No abstract available.
Anemia, Hypoplastic, Congenital*

A retrospective study was made of 10 consecutive patients who underwent mandibular reconstruction with PCBM from December 1994 to July 1996. Free autogenous iliac bone in the from of particulate cancellous bone and marrow was densely packed into the crib that was adapted to bridge the mandibular discontinuity defect. Frozen-treated autogenous mandibular bone, splitted autogenous rib, and titanium mesh(Dumbach, Leibinger) were used as cribs carrying the PCBM. All ten cases underwent successful healing with the formation of a continuous bony union with the remaining mandible. The rate of resorption was assessed by sequential panoramic radiographs. The mean horizontal dimension of the madibular defects was 44mm and the mean vertical dimension of the reconstructed segments was 23mm. The bony height of the reconstructed segments retained about 90% of the bony height of over a 1-year period. We confirmed that PCBM grafts were the most successful and predictable grafts in mandibular discontinuity reconstruction.
Bone Marrow* ; Humans ; Infant Equipment ; Mandible ; Mandibular Reconstruction* ; Retrospective Studies ; Ribs ; Titanium ; Transplants ; Vertical Dimension

No abstract available.
Myxoma*

PURPOSE: To determine the efficacy of CarnitilR (acetylcarnitine, Hanmi, Korea) therapy in idiopathic oligoasthenospermic men. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-four subfertile men with abnormal semen parameters were treated between March, 2003 and March, 2004 with 3 g of CarnitilR daily for 3 months. Changes in semen parameters were evaluated 3 months after this therapy. RESULTS: The mean age was 34.2 years and the mean follow-up duration was 3.7 months. In asthenospemic patients (n=28), semen analysis before and after CarnitilR treatment showed an increase in volume (2.64+/-1.65 ml vs. 3.10+/-1.60 ml), motility (35.1+/-17.7% vs. 45.9+/-20.4%) and viability (51.4+/-20.3% vs. 59.3+/-13.6%) respectively. In oligoasthenospermic patients (n=16), semen analysis before and after CarnitilR treatment showed an increase in sperm count (10.7+/-54.4 million/ml vs. 38.4+/-32.5 million/ml) respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggested that in idiopathic oligoasthenospermic men the empirical medical therapy with acetylcarnitine may be considered as primary treatment.
Acetylcarnitine* ; Carnitine ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; Male ; Semen ; Semen Analysis ; Sperm Count

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship among hesitation factor of questions, critical thinking disposition, and problem solving. METHODS: Data were collected from 370 students at a university in D city using a structured questionnaire from April 1 to April 15, 2015. It was analyzed with frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, and correlation analysis. RESULTS: Subjects scored an average of 2.62+/-.52 for hesitation factor of questions, 3.53+/-0.42 for critical thinking disposition, and 3.44+/-0.44 for problem solving. There were significant differences in the three variables according to satisfaction with major, self-expression, and interpersonal relationships. In addition, hesitation factor of questions exhibited a significant difference between genders. Hesitation factor of questions had a negative relationship with critical thinking disposition (r=-.23, p<.001) and with problem solving (r=-.34, p<.001). In addition, there was a statistically significant positive correlation between critical thinking disposition and problem solving (r=.69, p<.001). CONCLUSION: In order to improve critical thinking disposition and problem solving, we need to generate a lot of questions to the student's inside. We also need to develop appropriate teaching methods so that this can be expressed by the actual question coming from the control hesitation factor of questions.
Humans ; Learning ; Problem Solving* ; Teaching ; Thinking*

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to identify factors affecting student adjustment to college among students in health colleges (Nursing, Clinical Pathology, Radiology, Dental Hygienics, Medicine). METHODS: The participants in this study were 261 students in Daejeon city. Data were collected from October 5 to October 14, 2014. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection and data was analyzed using the SPSS/WIN program. RESULTS: Career attitude maturity, calling and work as meaning positively correlated with student adjustment to college. The significant predictors of student adjustment to college were career attitude maturity, calling, always working part-time, major in medicine and average grade for the last semester. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that adjustment to college for students in health colleges is linked to career attitude maturity, and calling. College organization should develop a curriculum fostering a calling which will promote student adjustment to college and graduate health care professionals with desirable attitudes.
Curriculum ; Data Collection ; Delivery of Health Care ; Foster Home Care ; Humans ; Pathology, Clinical

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinical features and to assess the risk factors in the treatment of small-bowel obstructions. METHODS: This retrospective clinical report was based on the medical records of 67 patients who were treated between Jan. 1992 and Dec. 1999 and who had had a history of abdominal surgery due to cancer. RESULTS: The distribution of primary cancer was as follows: stomach cancer 36 (53.7%), colorectal cancer 25 (37.3%), uterine and ovarian cancer 4 (6.0%), and other cancers 2 (3.0%). The mean interval from the primary operation to the development of a small- bowel obstruction was 27 months. Conservative treatment produced a successful outcome in 36 patients (59.0%), but recurrences of obstruction were noted in 18 of those patients. There were 34 operations in 30 patients. The initial success rate of operative treatment was 80% (24/30), obstructions recurred in 6 patients. The causes of obstructions in the surgically treated patients were adhesion (53.3%) and recurrence of cancer (46.7%). The postoperative complication rate was 44.1%, and the mortality rate was 20.0%. The mean survival time of the patients with benign causes of obstruction was significantly longer than that of the patients with malignant causes of obstruction (46 months vs 11 months). CONCLUSION: In the treatment of such patients, conservative treatment should be considered first. However if conservative treatment fails, surgery should be done without hesitation, especially in patients with no definite evidence of recurrence.
Colorectal Neoplasms ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Mortality ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Postoperative Complications ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Survival Rate

