No abstract available.
Decompression* ; Spinal Stenosis*

Glutathione (GSH) is a well-known antioxidative cellular component which is ubiquitous in nature. Several enzymes involved in GSH metabolism and recycling have been found to play important roles in detoxification of xenobiotics and free radicals. In this study, total GSH content, activity of GSH peroxidase and GSH reductase were measured in liver and kidney of cisplatin treated rats. Total GSH content (mM/g protein) of liver was higher in cisplatin treated rats (1.51±0.28) than of nontreated control (0.95±0.28), and in kidney, it was also higher in cisplatin treated rats (0.87±0.20) than that of control (0.68±0.14). The activity of GSH peroxidase (µM/mg protein/min) was lower in liver of cisplatin treated rats (348.0±18.54) than that of control (415.5±53.15), in kidney it was increase din cisplatin treated rats (380.5±51.86) compared to control (327.3±20.36). The activity of GSH reductase (µM/mg protein/min) was higher in liver of cisplatin treated rats (3.09±0.88) than that of control (2.28±0.61), in kidney it was also higher in cisplatin treated rats (8.50±2.62) than that of control (3.30±1.10). In summary, detoxification of ciplatin was revealed lesser effect in kidney as show increasion of GSH peroxidase and reductase and detoxification of cisplatin was expressed effectively in liver by increasing of GSH content and decreasing GSH peroxidase.
Animals ; Cisplatin* ; Free Radicals ; Glutathione* ; Kidney* ; Liver* ; Metabolism* ; Oxidoreductases ; Peroxidase ; Rats* ; Recycling ; Xenobiotics

Based on the theory that benign prostatic hypertrophy may be induced by androgenic effect of testosterone derivatives, especially 5-alpha - dihydrotestosterone, on prostatic tissue, Chlormadinone acetate(CMA), potent oral synthetic antiandrogen was investigated in the treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy. Twenty-two patients of prostatic hypertrophy were studied over six months period with a special reference to uroflowmetry and following results were obtained : 1) Chlormadinone acetate induced improvement of obstructive urinary symptoms in terms of uroflowmetric measurement. 2) It is very worthwhile to initiate medical treatment before undergoing any surgical intervention or when surgery is contraindicated.
Chlormadinone Acetate* ; Dihydrotestosterone ; Humans ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Testosterone

No abstract available.
Lithotripsy* ; Shock*

PURPOSE: To obtain basic anatomical data of proximal humerus of Korean adult skeleton. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-two dry humeri of Korean adults were measured with a caliper and goniometer. Measured parameters were retroversion, angle of the bicipital groove, bicipital groove-shaft angle, neck-shaft angle, diameters of the humeral head, dimension of the greater tuberosity, distance between humeral head and greater tuberosity, and length of the humerus. All of the eight parameters were measured twice. The correlations between retroversion and diameters of the humeral head, retroversion and length of the humerus, retroversion and angle of the bicipital groove, diameters of the humeral head and length of the humerus were analyzed by student t-test using SAS system. RESULTS: Retroversion was 34.2 degree with high individual variation, ranging from 17.0 degree to 50.0 degree. The angle of the bicipital groove was 36.2 (22.0-54.0) degree. The bicipital groove-shaft angle was 7.4 (1.0- 16.0) degree. The neck-shaft angle was 136.3 (120.0-150.0) degree. The superior-inferior diameter of the humeral head was 43.3 (35.5-52.0) mm, and anterior-posterior diameter was 39.9 (33.5-46.0) mm. The dimension of the greater tuberosity was 29.8 (19.0-46.0) mm, and the distance between humeral head and greater tuberosity was 7.9 (4.5-12.0) mm. The length of the humerus was 303.7 (265.0-388.0) mm. There was significant correlation between the head diameters, the retroversion, and the length, but no correlation between the retroversion and the angle of the bicipital groove. CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that high individual variation of retroversion should be considered in case of arthroplasty. The humeral head was elliptical in shape. The mean narrow diameter of the humeral head was about 40 mm. The greater tuberosity was about 30 mm in dimension, and located 8 mm inferior to the humeral head. The bicipital groove was not a reliable reference in determining retroversion.
Adult* ; Arthroplasty ; Head ; Humans ; Humeral Head ; Humerus* ; Skeleton*

Although several kinds of instrumentation systems are available for the transpedicular screw fixation in the treatment of spondylolisthesis, the clinical results and the difference between them remdins unclear. In order to study the feasibility of Zielke instrumentation system for that purpose, the author analysed the clinical results of 73 patients with mild or moderate degree of spondylolisthesis who were instrumented with the systems and followed up 25 months in average(Min. 12Ms). The results between the groups with different rod thickness in the system, 3.2mm(20 patients), 4mm(33 patients) and 5mm(20 patients), were compared to study the most appropriate thickness. Reduction of the deformity were done by aid of temporarilly applied Harrington system in 3.2mm group. Inlayed reduction potential coming from the jointing mechanism was utilized in the cases with less than 30% of slippage in 4 and 5mm group. Percentage of slippage was changed from 20% preoperatively, to 4% postoperatively and 6% at the end of follow up. The methods of fusion after reduction and fixation were anterior in 25 and posterolateral in 48. Bony fusion was achieved in all but one with pathological spondylolisthesis. Rod failures were observed in two of 3.2mm and one of 4mm group, and loosening of the joint were developed in three of 5mm group. Clinically, 93% of the patient showed excellent and good results at the end of follow up. From the results, we concluded that the instrumentation is a efficient method of treatment with several advantages in the reduction capacity and the stability of fixation. However, this system has several points in its mechanics that needs to be improved.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Joints ; Mechanics ; Methods ; Spondylolisthesis

