PURPOSE: To evaluate the predictive factors of radiation pneumonitis (RP) and associated changes in pulmonary function after definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medical records of 60 patients with NSCLC who received definitive CCRT were retrospectively reviewed. Dose volumetric (DV) parameters, clinical factors, and pulmonary function test (PFT) data were analyzed. RP was graded according to the CTCAE ver. 4.0. Percentage of lung volume that received a dose of threshold (Vdose) and mean lung dose (MLD) were analyzed for potential DV predictors. PFT changes were calculated as the difference between pre-RT and post-RT values at 3, 6, and 12 months after RT. RESULTS: Twenty-two patients (37%) developed grade > or =2 RP. Among clinical factors, tumor location in lower lobe was associated with RP. Among the DV parameters, only MLD >15 Gy was associated with grade > or =2 RP. There were statistically significant decreases in PFT at all points compared with pre-RT values in grade > or =2 RP group. MLD was associated with forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) changes at 6 and 12 months. V10 was associated with FVC changes at 12 months. V20 and V30 were associated with FEV1 changes at 6 months and FVC changes at 12 months. CONCLUSION: After definitive CCRT in patients with NSCLC, MLD >15 Gy and lower lobe tumor location were predictors of grade > or =2 RP. Pulmonary functions were decreased after CCRT and the magnitude of changes was associated with DV parameters.
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; Chemoradiotherapy ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Humans ; Lung ; Medical Records ; Radiation Pneumonitis ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Retrospective Studies ; Vital Capacity

Recent development in thepolymerase chain reaction (PCR) has brought an extraordinary opportunity for the rapid detection of M. tuberculosis in clinical specimens for the diagnosis of tuberculosis. Pneumoconiosis is a sort of pulmonary fibrosis consequent to inhalation of the respirable dust. The association between pulmonary tuberculosis and pneumoconiosis is well recognized. There is a 10-fold increase in the tuberculosis risk among the workers who have pneumoconiosis demonstrated by chest roentgenogram. The physicians managing the patients with pneumoconiosis have to maintain a high index of suspicion for the development of mycobacterial infection, since the diagnosis of tuberculosis is often difficult. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a very slow growing organism and acid-fast bacillus (AFB) staining frequently shows false negative results, and therefore PCR would be a very rapid, easy and sensitive diagnostic method for the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in pneumoconiotic patients. To compare the PCR method with the conventional methods in diagnosing Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum, we used the sputa of 115 pneumoconiosis patients in Munkyeong Cheil Hospital. Of 32 pulmonary tuberculosis in the pneumoconiosis patients, 29 were PCR positive and were higher than 28, 20 positive by culture and AFB stain. Overall sensitivity, specificity, and which were 90.6, 91.5 % respectively for the PCR assay, 87.5, 100 % for the culture method ; 62.5, 98.7 % for the AFB stain. The PCR assay is a rapid, efficient, sensitive method which can detect M. tuberculosis directly in pneumoconiosis patients, and further study should be followed for the development of the easier method.
Bacillus ; Diagnosis* ; Dust ; Humans ; Inhalation ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Pneumoconiosis ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Sputum ; Thorax ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Antibodies* ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Chiroptera* ; Encephalitis Virus, Japanese* ; Encephalitis, Japanese* ; Humans ; Korea*

p53 gene mutation is commonly accepted to be associated with loss of negative cell cycle control and progression of tumors. The proliferative activity of tumor cells is considered to be a valuable indicator of tumor aggressiveness. This study is intended to compare p53 protein expression with cell proliferation rates in the ovarian epithelial tumors according to the various clinicopathological parameters. Immunohistochemistry using monoclonal p53 antibody (DO-1) and PCNA antibody (PC10) was applied to 56 cases of ovarian epithelial tumors including 17 cases of borderline tumor. The results were as follows. Both immunohistochemical staining of PCNA and p53 protein showed positive reactions confined to the nuclei of tumor cells. There were significant differences of p53 protein expression rates between borderline malignancies (11.8%) and cystadenocarcinomas (56.4%) of ovary. The expression rate of p53 protein was not significantly different according to the differentiation and the stage, but the cases of strong positive reaction to p53 protein were more frequently noted in the poorly differentiated and advanced staged tumors. The PCNA indices of p53 strong positive cases were higher than those of p53 weak positive cases. In summary, p53 protein and PCNA expression may be used as an adjuvant in differentiating borderline lesions from carcinomas of ovary and predicting their biological behaviors.
Cell Cycle Checkpoints ; Cell Proliferation ; Cystadenocarcinoma ; Female ; Genes, p53 ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ovary ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen*

No abstract available.
Delusions* ; Hallucinations* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Delusions* ; Hallucinations* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Arteries* ; Bronchopulmonary Sequestration*

No abstract available.
Apgar Score* ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration* ; Infant, Newborn*

At first, we review a sample size estimation method for log-rank test in survival analysis. Although it is widely used these days, it has a weakness for practical use. We propose a modification method to avoid the weakness.
Sample Size*