index (%) in unirradiated mouse skin was 11.0+/-4.3. LI was significantly increased by tape stripping to 22.1+/-4.6. 2. The number of SBC in 1cm epidermis after 50mJ/cm UVB exposure was 28.2+/-4.1. The number of SBC was increased by tape stripping to 57.4+Cell proliferation, by evaluating sunburn cell (SBC) formation, was studied in mouse skin following tape stripping and ultraviolet light B (UVB) exposun.. 1-radiation was achieved using high pressure mercury are UVB. The results are summarized as follows. 1. Labeling 19.2. These results suggest that proliferating cells are more sensitive to UVB exposure.
Animals ; Cell Proliferation* ; Epidermis ; Mice ; Skin ; Sunburn* ; Ultraviolet Rays

Dislocation of peroneal tendons are caused by forceful domifiexion of the foot accompanied by a powerful contraction of the peroneal muscles. This mechanism of injury tears the superior pemneal retinaculum and allows the tendons to snap anteriorly. It is an important, although infrequent, cause of disability of the ankle. The acute injury can be treated by immobilization in a plaster cast, but when there is chronic recurring dislocation, surgical reconstruction is necessary. Authors experienced two cases of dislocation of pemneal tendons which were treated by use of Sarmiento's and Platzgummer's(modified) operative procedures with good results.
Ankle ; Casts, Surgical ; Dislocations ; Foot ; Immobilization ; Muscles ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; Tears ; Tendons

Arthrography is an invaluable procedure in critically verifyging the concentricity of closed reduction and the optimum position of stability. And it is known to be the most accurate and certain way of demonstrating lesser degrees of incongruity. It can visualize the intrinsic obstructive fractors, such as capsular attachment, the labrum, the psoas tendon and its relationship to the joint, the pulvinar, ligamentum teres, the inferior transverse ligament, and the shape of the femoral head and acetabulum. We analyzed 20 cases of congenital dislocation of the hip in 17 patients, which had been evaluated by arthrography. The results are as follows: 1. We found the inferior approach very efficient among many kinds of arthrographic techniques. 2. Among 20 cases, 12 cases could be treated with closed reduction and 8 cases were treated by open reduction such as capsuloplasty, partial limbusectomy, and removal of space occupying lesion in acetabulum, including 2 cases of Salter's innominate osteotomy and 1 case of derotational osteotomy. 3. Among the intracapsular obstructive factors which played major role in hindering closed reduction, capsular constriction was shown in 8 case, inverted or hypertrophic limbus in 5 cases, and other space occupying lesions in 2 cases. 4. We performed combined operation including bone and soft tissue for severe extra- and intracapsular lesions and closed reduction for mild to moderate extra- and intracapsular lesions. 5. Arthrography of the hip joint was indispensable in evaluating the intracapsular osstructive lesions as well as detecting the subtle incongruent reduction.
Acetabulum ; Arthrography ; Constriction ; Dislocations ; Head ; Hip Joint ; Hip ; Humans ; Joints ; Ligaments ; Osteotomy ; Pulvinar ; Round Ligaments ; Tendons

We carried out the mouse tail technique and the Candida albicans test for the study of the phototoxic reaction to amiodarone. The mouse tail technique is based on the inflammatory response of mouse tails after systemic administration of the drug and UVA irradiation and the Candida albicans test is based on growth inhibition of Candida albicana In the mouse tail technique, following the administration of amiodarone and UVA irradia tion for 5 consecutive days, there was a significant increase(14% ) in the relative water content as compared to other control groups. In the Candida albicans test, UVA irradiation after pretreatment with amiodarone resulted in a clear Candida-free zone around the disc. The results showed that amiodarone had a phototoxic potential and that both of the methods were a good screening test for demonstrat.ing the phototoxicity of a certain drug.
Amiodarone ; Animals ; Candida albicans* ; Candida* ; Dermatitis, Phototoxic ; Mass Screening ; Mice* ; Tail* ; Water

The importance of garlic as a cause of hand eczema has been a matter of debate. Diallyldisulfide is considered as the main allergen in garlic. Twentv two antigens of the modified European standard series and diallyldisulfide of 5%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.1% in petrolatum were patch tested in 44 patients with hand eczema. Diallylclisi.!lfide was also tested in 13 women as a control. The results were summerized as follows. l. In patch testing with the European standard series, nickel sulfate (22.7%), cobalt chloride (18.2%), fragrance mix (13.6%), balsam of Peru (9.1%) and termerosal (6.8%) were the cornmon allergens which showed positive reactions. The overal positive rate was 59.1 % (26/44). 2.5% diallyldisulfide showed an irritant reaction in 6 (46.2%) out of 13 controls and in 16 (36.4% ) out of 44 patients. 2% diallyldisulfide showed an irritant reaction in 2/13 (15.4 %) in the control group and 6/44 (13.6%) in the patient group. All 13 controls and 44 patients were negative iin tests with diallyldisulfide of 1%, 0.5%, 0.1%. Our results indicate that patch testing with diallyldisulfide of 1% petrolatum is reommended in order to avoid an irritant reaction when contact allergy to garlic is suspetel. 3. Garlic is suspected as an irritant in provoking hand eczema. True contact allergy to garlic in hand eczema seems to be rare.
Allergens ; Cobalt ; Eczema* ; Female ; Garlic* ; Hand* ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Nickel ; Patch Tests ; Peru ; Petrolatum

