PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to develop an eye-health program based on social learning theory (EPST) of preschoolers and evaluate its effectiveness. METHODS: A nonequivalent control group pre-post test design was utilized and 141 six-year-old preschoolers and their parents participated (experimental group=69, control group=72) in the study. The EPST in this study included eye-health education and eye exercises. Attention, memory, replay, motivation, reinforcement, and self-efficacy were used as interventional strategies. To examine the effectiveness of EPST, proficiency in eye-health activities, refractive power, and visual acuity were measured before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed with SPSS WIN 21.0 using the Shapiro-Wilk test, χ2-test, Mann-Whitney U test and Wilcoxon signed rank test. RESULTS: Following the intervention, eye-health activities, refractive power, and visual acuity significantly improved in the experimental group compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that EPST is effective in improving eye-health activities, refractive power, and visual acuity in preschoolers, and its wider implementation in educational institutions will promise improved eye-health among preschoolers.
Child, Preschool ; Community Health Nursing ; Education ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Exercise ; Health Education ; Humans ; Memory ; Motivation ; Parents ; Refractive Errors ; Social Learning* ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the result of primary total knee arthroplasty(TKA) with using NexGen CR-Flex(R) (Zimmer, Warsaw, IN, USA) after a follow-up of at least 2 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 63 patients (98 knees) were included in this study. The same surgeon performed all the TKAs between August 2005 and May 2006 with using NexGen CR-Flex(R). The patients' age ranged from 52 to 81 years, and the mean follow-up period was 28 months. The patients were assessed clinically and radiographically with using the HSS score, the possibility that they could squat or kneel, the tibiofemoral angle, the radiolucency and the posterior condylar offset. RESULTS: The mean HSS score was 58.3 points preoperatively, and it was 91.1 points at the last follow-up. The mean range of motion improved from 123.2degrees preoperatively to 137.1degrees postoperatively. Forty-nine patients (78%) were able to squat and 24 patients (38%) could kneel down at the last follow-up. The mean tibiofemoral angle was 6degrees of varus preoperatively, and 7degrees of valgus postoperatively. And there was no radiolucency in any case. The mean posterior condylar offset was 26.1mm preoperatively and 27.2 mm postoperatively. CONCLUSION: TKA with using NexGen CR-Flex(R) showed favorable results at a mean follow-up of 28 months. Adequate patient selection, restoration of the posterior condylar offset and thorough clearing of posterior condylar osteophytes are thought to be the key elements to achieve a satisfactory range of motion after TKAs.
Arthroplasty ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee ; Knee Joint ; Osteophyte ; Patient Selection ; Range of Motion, Articular

PURPOSE: Follicular lymphoma (FL) is an indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that is highly sensitive to radiotherapy (RT). However, the effectiveness of RT has not been well established. We reviewed our experiences to assess the role of RT for FL and analyze treatment results. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis was done on 29 patients who received first RT between January 2003 and August 2013. Of 23 early stage (stage I, II) patients, 16 received RT alone, four received chemotherapy followed by RT, two received RT postoperatively, and one received salvage RT for relapse after resection. Six advanced-stage (stage III, IV) patients received RT after chemotherapy: two received consolidation RT, three received salvage RT for residual lesions, and one received RT for progressive sites. Median RT dose was 30.6 Gy (range, 21.6 to 48.6 Gy). Median follow-up duration was 62 months (range, 6 to 141 months). RESULTS: All patients showed complete response in the radiation field. Eight outfield relapses were reported. Seven patients received salvage treatment (three chemotherapy, four RT). Four patients showed excellent responses, especially to RT. Estimated 5-year and 10-year relapse-free survivals were 72% and 60%. In the RT-alone group, 5-year relapse-free survival was 74.5%. All advanced-stage patients were disease-free with 100% 5-year overall survival. Disease-specific death was noted in only one patient; four others died of other unrelated causes. No significant toxicity was reported. CONCLUSION: RT resulted in excellent treatment outcomes for all FL stages when used as a primary treatment modality for early stage or salvage-treatment modality for advanced-stage disease.
Drug Therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Follicular* ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; Radiotherapy* ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is characterized by severe headaches with or without other acute neurological symptoms, and diffuse segmental constriction of cerebral arteries that resolves spontaneously within 3 months. A 44-year-old woman underwent heart transplantation due to primary amyloidosis with heart involvement. She started to have a seizure after three hours after the heart transplantation, and her consciousness was not recovered. Computed tomography and transcranial doppler sonography were used to diagnose RCVS, and contracted vessels were recovered after oral nimodipine administration.
Adult ; Amyloidosis ; Cerebral Arteries ; Consciousness ; Constriction ; Female ; Headache ; Heart Transplantation* ; Heart* ; Humans ; Nimodipine ; Seizures ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial ; Vasoconstriction*