BACKGROUND: Pneumonia is the most common cause of death among infectious diseases with community-acquired pneumonia being the sixth leading cause of death in the USA. In Korea, several studies have evaluated the prognosis of community-acquired pneumonia with a limited number of patients and risk factors. This study, evaluated all the possible risk factors (including the pneumonia severity index; PSI) in for the community-acquired pneumonia patients admitted to a referral hospital. METHODS: The medical records of patients admitted to the Chung-Aug University Yongsan Hospital between January 2002 and January 2005 for community-acquired pneumonia were reviewed retrospectively. The demographic data, comorbidity, radiographic findings and laboratory results which might influence the prognosis of pneumonia were analyzed. RESULTS: Among 179 patients admitted for community-acquired pneumonia, 29 patients died (mortality 16%). The risk factors for mortality in the comorbidity category were congestive heart failure and a myocardial infarction. The laboratory data, showed that albumin, LDH, total cholesterol, HDL, PT, aPTT, hemoglobin and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were related to the prognosis. For the pneumonia severity index, the mortality rate increased in a step-wise manner from class I through class V. CONCLUSIONS: Comorbidities such as congestive heart failure and myocardial infarction as well as the albumin, LDH, total cholesterol, HDL cholestreol, prothrombin time, activated partial thrombotin time, hemoglobin and blood urea nitrogen(BUN) are important risk factors for mortality in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. PSI is a valuable index for evaluating the prognosis of community-acquired pneumonia.
Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Cause of Death ; Cholesterol, HDL ; Communicable Diseases ; Comorbidity ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Korea ; Medical Records ; Mortality* ; Myocardial Infarction ; Pneumonia* ; Prognosis ; Prothrombin Time ; Referral and Consultation* ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors* ; Urea

BACKGROUND: High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a novel, late mediator of inflammation. This study compared the pro-inflammatory effects of LPS and HMGB1. The transcriptional factors that play an important role in mediating the HMGB1-induced stimulation of IL-8 were also evaluated. METHODS: RAW264.7 cells were stimulated with either LPS (100 ng/ml) or HMGB1 (500 ng/ml). The TNF-alpha, MIP-2 and IL-1beta levels in the supernatant were evaluated by ELISA at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24h after stimulation. An acute lung injury was induced by an injection of LPS (5 mg/kg) or HMGB1 (2.5 mg/kg) into the peritoneum of the Balb/c mice. The lung cytokines and MPO activity were measured at 4h (for LPS) or 24h (for HMGB1) after the injection. The transcriptional factor binding sites for NF-IL6, NF-kappaB and AP-1 in the IL-8 promoter region were artificially mutated. Each mutant was ligated with pIL-6luc and transfected into the RAW264.7 cells. One hour after stimulation with HMGB1 (500 ng/ml), the cell lysate was analyzed for the luciferase activity. RESULTS: The expression of MIP-2, which peaked at 8h with LPS stimulation, increased sequentially until 24h after HMGB1 stimulation. An intraperitoneal injection of HMGB1, which induced a minimal increased in IL-1beta expression, provoked the accumulation of neutrophils the lung. A mutation of AP-1 as well as NF-kappaB in the IL-8 promoter region resulted in a lower luciferase activity after HMGB1 stimulation. CONCLUSION: The proinflammatory effects of HMGB1, particularly on IL-8, are mediated by both NF-kappaB and AP-1.
Acute Lung Injury ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta ; Cytokines ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; HMGB1 Protein* ; Inflammation ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Interleukin-8* ; Luciferases ; Lung ; Mice ; Negotiating ; Neutrophils ; NF-kappa B ; Peritoneum ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Transcription Factor AP-1 ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

There were 105 patients with multiple rib fracture or flail chest who had underwent surgical rib fixation using Judet's strut from Aug. 1989 to Aug. 1995. They were 86 men and 19 women, and the age distribution was from 17 to 77(mean 48+/-12). The most common cause of accident was a traffic accident(81%). The mean number of rib fracture was 5.5 and the distribution of patient were flail chest(72, 64.7%), severe displaced rib Fracture(18, 17.1%), traumatic chest wall deformity(10, 95%) and others(5, 4.7%). The operative mortality was 1 patient(0.96%) and the incidence of postoperative complication were 13 patients(12.3%). The duration of perioperative artificial ventilator therapy was 90.5+/-22.6 hours. Our method allowed shorter duration of an artificial ventilation and decreased a functional sequelae. We find this technique to be better than previously published methods, since it provides better stabilization and immobilization of the ribs and thus obviates the need for artificial ventilation and prevents post-traumatic chest deformity.
Age Distribution ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Female ; Flail Chest* ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Incidence ; Male ; Mortality ; Postoperative Complications ; Rib Fractures* ; Ribs* ; Thoracic Wall ; Thorax ; Ventilation ; Ventilators, Mechanical