Endometriosis in the abdominal wall following Cesarean section is one of the very rare condition among the extrapelvic endometriosis. Although benign, endometriosis possesses the unique ability to invade tissue and to disseminate or metastasize by hematogeneous, lymphatic route, or direct implantation. We reported the case with brief review of the literature.
Abdominal Wall* ; Cesarean Section* ; Endometriosis* ; Female ; Pregnancy

Because there is difficulty in the suture of renal pelvis, extended pyelolithotomy for the renal or pelvic calculi gives often complication such as urine leakage or infection, which result in the fibrosis and stricture of the region. Seven cases of renal stones are treated with new method using 8F Trumpet-shaped Nelaton Catheter. The proximal portion of the Nelaton Catheter inserted into the renal pelvis through the incised opening is made to arrive the lumen of the urinary bladder and the Trumpet-shaped distal portion is made to fix with the suture of the renal pelvis and capsules. After five to seven days, the catheter is removed by cystoscopic manipulation. It seems that the method is easy and feasible to decrease the complication of the extended pyelolithotomy for renal calculi.
Calculi ; Capsules ; Catheters* ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Fibrosis ; Kidney Calculi ; Kidney Pelvis ; Stents* ; Sutures ; Ureter* ; Urinary Bladder

No abstract available.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of passive or active application of primer and coat times of bond on the shear bond strength when a self-etching primer adhesive (Clearfil SE Bond) was applied to enamel surface. Crowns of sixteen human molars were selected. Buccal and lingual enamels of crowns were partially exposed and slabs of 1.2 mm thick were made. They were divided into one of four equal groups (n = 8). Group 1: passive application of Primer and 1 coat of Bond, Group 2: active application of Primer and 1 coat of Bond, Group 3: passive application of Primer and 2 coats of Bond, Group 4: active application of Primer and 2 coats of Bond. Clearfil AP-X was bonded to enamel suface of each group using Tygon tubes. The bonded specimens were subjected to microshear bond strength (uSBS) testing with a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. The results of this study were as follows; 1. The uSBS of Group 1 was the lowest among groups and the uSBS of Group 4 was the highest. 2. There was not statistically significant interaction between enamel uSBS by application method of Primer and coat time of Bond (p > 0.05). 3. There was not statistically significant difference between enamel uSBS by passive and active application of Primer (p > 0.05). 4. There was statistically significant difference between enamel uSBS by one- and two-coat of Bond (p < 0.05).
Adhesives ; Crowns ; Dental Enamel ; Humans ; Methacrylates ; Molar

Adult Wilms' tumor is rare unlike its pediatric counterpart. Because there is no specific radiologic findings of adult Wilms' tumor it is very difficult to diagnose the adult Wilms' tumor preoperatively and the final diagnosis is usually established with surgery. We report a case of Wilms' tumor in 26 years old postpartum woman with review of the literature.
Adult* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Postpartum Period ; Wilms Tumor*

Small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder is very uncommon tumor and it's clinical entity is characterized by an aggressive clinical course with early metastases. We report a case of the primary small cell carcinoma of urinary bladder in a 66 year old man who was managed by partial cystectomy and combined chemotherapy using cisplatin and etoposide.
Aged ; Carcinoma, Small Cell* ; Cisplatin ; Cystectomy ; Drug Therapy ; Etoposide ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Urinary Bladder*

Benign prostatic hyperplasia is one of the most common afflictions in an aged man, but the surgery has been the only therapeutic option in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Recently, other alternative therapeutic modalities such as pharmacological, hormonal, less invasive treatment(laser, stents, thermotherapy, etc.) were developed. The prostatic laserthermia is one of the new therapeutic tool being evaluated for the treatment of BPH. The aim of this study is that the prostatic laserthermia will be an alternative therapeutic modality for BPH as transurethral resection of prostate(TURP). A total of 92 patients(ages 49 to 90 years) who were diagnosed as BPH were included in the study, underwent uroflowmetry, transrectal ultrasound and AUA symptom scoring. 34 of 92 patients were treated with TURP. And 58 of the 92 patients were treated with prostatic laserthermia. After the treatments, each patients were followed by uroflowmetry and AUA symptom score at post operative 1, 3 and 6 months. In TURP group, the preoperative peak flow rate was changed from 8.33+/-4.5ml/sec, to 14.65+/-4.74 ml/sec, 14.67+/-4.08 ml/sec and 14.60+/-4.63 ml/sec, at postoperative lst, 3rd and 6th month respectively. The amount of average residual urine was decreased from 158.l+/-121.6 ml, to 41.9+/-22.3 ml, 43.3+/-27.1 ml and 58.2+/-27.5 ml, at 1st, 3rd and 6 month respectively. Also the AUA symptom score was decreased from 22.5+/-7.0, to 9+/-4.7, 9.3+/-4.3 and 9.5+/-5.2, at postoperative 1st, 3rd and 6th month. In prostatic laserthermia group, the preoperative average peak flow was 9.33+/-6.30 ml/sec, changed to 11.46+/-5.20 ml/sec, 11.67+/-5.40 ml/sec and 11.72+/-5.27 ml/sec at postoperative lst. 3rd and 6th month. The preoperative average mean flow was 4.75+/-2.87 ml/sec, increased to 5.47+/-2.69 ml/sec, 5.l8+/-2.69 ml/sec and 5.28+/-3.06 ml/ sec at 1st, 3rd and 6th month. The preoperative average residual urine was 130.9+/-154.7 ml/sec, decreased to 59.9+/-66.6 ml/sec, 50.6+/-57.0 ml/sec and 31.3+/-45.7 ml/sec at postoperative lst, 3rd and 6th month. The preoperative average AUA symptom score was 27.0+/-5.9, decreased 19.1+/-8.1, 18.4+/-8.7 and 17.5+/-9.1 at 1st, 3rd and 6th month. When comparing the parameters between two treatment groups, improvement of peak flow rate was greater in TURP than in Prostatic laserthermia group(p<0.01). Decrease of AUA symptom score and amount of residual urine also were greater in TURP than in prostatic laserthermia group. As the result TURP is more effective than prostatic laserthermia in peak flow rate at 1st month and AUA symptom score at lst, 3rd and 6th month t < 0.05). But laserthermia also appears to be as effective as TURP in the decrease of postvoid residuals. It could be suggested that prostatic laserthermia is an alternative therapeutic modality of BPH, especially old man who has some risk factors for operation. Key Word : transurethral resection, laserthermia.
Humans ; Hyperthermia, Induced ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Risk Factors ; Stents ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate* ; Ultrasonography

