The purpose of this study is provide a basic data for the prevention and management of musculoskeletal symptoms in Korea seamen. 569 seamen's questionnaire had been acquired at Korea Marine Training and Research Institute from February 24 to March 31 in 1997. The results of this study were as follows; Prevalence in musculoskeletal symptom within recent 12 months was 68.5%. It was 76.3% in seamen who had graduated from colleges or universities and 56.0% in seamen who had graduated from elementary school(p<0.01). The more working hours(p<0.01), services on the vessel(p<0.01), and the less job atisfaction(p<0.05), the higher prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms were. The distribution of musculoskeletal symptoms by the part of the body was turned out as Back ; 43.6%, knee ; 23.9%, shoulder ; 19.3%. The officers had more frequency of symptom around the neck than the ratings(p<0.01) and the seamen who work at the engine room were more frequent in elbow than those at deck department(p<0.05). In the duration of pain, 55.4% were less than one week, 20.6% less than 30 days, and 24.0% 30 days and more. the cause of symptom was turned out as 34.5% by excessive hard work and 30.1% was unknown. For the treatment of the musculoskeletal symptoms, 40.3% with symptomes did not have any medical treatment, 27.6% was self-treated and 22.7% was treated at hospital. This study shows that musculoskeletal disorders are seamen's important health problem and they can not properly take medical service due to the out of home for a long period as characteristics of occupation.
Academies and Institutes ; Elbow ; Knee ; Korea* ; Neck ; Occupations ; Prevalence* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Shoulder

No abstract available.
Meningitis* ; Meningitis, Viral*

OBJECTIVE: The conceptual framework for the international classification for patient safety (ICPS) was released in January 2009. Since then, a Korean version of ICPS was developed. This paper describes the translation process and evaluates the validity of the Korean version. METHODS: Two research groups were involved in the development of the Korean version of ICPS. The draft of the Korean version was developed through intensive consultations with experts and extensive consensus building efforts. Subsequently, a modified Delphi method was used to develop the final version. Twenty-one experts, including professors in medicine and nursing, quality experts, and clinical experts, had been engaged in the process. A back translation was also done to evaluate the validity of the final Korean version. The level of agreement between the original version and the back translated version in terms of 48 key concepts was evaluated. The levels were classified as complete, partial, and no agreement. RESULTS: Thirty concepts (62.5%) agreed completely, 11 concepts (22.9%) agreed partially, and seven concepts (14.6%) had no agreement. Overall, the agreement between the original and the back translation was 85.4%. CONCLUSION: Because no standard classification currently exists for patient safety in Korea, this Korean version of ICPS can be used as a standard. However, the relevance and utility of this classification must be further evaluated through clinical field tests.
Consensus ; Humans ; Korea ; Patient Safety ; Referral and Consultation

Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy usually occurs in young or middle-aged adults and is usually bilateral. This syndrome is characterized by the acute onset of multiple, flat, yellow-white lesion of the posterior pole at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium and by the rapid loss of vision. These lesions resolve spontaneously, leaving extensive degeneration of pigment epithelium within a few weeks and visual acuity spontaneously improves in most cases. In the acute stage, fluorescein angiographic appearance of condition is characterized by placoid lesions blocking transmission of choroidal fluorescence in the initial phase, which are gradually stained and fluorescence faintly in the late phase. Older lesions represent residual defects in the pigment epithelium and appear as transmission defect without late staining or leakage of dye. Authors experienced and treated a case of acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy in 19-years old male patient, and had a good visual improvement.
Adult ; Choroid ; Epithelium ; Fluorescein ; Fluorescence ; Humans ; Male ; Retinal Pigment Epithelium ; Visual Acuity ; Young Adult

