No abstract available.
Andropause* ; Humans ; Male*

The recent advancement of Assisted Reproductive Techniques (ART) has been problematic for the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility. Instead of exploring in depth the nature of the male infertility to achieve a natural pregnancy, ART concentrates mainly on obtaining a sperm for the purpose of fertilizing the ovum. This approach favors fertilization over the correction of male infertility and therefore often overlooks appropriate treatment options. In other words, ART is not consistent with bioethical practices and can lead to unfortunate outcomes for many infertile men. In particular, varicocelectomy, vasovasostomy, and epididymovasostomy result in high pregnancy rates when compared with ART. Moreover, redo-vasovasostomy has also been found to produce high pregnancy rates when the first trial proved unsuccessful. Twenty-five percent of male infertility cases diagnosed by semen analysis are deemed idiopathic. For the remaining seventy-five percent, however, the cause of infertility can be identified. Therefore, the primary approach to infertility should be to treat the underlying cause and thereby enable natural pregnancy to occur.
Diagnosis ; Fertilization ; Humans ; Infertility ; Infertility, Male* ; Male ; Male* ; Ovum ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Rate ; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted ; Semen Analysis ; Spermatozoa ; Vasovasostomy

Brachycephaly is a kind of craniosynostosis. Because of premature closure of the coronal suture, the skull is shorter in the anteroposterior diameter but is widened with a high vault and the occiput and forehead are flattened. Diabetes insipidus had been reported in oxycephaly. We have experienced a case of central diabetes insipidus associated with brachycephaly. A brief review of related literatures is included in this report.
Craniosynostoses* ; Diabetes Insipidus ; Diabetes Insipidus, Neurogenic* ; Forehead ; Skull ; Sutures

Purpura fulminans is one of rare consumptive coagulopathy in children. The most common predisposing conditions of purpura fulminans are infectious disease like streptococcal infection and chickenpox. This disease is characterized by ecchymotic lesions that are usually distributed symmetrically on the lower extremities and buttocks. These ecchymotic lesions undergo necrosis, unless there is effective treatment. We experienced 3 cases of purpura fulminans which improved almost completely after early heparin administration. In the case 1, a 12 month old girl, purpura fulminans developed during sepsis and gastroenteritis. In the case 2, a 4 month old boy, purpura fulminans developed during acute sepsis. We reported 3 cases with a brief review of related literature.
Buttocks ; Chickenpox ; Child ; Communicable Diseases ; Dacarbazine ; Female ; Gastroenteritis ; Heparin ; Humans ; Infant ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Necrosis ; Purpura Fulminans* ; Purpura* ; Sepsis ; Streptococcal Infections

BACKGROUND: Intermittent rhythmic delta activity (IRDA) is classified as a nonspecific abnormal EEG pattern. IRDA is clinically associated with alteration of consciousness, hydrocephalus, cerebral edema, deep midline lesions, subcortical lesions, and tumors of the posterior fossa and the third ventricle. Frontal IRDA(FIRDA) is usually seen in patients over age 15 years, whereas occipital IRDA(OIRDA) occurs mainly in children. We have investigated the clinical feature and significance of IRDA in children. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 36 children with IRDA of EEG concerning diagnosis, neurologic examination, classification of epilepsy, and CT & MRI findings. RESULTS: 1) The location of the IRDA was frontal(FIRDA) in 11 of 36(30.5%), occipital(OIRDA) in 20 of 36(55.6%) and mixed in 5 of 36(13.9%) patients. 2) Thirty of 36(83.3%) have epilepsy (including 1 each with MELAS and tuberous sclerosis), 4 of 36(11.1%) have migraine and 2 of 36(11.1%) patients have meningitis. 3) Sixteen of 30(53.3%) have partial or partial with secondary generalized seizure, 10 of 30(33.3%) have generalized seizure and 4 of 30(13.3%) patients with epilepsy have absence seizure. 4) Neuroimaging studies (CT or MRI scan) were performed in 27 cases. Among 27 cases of studies, 6 cases(22.2%) were abnormal including; two cases of infections, and each case of infarction, venous angioma, arachnoid cyst, cortical atrophy, and tuberous sclerosis, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: IRDA may be considered an epileptiform pattern in childhood and FIRDA is frequently seen in children than previous reports.
Arachnoid ; Atrophy ; Brain Edema ; Child* ; Classification ; Consciousness ; Diagnosis ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsy ; Epilepsy, Absence ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Infarction ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Medical Records ; MELAS Syndrome ; Meningitis ; Migraine Disorders ; Neuroimaging ; Neurologic Examination ; Retrospective Studies ; Seizures ; Third Ventricle ; Tuberous Sclerosis

No abstract available.
Spinal Cord Diseases*

Enchondroma is a benign tumor mainly developed in the hand and uncommon in the foot. Even if it is in the foot, most are in the phalanges and distal metatarsals of the foot. Enchondroma in the calcaneus is very rare. A 44-year-old male suffered from left heel pain for several months, authors treated it with curettage and bone graft, it was histologically confirmed as an enchondroma in the calcaneus. The authors presented a rare case presentation of an enchondroma in the calcaneus with pain.
Adult ; Calcaneus ; Chondroma ; Curettage ; Foot ; Hand ; Heel ; Humans ; Male ; Metatarsal Bones ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Synostosis*

No Abstract Available.
Arthroplasty* ; Knee Joint* ; Knee*

Three-dimensional surgical accuracy between virtually planned and actual surgical movements of the maxilla in two-jaw orthognathic surgery.