To study the relationship between the bone mineral density measured by DEXA and QCT methods and to study the factors influencing on the value, bone mineral density in 208 patients with low back pain were measured by the two methods and compared statistically. Ages were varied between 17 to 79(Av. 46.7) years and male and female were 86 and 122. The results of this are as follows; 1. The values of DEXA and QCT showed statistically significant relationship(γ=0.58) as a whole. And bone mineral density in L2, L3 and L4 showed no difference in both groups. 2. Bone loss by aging(per year) in male and female was 0.99% and 1.06% by DEXA, 0,99% and 1.41% by QCT. 3. Body height and weight showed no significant influence of the value in two methods. 4. In body mass index over 27.5, the value measured by QCT was influenced to be diminished while that of DEXA was not influenced. 5. The value by QCT was influenced to be diminished by the increase of age especially over 50 years old in both sex. While the value by DEXA was influenced to be lowered than expected in female over 50 years old. It is concluded that the methods of measurement of bone mineral density have their limitation depend on the age, sex and mass index.
Body Height ; Body Mass Index ; Bone Density ; Female ; Humans ; Low Back Pain ; Male ; Spine

PURPOSE: MRI is known to be an effective imaging modality of the aorta and its role is steadily increasing in the evaluation of acquired aortic diseases including aortic dissections and aortic aneurysms. However, differentiation of the aortic dissections with thrombosed false lumen from the aortic aneurysm with mural thrombus in MRI has not been easy. Therefore, the authors tried to find the characteristic MR featrses which would to differentiate the two diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR images of 6 patients with thrombosed aortic dissection and 7 patients with thrombosed aortic aneurysms were reviewed retrospectively and compared in regand to shape and extent of thrombus, dimension of aorta, and luminal flow signal. RESULTS: Thrombosed aortic dissections showed sharply demarcated crescent shaped aortic wall thickening of even thickness involving long segment of the aorta, whereas thrombosed aortic aneurysms showed irregular aortic wall thickening of uneven thickness localized in the short dilated segment of the aorta. Characteristically aortic aneurysm with mural thrombus showed eccentric intraluminal slow flow signal. In contrast to the signal void of the true lumen in aortic dissections, the residual lumen of the aortic aneurysm with mural thrombus revealed intraluminal signal due to slow flow. CONCLUSION: Familiarity to these MRI findings of thrombosed aortic dissections and aortic aneurysms may lead to the accurate differential diagnosis in majority of cases.
Aorta ; Aortic Aneurysm* ; Aortic Diseases ; Diagnosis, Differential* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Phenobarbital ; Recognition (Psychology) ; Retrospective Studies ; Thrombosis

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the pregnancy outcome, designate the predicting factor of neonatal thrombocytopenia, and reevaluate the treatment scheme of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in pregnancy. METHODS: Medical records of 83 patients(98 deliveries) who were diagnosed as having ITP and delivered at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University College of Medicine from January 1990 to May 1999 were reviewed. For statistical analysis Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used. RESULTS: Among various maternal characteristics, inability to raise platelet counts more than 100,000/mm3 by any means of treatment, categorized as ""poor response to treatment"", could be designated as the predicting factor of neonatal thrombocytopenia (p<0.05). Pregnant women treated with prednisolone had significantly greater chance of having preterm delivery (p<0.001). The occurrence of postpartum anemia requiring transfusion was higher in the group undertaking cesarean section (p<0.05). Although a control group was missing, the pregnancy outcome was poor in the category of pregnancy induced hypertension(PIH) and preterm labor being 17.3% and 33.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The ITP patient should be carefully monitored during the antenatal care visits because of the increased incidence in adverse pregnancy outcome such as PIH and preterm labor. Neonatal thrombocytopenia could be predicted in the presence of inability to raise platelet counts to more than 100,000/mm3 by any means of treatment. Cesarean section should not be performed routinely under the indication of ITP due to the accompanynig morbidity and low incidence of bleeding sequalae in the neonate. The accompanying complications of prednisolone treatment raises questions and warnings about its usage, therefore a prospective study is warranted to evaluate the effect and complications of prednisolone treatment.
Anemia ; Cesarean Section ; Female ; Gynecology ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Medical Records ; Mortuary Practice ; Obstetric Labor, Premature ; Obstetrics ; Platelet Count ; Postpartum Period ; Prednisolone ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnant Women ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic ; Thrombocytopenia* ; Thrombocytopenia, Neonatal Alloimmune

Esophageal ulcers induced by doxycycline is a rare complication. These patients usually complain of sudden onset of symptoms, ie acute substernal or chest pain and odynophagia without prior hietory of esophageal syraptoms. On esophagoscopic examination, there are upper or midesophageal ulcers, which heal after diseontinuation of the drug within 2 weeks. A history of ingestion of the doxycycline,with liquid jost before bedtime can be elicited. The exact eause of the xaucosal ulceration is not clear, but a direct irritant effeet on esophageal mucosa seems most likely. We report 5 cases of esophageal uleeration secondary to the ingestion of doxycydine. Esophagoscopy revealed esophageal ulcers in all patients and the patients hecame asymptomatic following stopping of tbe drugs and taking antacids.
Antacids ; Chest Pain ; Doxycycline* ; Eating ; Esophagoscopy ; Humans ; Mucous Membrane ; Ulcer*