Closed medullary nailing has become increasingly popular in the management of fractures of the femur because of a high rate of union, a low rate of complications, and excellent return of function. But it requires good facility and excellent surgical skill. The authors experienced two cases of iatrogenic femur neck fracture during closed medullary nailing of femur shaft fracture.
Femoral Neck Fractures ; Femur Neck ; Femur

Acromioclavicular joint injuries are frequently seen with the recent increase of traffic and industrial accidents. The treatment of complete separation of the acromioclavicular joint has been, and is still, a subject of controversy. In view of a recent trend, anatomical reduction of acromioclavicular joint, and rigid internal fixation method is preferable, especially in type 3 injury. We operated on 16 cases of complete acromioclavicular separation by the technique of coracoclavicular wiring from March 1983 to Feb. 1987. The following results were obtained. 1. The functional results were excellent; 12 cases(75%), good; 3 cases(19a%), and fair ; 1 cases(6%). 2. The complications include wire reakage ; 1 case(6%), bony erosion ; 3 cases(19%) and subluxation, 1 case(6%). 3. The advantages of coracoclavicular wiring. 1) Avoids violation of acromioclavicular joint but does not restrict rotation of the clavicle. 2) The operation is simple to perform. 3) Postoperative immobilization is minimal. 4) Removal of the wire is easy under local anesthesia. 5) This method corresponds to the coracoclavicular ligment biomechanically. Therefore, coracoclavicular wiring is thought to be a good operative method in the treatment of complete acromioclavicular separation.
Accidents, Occupational ; Acromioclavicular Joint ; Anesthesia, Local ; Clavicle ; Immobilization ; Methods

Malakoplakia of the bladder is an extremely rare condition in which there are multiple round or oval, plaque like or occasionally polypoid projections of the mucosa and submucosa which may be mistaken for cancer. It is believed to be infectious in origin, secondary to a deficiency of intracellular lysosomal digestion. There is often a clinical history of urinary tract infection, and the condition is considered to be an atypical form of granulomatous response to Gram negative coliform infection. We report a case of malakoplakia of the bladder clinically simulating malignant tumor, which was treated successfully with transurethral resection and antibiotics.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Digestion ; Malacoplakia* ; Mucous Membrane ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urinary Tract Infections

No abstract available.

The authors have presented a case of malignant melanoma (o.d.) originated from posterior part of the choroid which extended to the orbit. And two cases of basal cell carcinoma of the lids which were improved dramatically by the application of X'ray therapy. Neither recurrence nor complicated cataracta developed later.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Choroid* ; Cues* ; Melanoma* ; Orbit ; Recurrence

Glutathione S-Tanaferase (GST) is tripeptide, which plays a central role in the detoxification of electrophilic xenobioticas, including cytotoxic drugs and carcinogens, by conjugation with redueed glutathione. There are four major claases af human GST : pi, alpha, mu and rnicrosomal, They are propoaed as a marker for human and experimental neoplasia iincluding liver, kidney, lung,colon, uterine cervix, etc. Expression of pi, alphn, mu form of GST in control (15 cases), CIN (14 cases), invasive carcinoma (28 cases) of human uterine cervix was investigated immunohistochemically. They were selected fram September, 1992, to,June, 1992, in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei university College of medicine. In nucleus, the expresaion of GST pi was increased statistically significant in case of CIN and invasive Ca. of Cx. compared to control(p=0.018, p=0.002). But expression of GST alpha, mu has no significant difference in each case. In cytoplasms, the expvession of GST pi was increased statistically significani, in case of CIN and invasive Ca. of Cx. (p=0.001, p<0.001). But expreasion of GST alpha, mu has no significant differenrce in each case. There was no statistically significant diHerence in expression of GST isoenzymes oC each nucleua and cytoplasm according to stage and cell type in Ca. oC Cx. The further evaluation of survival and expression of GST pi in Ca. of Cx. in order to establish new prognostic factor in Ca. of Cx.
Carcinogens ; Cervix Uteri* ; Cytoplasm ; Female ; Glutathione Transferase* ; Glutathione* ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Isoenzymes* ; Kidney ; Liver ; Obstetrics

In determining the effects of strabismus surgery, it is very important to know where the reattachment site of an extraocular muscle following recession procedure is located. Undercorrections or overcorrections after muscle surgery have been thought to be due to a postoperative positional changes of reattachment site along the surface of the globe. The author performed this experimental study to evaluate the amounts of changes of reattachment site after recession procedure in rabbit with 4 different methods of scleral fixation;direct suture with 6-0 vicryl, hang-back suture, application with Tisseel and Histoacryl. Superior rectus recession was performed in all 40 rabbit eyes, 10 eyes in each group. The distance from limbus to proximal end of recessed superior rectus muscle was measured on day 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 postoperatively. Further measurements were followed at 2, 3, 4 and 8 weeks after recession procedure. The muscles were found an average of 0.4mm posterior to the intended position in direct suture group and 0.5 mmin hang-back suture group at one week postoperatively. But in the other two groups in which tissue adhesive agents, Tisseel and Histoacryl were used, the amount of displacement of the reattachment site were minimal of within 0.1 mm. From this experimental study, it is suggested that the positional changes of the reattachment site after recession procedure may influence the surgical corrective effects for strabismus.
Enbucrilate ; Fibrin Tissue Adhesive ; Muscles ; Polyglactin 910 ; Strabismus ; Sutures ; Tissue Adhesives

No abstract available.
Narcolepsy*

No abstract available.
Carcinosarcoma* ; Female ; Ovary*

Clonorchiasis procucts diffuse dilatation of the small and medium sized intrahepatic bile ducts and its cholangiogram shows visualization of many bile ducts, especially, tertiary, quaternary, and more peripheral tributaries up to the 6th tributaries. In an attempt to clarify this cholangiographic sign quantitively, we counted the visualized smaller bile ducts in clonorchiasis and compared the number of visualized ducts in normal cholangiogram, recurrent pyogenic chlangitis and carcinoma of the extrahepatic ducts. In clonorchiasis the number of visualized smaller bile ducts was considerably geater than in normal subjects and recurrent pyogenic cholangitis, but there was no singnificant statistical differences in the number of visualized bile duct tributaries between clonorchiasis and carcinoma of the bile ducts. Thus it is considered that too many ducts sign is not a unique cholangiographic finding of clonorchiasis, but we believe that in the presence of this sign with other we l known cholangiographic findings, diagnosis of clonorchiasis is very easy.
Bile Ducts ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; Cholangitis ; Clonorchiasis* ; Diagnosis ; Dilatation