After UV irradiation to mouse epidermis, autoradiography using H-thymidine was performed to study the effects of UV on scheduled and unschcdu ed DNA syntheses. The results can be summarized as follows. l. In case of UVB 100mJ/cm, heavily labeled cells (HLCs) representing scheduled DNA synthesis began to decrease immediately after UVB irradiai,ior and were significantly decreased after 24 hours, but then recovered after 48 hours. The ecovery was maintained from 72 hours, up to 7 days. Sparsely labeled cells (SLCs) repres inting unscheduled DNA synthesis were significantly increased from immediately after UV 3 irradiation and up to 6 hours later. Repair was present at 24 hours, and was maintained at 48 hours, 72 hours, and 7 day after irradiation. 2. In case of UVA, UVA 10J/cm did not affect DNA synthesis sign ficantly. But in cases of UVA 30J/cm and 50J/cm, HLCs began to decrease immediately after UVA irradiation and were significantly decreased for 24 hours. Recovery occured at 48 hours, and was maintained from 72 hours up to 7 days. SLCs were significently increased immediately after and up to 6 hours after UVB irradiation. Repair generally occurred after 24 hours, and was maintained at 48 hours, 72 hours, and 7 days after ir rad ation.
Animals ; Autoradiography ; DNA* ; Epidermis ; Mice*

Four cases of acrokeratoelastoidosis are reported. All four patients had symmetrically situated asymptomatic keratotic plaques along the margin of first interdigital space of the hand, The patients were all elderly korean farmers. Elastic stain showed aggregated thickened black elastotic materials occupying mainly the upper dermis. Epidermis showed marked hyperkeratosis and acanthosis. Although this cutaneous condition is not well known to physicians in the country, we think it may be not an uncommon condition in the rural part of Korea.
Aged ; Dermis ; Epidermis ; Hand ; Humans ; Korea

BACKGROUND: There is concem about the rising incidence of skin cancer. However, few articles have reported the change in the clinical and epidemiological aspects of skin cancer. OBJECTIVE: We performed this study in order to clarifiy the recent changes in cutaneous premalignant and malignant lesions. METHODS: A statistical analysis was made using 101 cases of cutaneous premalignant lesions and 205 cases of ma]ignant tumors out of a total number of 20,175 new outpatients that visited the Department of Dermatology at the Seoul National University Hospital during a 6 year period(1990-1995). RESULTS: The frequency of premalignant lesions was 0.50% and that of malignant tumors was 1.02%. The frequency showed an increasing tendency compared to previous reports. In the premalignant lesion cases, actinic keratosis was most common and represented a figure of 82.2%. Among the malignant tumors, basal cell carcinoma was most frequent at 24.4%. Age, sex and anatomical site distribution of basal cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma was no different. The mean age of squamous cell carcinoma was greater than in previous reports and main preceding lesions were actinic keratosis and cheilitis. The frequency of lymphoma was markedly increased but the reason for this remains to be determined. CONCLUSION: Our findings showed the continous increasing incidence of skin cancers and emphasize the need for public eduacation, early diagnosis and proper treatment.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cheilitis ; Dermatology ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Keratosis, Actinic ; Lymphoma ; Melanoma ; Outpatients ; Seoul ; Skin Neoplasms ; Statistics as Topic*

Formaldehyde in adhesives is used as preseratives as well as adhesives themeseles such as phenol-formaldehyde, carbamide-formaldehyde and melarnine-forma 1dehyde. Formaldehyde content in 43 kinds of adhesives used at present in Korea was determined by lutidine method. The study result was as follows. 1. The The distribution of formaldehyde concentrations of 43 different kinds of adhesives was in the 0 to 333. 9 ppm ranges. 2. High concentration of formaldehyde was observed in 3 kinds of wall paper adhesives and 1 kind of stationary adhesive, which has an important clinical significance because of their frequent contact sources of domestic uses.
Adhesives* ; Formaldehyde* ; Korea

Iridocorneal endothelial syndrome (ICE syndrome) embraces a group of rare diseases with similar characteristics in the anterior segment, namely Essential iris atrophy, Chandler`s syndrome, and Iris nevus syndrom (Cogan Reese syndrome). The origin and pathogenesis of ICE syndrome remain unkown, but it appears that it is an abnormality of the corneal endothelial cells that is fundamental to all three conditions and leads to characteristic changes in the cornea, iris, and angle. Finding by specular microscopy of abnormal cells on the posterior corneal surface has led to the speculation of possible pathogenensis of this condition. We have experienced two patients with Iris nevus syndrome. Both cases presented with glaucoma as the chief clinical problem, and they illustrated difficult challenges in the glaucoma managemant in this disorder.
Atrophy ; Cornea ; Endothelial Cells ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Ice ; Iridocorneal Endothelial Syndrome* ; Iris* ; Microscopy ; Nevus* ; Rare Diseases