Incomplete bladder emptying even after prostatectomy were not uncommonly anticipated in patients with benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) who had episodes of acute urinary retention. This may be related h impaired contractility of detrusor muscle secondary to decreased blood flow to the bladder and over-stretching of detrusor muscle caused by overdistension of bladder. We measured detrusor contractility in 41 patients with BPH who had episodes of urine retention (Group A) and 77 patients with BPH without urine retention. Also, follow up uroflowmetry were taken for 25 patients of group A and 40 patients of group B in 30-50 days after prostatectomy. Results were as follows; I. On filling cystometry. first sense of fill, urge sense to void, maximum cystometric capacity and compliance were not significantly different between 2 groups and detrusor instability were 23 cases (56%) in group A, 38 cases (49%) in group B. 2. On pressure-flow study, maximum detrusor voiding pressure was 32.5+/-4.13 cmH2O in group A and 50.27+/-2.4 cmH2O in group B (P<0.01). Peak flow rate (Qmax) and voided volume were 4.1 to 0.7 ml/sec, 76.1+/-12.7 ml in group A and 8.6+/-0.65 ml/sec, 176.1+/-16.7 ml in group B respectively (P<0.01, P<0.01). Residual urine was 256.5 1:24.3 ml in group A and 111.6 t 14.7 ml in group B (P<0.01). 3. On postoperative follow up uroflowmetry, voided volume and Qmax were increased compared to preoperative value in group A but still lower than those in group B (P<0.05, P<0.05). 4. The number of patients who didn't show any improvement of voiding symptoms after surgery were 17 on group A and 11 on group B. Impaired detrusor contractility was present in 25 of 41 cases (61%) of group A and 10 of 71 cases (13%) of group B on urodynamic diagnosis. Conclusively, in patients with BPH who had episodes of urine retention, preoperative pressure-flow study to recognize impaired detrusor contractility would be helpful in anticipating incomplete bladder emptying after prostate surgery and considering other forms of ancillary therapy.
Compliance ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Prostate ; Prostatectomy ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Retention ; Urodynamics

Pharmacologic treatment of the detrusor hypocontractility(hyporeflexia) remains controversial issues. Clean intermittent self catheterization(CIC) alone, or combination with bethanechol chloride has been generally accepted as treatment modality. Until presently, bethanechol chloride is the only pharmacologic agent commonly used for bladder emptying without significant complication. However, the effectiveness of bethanechol seem to be episodic. The present study compared the contractile response of various pharmacologic agents including bethanechol chloride, ATP, PG E1, E2, F2-alpha on the smooth muscle strips of male rabbit bladder. In addition, effect of the gastrointestinal motility agents such as cisapride and metoclopramide on the contraction of rabbit bladder were assessed. Each bladder was divided into bladder body and bladder base for comparison of pharmacologic effects. FS at basal tension elicited a frequency dependent contraction which was greater in bladder body strips than in bladder base strips. The contractile responses to bethanechol, ATP, PG E1, E2 and PG F2-alpha were greater in bladder body than in bladder base.In the bladder body,magnitude of the contractile responses by ATP and PG F2-alpha were approximately 1/3 of those by bethanechol or FS.PG F2-alpha was consistently more potent to produce contraction than PG E1, E2. ATP induced contraction only consisted of initial phasic rise of tension. The contraction induced by PG developed slower than those caused by bethanechol. Cisapride(10uM) induced weak contractile responses comparable to those by PG E1 Metoclopramide had no contractile effects in this studies. Conclusively, differences exist in the response of the bladder body and base to FS and various pharmacologic agents. ATP, PG E2 and PG F2-alpha exhibited some notable contractile responses to the bladder body that were approximately 1/3 of those by bethanechol. Gastrointestinal motility agents were not shown to be effective in the mediation of contraction of rabbit bladder.
Adenosine Triphosphate ; Bethanechol ; Cisapride ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; Humans ; Male ; Metoclopramide ; Muscle, Smooth* ; Negotiating ; Urinary Bladder*

Pyelitis and ureteritis cystica which is characterized by cyst formations mucosa or submucosa of the ureter and renal pelvis caused by inflammation. We are reporting a case of ureteritis cystica with review of the literatures.
Inflammation ; Kidney Pelvis ; Mucous Membrane ; Pyelitis* ; Ureter*