PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the reality of workplace violence experienced by emergency nurses and the relationship of violence response to professional quality of life. METHODS: The participants in this study were 899 emergency nurses from Korea nationwide. Data were obtained through an online survey done during October, 2017. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Of the emergency nurses, 72.1% recognized that workplace violence is serious. Experience with workplace violence correlated positively with violence reaction (r=.32, p < .001), burnout (r=.20, p < .001) and secondary trauma (r=.22, p < .001). Also, reaction to violence was positively correlated with burnout (r=.28, p < .001) and secondary trauma (r=.56, p < .001). CONCLUSION: Findings indicate that the diverse workplace violence experienced by emergency nurses decreases their professional quality of life. Further study is needed to develop solutions to the problem of workplace violence in emergency settings.
Compassion Fatigue ; Emergencies ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Korea ; Quality of Life ; Violence ; Workplace Violence

Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) may be observed in various types of cancer, but is mainly seen in small-cell carcinoma. It can also be caused by several chemotherapeutic agents. However, it is a very rare phenomenon in esophageal cancer or its treatment. We report here on a case of SIADH related to esophageal cancer treatment. A 55-year-old man received chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for esophageal cancer. After receiving CRT for 5 days, he complained of nausea, dizziness, and general weakness, and his sodium level had dropped to 107 mEq/L. His volume status was clinically euvolemic and there were no edema or pigmentation. After hypertonic saline infusion, the sodium level increased and the symptoms improved. There have been several reports of SIADH associated with malignancies or chemotherapy agents. However, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first Korean case of SIADH associated with esophageal cancer that occurred after cisplatin treatment.
Chemoradiotherapy ; Cisplatin ; Dizziness ; Drug Therapy ; Edema ; Esophageal Neoplasms* ; Humans ; Inappropriate ADH Syndrome ; Middle Aged ; Nausea ; Pigmentation ; Sodium

Proteins in DNAJ/K families are ubiquitous, from prokaryotes to eukaryotes, and function as molecular chaperones. For systematic phylogenomics of the DNAJ/K families, we developed the Eukaryotic DNAJ/K Database (EDD). A total of 12,908 DNAJs and 4,886 DNAKs were identified from 339 eukaryotic genomes in the EDD. Kingdom-wide comparison of DNAJ/K families provides new insights on the evolutionary relationship within these families. Empowered by 'class', 'cluster', and 'taxonomy' browsers and the 'favorite' function, the EDD provides a versatile platform for comparative genomic analyses of DNAJ/K families.
Eukaryota ; Genome ; HSP40 Heat-Shock Proteins ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; Humans ; Molecular Chaperones ; Proteins

Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is subdivided into gamma-herpesvirus and causes Kaposi's sarcoma in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. A defining feature of herpesviral biology is the presence of two alternative genetic lifestyles - a latent infection and a lytic replicative cycle. Almost all herpesviruses examined so far have been shown to express viral miRNAs in latently and/or productively infected cells. KSHV encodes an array of 15 distinct miRNAs, all of which are expressed at readily detectable levels in latently KSHV infected cells. The expression of an array of these viral miRNAs in KSHV-infected cells suggests that down-regulation of host cell mRNAs by miRNA-mediated RNA interference may represent a critical step in the establishment and/or maintenance of latent infections by KSHV. To investigate KSHV miRNAs that are expressed in KSHV-infected cells, KSHV-infected human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and BCBL-1 cells were used and their miRNAs were analyzed by a modified real-time PCR method. Some KSHV miRNAs were detected in KSHV-infected HUVECs and their expression was affected by genetic life cycles. In addition, KSHV miRNAs were also detected in BCBL-1 and their expression was not related to treatment of sodium butyrate. These results indicate that KSHV infection in cells inducing KSHV miRNAs expression would be increased upon entry into latent replication.
Biology ; Butyrates ; Down-Regulation ; Endothelial Cells ; Herpesviridae ; Herpesvirus 8, Human* ; HIV ; Humans* ; Life Cycle Stages ; Life Style ; MicroRNAs* ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Messenger ; Sarcoma, Kaposi ; Sodium ; Umbilical Cord ; Veins

Background: Scalding burn injuries can occur in everyday life but occur more frequently in young children. Therefore, it is important to develop more effective burn treatments. Objectives: This study examined the effects of bee venom (BV) stimulation on scalding burn injury-induced nociception in mice as a new treatment for burn pain. Methods: To develop a burn injury model, the right hind paw was immersed temporarily in hot water (65°C, 3 seconds). Immediately after the burn, BV (0.01, 0.02, or 0.1 mg/kg) was injected subcutaneously into the ipsilateral knee area once daily for 14 days. A von Frey test was performed to assess the nociceptive response, and the altered walking parameters were evaluated using an automated gait analysis system. In addition, the peripheral and central expression changes in substance P (Sub P) were measured in the dorsal root ganglion and spinal cord by immunofluorescence. Results: Repeated BV treatment at the 2 higher doses used in this study (0.02 and 0.1 mg/kg) alleviated the pain responses remarkably and recovered the gait performances to the level of acetaminophen (200 mg/kg, intraperitoneal, once daily), which used as the positive control group. Moreover, BV stimulation had an inhibitory effect on the increased expression of Sub P in the peripheral and central nervous systems by a burn injury. Conclusions These results suggest that a peripheral BV treatment may have positive potency in treating burn-induced pain.