Various ophthalmic complications can occur after intranasal sinus surgery due to closed anatomic relation between orbit and paranasal sinuses. A study was undertaken to identify those patients with ophthalmic complication after intranasal sinus surgery. A consecutive series of 80 cases undergoing sinus surgery at department of ENT between Jan. 1992 and Jul. 1992 was studied prospectively. We recorded preoperative and postoperative best corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, exophthalmometric measurement, levator function, funding, lacrimal excretory function, extraocular muscle motility. Several patients were noticed a variety of ophthalmic problems after intranasal sinus surgery: 1 case of orbital hematoma and transient blepharoptosis, 2 cases of diplopia with limited duction, 4 cases of subcutaneous hemorrhage, tearing and blurring, 5 cases of conjunctival injection with chemosis, 7 cases of ocular discomfort, 42 cases of lid swelling. Orbital hematoma was treated with puncture and aspiration but other problems were recovered spontaneously within several days.
Blepharoptosis ; Diplopia ; Financial Management ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Orbit ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Prospective Studies ; Punctures ; Tears ; Visual Acuity

Exact understanding of the upper eyelids is essential to the success of an anterior surgical approach for the correction of blepharoptosis. Therfore, we undertook this study using cadaver dissection, histologic sections, surgical observations, and review of MRI findings to gain a better understanding of the anatomical characteristics of the orbital septum and associated connective tissue structures which are important in ptosis surgery. The basic distinction of the upper eyelid structures between Oriental and Occidental is the relationship of the orbital septum and the levator aponeurosis. The orbital septum appears as a thick multilayered connective tissue originating just inside the superior orbital rim, but its inferior extension become thin progressively and blends with levator aponeurosis on an average of 1.6mm below the superior tarsal horder. Therefore the preaponeurotic fat is allowed to proceed to the anterior tarsal surface, resulting in a characteristic appearance of oriental eyelids. The levator aponeurosis maintains its thick and obvious structure continuously to the anterior tarsal surface near the lower margin of the upper lid. We resected levator aponeurosis with Muller's muscle which plays a important role in lid elevation for the correction of congenital htepharoptosis, and obtained excellent results.
Blepharoptosis ; Cadaver ; Connective Tissue ; Eyelids* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Orbit

This study assessed the current concepts of pediatric elbow fractures. PubMed and Embase databases were searched for publications in English on elbow fractures. Papers believed to yield significant findings to this area were included in this review. The supracondyle of humerus, lateral condyle of the humerus, proximal radius, and proximal ulna fractures were included. Sixteen papers and textbooks were selected. Pediatric elbow fractures should be evaluated for combined injuries. Treatment should be done accurately for each fracture for the further growth of children.

Tarsal tunnel syndrome is a compressive neuropathy of the posterior tibial nerve beneath the flexor retinaculum on the medial ankle. Several intrinsic or extrinsic factors may contribute to pain over the medial plantar aspect of the foot that is aggravated by activities. In the presence of suggestive clinical features, appropriate use of radiographic and electrodiagnostic tests can be helpful. Surgical management is considered in patients who do not respond to non-operative treatment or those who have a space-occupying lesion within the tarsal tunnel. Along with surgical decompression of the posterior tibial nerve, complete removal of the causative space-occupying lesion is needed to prevent recurrence.

Behçet's disease is an inflammatory disorder involving multiple organs. Its cause is still unknown, but vasculitis is the major pathologic characteristic. The common vascular lesions associated with Behçet's disease are aneurysm formation, arterial or venous occlusive diseases, and varices. Arterial aneurysms mostly occur in large arteries. Intracranial aneurysms hardly occur with Behçet's disease. We would like to present a 41-year-old female patient with Behçet's disease who showed symptoms of severe headache due to subarachnoid hemorrhage. Brain computed tomography revealed multiple aneurysms. We also present a literature review of intracranial arterial aneurysms associated with Behçet's disease.
Adult ; Aneurysm ; Arteries ; Brain ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm* ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; Varicose Veins ; Vasculitis

The aim of this study is to investigate visual exploration of children and adolescents during dental treatment by examining time ratio of eye opening in various age groups.
This study reviewed 5 - 15 year-old patients who visited the department of pediatric dentistry of Yonsei University Dental Hospital from March to October 2018. Restorative treatment or sealant application was done by one pediatric dentist. A trained observer used 2 stopwatches to measure total treatment time and time of open eye. Average ratios of eye opening were calculated and compared.
60 patients were investigated, with 15 patients in each age group. Average ratio of eye opening increased as age decreased (p < .001). The average of 13 - 15 year-olds was significantly shorter than that of children younger than 12 years (p < .005).
This study indicated that children have higher rates of eye opening during dental treatment than adolescents.