Huge goitor can lead to tracheal compression and hence difficulty in intubation. This is compounded by severe obesity. Failed tracheal intubation in difficult intubation is a serious event that may lead to increased patient morbidity and mortality. Current intubation rescue techniques and combination of different rescue techniques may increase the success rate of difficult intubation. In a 47-year-old female patient, with severe obesity and a huge goiter, our attempts at intubation using direct laryngoscope, video laryngoscope, and awake fiberoptic bronchoscope had failed. We succeeded by applying video laryngoscope to improve visualization of the airway and fiberoptic bronchoscope as a stylet for endotracheal tube.
Airway Management* ; Bronchoscopes* ; Female ; Goiter* ; Humans ; Intubation ; Laryngoscopes* ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Obesity, Morbid

Ataxia is presented by various etiologies, including acquired, genetic and degenerative disorders. Although hereditary ataxia is suspected when typical symptom of ataxia with concurrent is identified, it is sometimes difficult to diagnose hereditary ataxia without genetic test. Clinically, next generation sequencing technology has been developed and widely used for diagnosis of hereditary disease. Hereby, we experienced cases of genetically confirmed OPA1 mutation, which are presented with various clinical manifestations including ataxic gait and decreased visual acuity.

Two Shih-Tzu dogs with atopic dermatitis presented with delayed periocular dermatitis (PD) following the instillation of dorzolamide and dorzolamide/timolol combination eyedrops;the development of dermatologic signs took 94 and 104 d in cases 1 and 2, respectively.Hypersensitivity to anti-glaucoma eyedrops was highly suspected, and treatment was discontinued. Delayed PD was significantly relieved in cases 1 and 2, at days 155 and 64 after discontinuation, respectively. In this study, the clinical characteristics and progression of delayed PD were described to inform clinicians who may encounter this rare side effect.

Background: There has not been a thoroughly reported study of the comparison between spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) with both ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and gonioscopy on the evaluation of the iridocorneal angle (ICA) in dogs. Objectives: To investigate the diagnostic value of SD-OCT for the early detection of narrowing ICA by comparing and assessing inter-device agreement in anterior chamber angle (ACA) measurements obtained by SD-OCT and UBM, and ICA evaluations by gonioscopy. Methods: A total of 28 eyes from 28 client-owned dogs with normal intraocular pressure were included for examination. The ACA and angle opening distance (AOD) were measured from the SD-OCT and UBM images, and gonioscopy images were analyzed using the ICA grade and ZibWest angle index. Results: The mean ACA and AOD for SD-OCT were 28.31° ± 5.37° and 658.42 ± 219.90 µm, and for UBM, 28.34° ± 5.82° and 859.29 ± 221.80 µm, respectively. The mean difference in ACA between the average values of SD-OCT and UBM measurements was 0.03° with a 95% limit of agreement (LoA) span of 16.2°, indicating positive agreement; that in AOD was 200.85 µm with a 95% LoA span of 1,110.95 µm, indicating poor agreement. The Pearson correlation coefficient of the ACA of SD-OCT and ZibWest indices of gonioscopy was 0.624, indicating strong agreement; that of UBM and gonioscopy was 0.43, indicating moderate agreement. Conclusions SD-OCT is well tolerated by canine patients due to its non-contact method and might be an alternative option for early screening of ICA narrowing in clinical settings.