Dieulafoy's lesion is a rare condition that may cause intermittent or massive gastrointestinal bleeding. It is characterized by the exteriorization of an arterial vessel into the lumen of the affected organ, generally the upper digestive tract, through an apparently normal mucosa or a small tear or erosion. We report two patients with Dieulafoy's lesions, one in whom the lesion was misdiagnosed as a submucosal tumor and endoscopic biopsy resulted in fatal bleeding.
Autopsy ; Biopsy ; Endoscopy ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage* ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Mucous Membrane

Subvalvular aortic aneurysms are rare but can be a cause of sudden death. This case report involves a 36-year-old male who died suddenly from rupture of a subvalvular aortic aneurysm with resultant hemopericardium with tamponade. He had a bicuspid aortic valve with acute infective endocarditis. A review of the literature enlightens the association between bicuspid aortic valve and subvalvular aortic aneurysm. The pathogenesis of the diseases of the aortic root will be discussed.
Adult ; Aortic Aneurysm ; Aortic Valve ; Bicuspid ; Death, Sudden ; Endocarditis ; Heart Valve Diseases ; Humans ; Male ; Pericardial Effusion ; Rupture

No abstract available.
Fibromatosis, Aggressive*

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to identify the prevalence, risk factors and clinical meanings of geriatric foot problems and to suggest implications for the future. METHODS: One hundred eighty nine elderly aged 60 and over from institution as well as community were investigated for their foot conditions by means of a questionnaire including general characteristics, self care capacity, risk factors, foot problem checklist, X-ray, podoscopy and foot scan. Descriptive statistics and chi-square-test was performed as appropriate utilizing SPSS version 14. Less than .05 of p-value was adopted as statistical significance level. RESULTS: All subjects had at least one kind of foot problem and the most prevalent ones were nail problems, foot deformities in order. Prevalence of foot pain and edema was relatively low. CONCLUSION: Foot problem in elderly is prevalent and geriatric foot is expected to emerge as one of the most important problems in the geriatric field. Therefore strategies to deal with geriatric foot should be developed and practiced for better quality of life in later life.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Foot Deformities/epidemiology ; Foot Diseases/*epidemiology/etiology ; Geriatric Assessment ; Health Status ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nails, Malformed/epidemiology ; Quality of Life ; Questionnaires ; Republic of Korea ; Risk Factors ; Self Care

Evidence indicates that hypoxia and oxidative stress can control metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells and other cells in tumor microenvironments and that the reprogrammed metabolic pathways in cancer tissue can also alter the redox balance. Thus, important steps toward developing novel cancer therapy approaches would be to identify and modulate critical biochemical nodes that are deregulated in cancer metabolism and determine if the therapeutic efficiency can be influenced by changes in redox homeostasis in cancer tissues. In this review, we will explore the molecular mechanisms responsible for the metabolic reprogramming of tumor microenvironments, the functional modulation of which may disrupt the effects of or may be disrupted by redox homeostasis modulating cancer therapy.
Anoxia ; Homeostasis* ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Metabolism* ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxidative Stress ; Tumor Microenvironment

PURPOSE: To compare postoperative recurrence rates between conjunctival autograft transplantation alone and conjunctival autograft transplantation with amniotic membrane transplantation in primary pterygium surgery. METHODS: The authors conducted a retrospective analysis of 66 eyes from 62 patients who underwent primary pterygium surgery from January 2001 to May 2009. Twenty three eyes underwent conjunctival autograft transplantation alone, 43 eyes underwent conjunctival autograft transplantation with amniotic membrane transplantation. RESULTS: Recurrence of pterygium was observed in 5 of 23 eyes that received conjunctival autograft transplantation alone. There were 2 cases of recurrence of 43 eyes that received conjunctival autograft transplantation and amniotic membrane transplantation. No major complications such as necrotizing scleritis, sclera ulcer, or corneal perforation were observed in either group after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The present study showed that receiving both conjunctival autograft transplantation and amniotic membrane transplantation in pterygium surgery has a lower recurrence rate than conjunctival autograft transplantation alone.
Amnion ; Corneal Perforation ; Eye ; Humans ; Membranes ; Pterygium ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Sclera ; Scleritis ; Transplants ; Ulcer

Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) is known to be a rare, variant type of chronic cholecystitis and more frequently found in the adults with a prevalence of 0.7 to 13.2% of all cholecystitis, moreover very rare in children. Clinically, this usually presents as chronic or acute cholecystitis associated with gallstones, but biliary colic is unusual. Although it requires surgery for management, it may accompany some difficulties during cholecystectomy and postoperative complications such as biliary fistula. It could also give rise to higher conversion rates than other diseases of the gallbladder during laparoscopic procedures. We experienced a very rare pediatric case of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis not associated with gallstones, successfully managed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy and hereby report it with literature reviews.
Adult ; Biliary Fistula ; Child ; Cholecystectomy ; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic ; Cholecystitis ; Cholecystitis, Acute ; Colic ; Gallbladder ; Gallstones ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Postoperative Complications ; Prevalence ; Xanthomatosis

PURPOSE: This study was to investigate the effect of instability on the activation of lower limb muscles during lunge exercise. METHODS: The study subjects were healthy twenties and were selected to have no orthopedic or neurological diseases. 1) Flat lunge exercise (Lunge 1, 2) Lunge exercise on TOGU (Lunge 2, 3) Holding the olympic bar and moving the lunge on TOGU (Lunge 3, 4) Holding the Surge and moving the lunge on TOGU (Lunge 4). Through the above four actions, we can see how the top-down instability influences the lower limb unlike the Bottom-up instability. EMG attachment sites were gluteus medius, vastus medialis, gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior. RESULTS: These result suggest that exercise using Lunge 4 activity was the highest in muscle activity compared to other exercises, but vastus medialis showed the highest muscle activity in Lunge 2 exercise(p<0.05). CONCLUSION This study showed the muscular activity of the lower extremities according to the lunge exercise using the instability tools.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects on cognitive function, depression, and activities of daily living of Silver-Care-Robot Program for institutionalized elders. METHODS: This study was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The participants were 42 institutionalized elders (17 in the experimental group and 25 in the control group). The Silver-Care-Robot Program was provided as an intervention which was conducted twice a week for 5 weeks. The Silver-Care-Robot Program is an integrated entertainment program to help the mental, emotional, and physical health of elderly people. Pre-test was conducted on the two groups, and, in order to examine the effects of intervention, a post-test was conducted after 5 weeks. RESULTS: There were significant differences in cognitive function and ADL (activities of daily living) between two groups after the program. But the difference in depression in the institutionalized elders was not statistically significant between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The Silver-Care-Robot Program should be considered as a regular program for cognitive function and activities of daily living for institutionalized elders.
*Activities of Daily Living ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; *Cognition ; Depression/*physiopathology ; Female ; Homes for the Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Nursing Homes ; *Program Evaluation ; Robotics ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to examine health disparities between prisoners and the general population in Korea. METHODS: We sought to estimate the prevalence of 17 physical and mental diseases using the nationwide medication prescription dataset among the total population of prisoners (n=57,541) in Korea. Age- and sex- standardized prevalence ratios (SPRs) were estimated to compare the disease prevalence between the prisoners and the general population. The disease prevalence for the general population was calculated from the prescription dataset for a representative of the Korean population (n=926,246) from the 2013 Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort. Furthermore, the prevalence of these diseases was compared between prisoners and a low-income segment of the general population (n=159,781). RESULTS: Compared to the general population, prisoners had higher prevalence of almost all physical and mental diseases, including hyperlipidemia (SPR, 20.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], 19.43 to 20.94), pulmonary tuberculosis (SPR, 9.58; 95% CI, 7.91 to 11.50), diabetes (SPR, 6.13; 95% CI, 5.96 to 6.31), cancer (SPR, 2.36; 95% CI, 2.07 to 2.68), and depression (SPR, 46.73; 95% CI, 44.14 to 49.43). When compared with the low-income population segment, higher prevalence were still found among prisoners for most diseases, including pulmonary tuberculosis (SPR, 6.39; 95% CI, 5.27 to 7.67) and depression (SPR, 34.71; 95% CI, 32.79 to 36.72). CONCLUSIONS We found that prisoners were more likely to be unhealthy than the general population, even in comparison with a low-income segment of the general population in Korea.