopic pancreases, two carcinomas, two inflammatory fibroid polyps, two Brunner’s gland hyperplasia, two lipomas, one glomus tumor, and two remained undiagnosed. The mean duration of the procedure was 13.44±2.41 minutes. Three complications were associated with the procedure. Conclusions Deep biopsy via ESD is useful in determining the histopathologic nature of SETs. This method minimizes the need for unnecessary surgery in benign SETs.

BACKGROUND: To compare the diagnostic accuracies of High-resolution CT(HRCT) and chest radiography in the diagnosis of diffuse infiltrative lung disease(DILD). METHODS: This study included ninety-nine patients with a diagnosis of acute or chronic DILD, representing 20 different diseases. Twelve normal subjects were included as control. The disease state was confirmed either pathologically or clinically. Radiographs and CT scans were evaluated separately by three independent observers without knowledge of clinical and pathologic results. The observers listed three most likely diagnoses and recorded degree of confidence. RESULTS: The sensitivity of HRCT in the detection of DILD was 98.9% compared to 97.9% of chest radiography. Overall, a correct first-choice diagnosis was made in 48% using chest radiographs and in 60% using HRCT images. The correct diagnosis was among the top-three choices in 64% when chest radiographs were used, and in 75% when HRCT images were reviewed. Overally a confident diagnosis was reached more often with HRCT(55%) than with chest radiography(26%). The correct first-choice diagnosis increased remarkably when the HRCT was used in usual interstitial pneumonia, miliary tuberculosis, diffuse panbronchiolitis and lymphangitic carcinomatosis. CONCLUSION: HRCT is confirmed to be superior to conventional radiography in the detection and accurate diagnosis of DILD. HRCT is especially valuable in the diagnosis of usual interstitial pneumonia, miliary tuberculosis, diffuse panbronchiolitis, and lymphangitic carcinomatosis.
Carcinoma ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ; Lung Diseases* ; Lung* ; Radiography* ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Thorax ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tuberculosis, Miliary

The association between nephrotic syndrome and intravascular coagulation has been known for more than a century, but it was not until 1948 that a thrombotic diathesis in nephrotic patients was proposed. The prevalence of thrmbo-embolic complications is much higher in adult patients. Deep vein thrombosis of the leg is the most common complications in nephrotic adult and was responsible for one-third of the thrombo-embolic complications of nephrotic children. Arterial thrombosis occurs less frequently and is seen primarily in childern. We present a case of acute anterior myocardial infarction in a young man with nephrotic syndrome, secondary to minimal change glomerulonephritis, in which thrombosis of the proximal left anterior descanding artery was the actual cause of acute myocardial infarction.
Adult ; Arteries ; Child ; Disease Susceptibility ; Humans ; Leg ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Nephrosis, Lipoid ; Nephrotic Syndrome* ; Prevalence ; Thrombosis ; Venous Thrombosis