Vitamin A and its metabolite, retinoic acid, have been recommended for the treatment of psoriasis, ichthyosis, acne vulgaris and Darier's disease which resulted from abaormal regulatory function of keratinocytes. In recent years retinoic acid analogs (retinoids) have been synthesized and shown to be more potent and less toxic than retinoic acid. Since these drugs are therapeutically effective for skin diseases, only with longterm adminiatration of large doses, their toxicities must be seriously considered. The liver is the main site for both storage and excretion of vitamin A and ita derivatives, which may produce injury to the liver and other organs as a result of excess of lysosomal enzyme control. Fatty vacuoles, infiltration of inflammatory cells, focal necrosis, increase in lysosomal enzymes, distension of the RER, decrease in the ribosomes, swelling of the mitochondria, and proliferation of the SER within the hepatocytes have been observed in livers of vitamin A- as well as retinoic acid-treated rats. Its excess may also cause mucous metaplasia of secretory cells of the pancreas. (countinued...)
Acne Vulgaris ; Amphotericin B* ; Animals ; Darier Disease ; Hepatocytes ; Ichthyosis ; Keratinocytes ; Liver ; Metaplasia ; Mitochondria ; Necrosis ; Pancreas ; Psoriasis ; Rats ; Ribosomes ; Skin Diseases ; Tretinoin ; Vacuoles ; Vitamin A ; Vitamins

Trichofolliculoma is an adnexal tumor of hair follicle oriyin, considered to be of intermediate differentiation between a hair follicle nevus, a simple hyperolasia of the hair follicle, and trichoepithelioma, Which usually lacks mature hair follicles. Grossly the tumor usually appears on the head or neck as a 0.5 to 1.0cm solitary white to pearly papule, Many lesions show a cental pore, and occasionally woolly or cottony hairs may protrude from this pore. Histologically, trichofolliculomas are characterized by a central dilated follicle filled with keratin or hair. Radiating from this primary hair follicle are numerous secndary hair follicles of varying degrees of maturation. An organized fibro-vascular stroma surrounds these epithelial structure, giving it a well-defined nodular appearance. We presented here two case of trichofolliculoma with typical clnical and histopathological findings, one in a 65 year-old female and the other a 56 year-old males.
Aged ; Female ; Hair ; Hair Follicle ; Head ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Nevus

Trichofolliculoma is an adnexal tumor of hair follicle oriyin, considered to be of intermediate differentiation between a hair follicle nevus, a simple hyperolasia of the hair follicle, and trichoepithelioma, Which usually lacks mature hair follicles. Grossly the tumor usually appears on the head or neck as a 0.5 to 1.0cm solitary white to pearly papule, Many lesions show a cental pore, and occasionally woolly or cottony hairs may protrude from this pore. Histologically, trichofolliculomas are characterized by a central dilated follicle filled with keratin or hair. Radiating from this primary hair follicle are numerous secndary hair follicles of varying degrees of maturation. An organized fibro-vascular stroma surrounds these epithelial structure, giving it a well-defined nodular appearance. We presented here two case of trichofolliculoma with typical clnical and histopathological findings, one in a 65 year-old female and the other a 56 year-old males.
Aged ; Female ; Hair ; Hair Follicle ; Head ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Nevus

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma and basal cell adenocarcinoma are uncommon, low-grade malignant epithelial neoplasms of salivary gland. They occur predominantly in the parotid glands with frequent recurrences and occasional distant metastases. We report an unusual case of combined epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma and basal cell adenocarcinoma within the same mass of the parotid gland in a 32-year-old woman. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first such a combined carcinoma case.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Adult ; Carcinoma ; Female ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Parotid Gland* ; Recurrence ; Salivary Glands

In vivo ethane production in rats was used as an index of oxygen toxicity. The rats were allocated to four exposure conditions; hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO=5 ATA, 100% O2), normobaric oxygenation (NBO=1 ATA, 100% O2), hyperbaric aeration (HBA=5 ATA, 21% O2) and normobaric aeration (NBA=1 ATA, 21% O2). After 120 minutes of exposure, the rats exposed to high concentration and/or high pressure oxygen exhaled significantly larger amounts of ethane than those exposed to NBA, and the differences in ethane production between any two groups were statistically significant (p<0.01). This finding supports the hypothesis that hypothesis that hyperoxia increase oxygen free-radicals and the radicals produce ethane as a result of lipid peroxidation. It is notable that the ethane exhalation level of the HBA group was significantly higher than that of the NBO group. This difference could not be accounted for by the alveolar oxygen partial pressure difference between the two groups.
Animals ; Ethane* ; Exhalation* ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation ; Hyperoxia* ; Lipid Peroxidation* ; Oxygen ; Partial Pressure ; Rats

No abstract available.
Gonadal Dysgenesis, Mixed*

The protective effects of Panax Ginseng extract to oxygen toxicity of mice were studied under 5 ATA hyperbaric oxygen atmosphere. The findings observed are as follows: 1) Administration of Ginseng water extract manifested the prolonging survival time of mice to oxygen toxicity by hyperbaric oxygen atmosphere. After 18 hours of single Ginseng water extract administration and three days, seven days of consecutive Ginseng water extract administration showed the protective effect against oxygen toxicity. 2) Three days and seven days of consecutive Ginseng water extract administration showed the more efficient protective effect than single Ginseng Water extract administration. 3) Seven days of consecutive Ginseng water extract administration did not showed the more efficient protective effect than three days of consecutive Ginseng water extract administration.
Animals ; Atmosphere ; Mice ; Oxygen* ; Panax* ; Water

No abstract available.

To evaluate prevalence of HBsAg in the liver tissue of various liver diseases among Koreans, a total of 614 cases of liver biopsies; hepatitis (104), cirrhosis (99), hepatocellular carcinoma (78), cholangiocarcinoma (3), metastatic carcinoma (35), HBsAg carrier (15) and miscellaneous (280) ; were studied by histochemical methods of Shikata's modified orcein, Gomori's aldehyde-fuchsin, aldehyde thionine, Weigert's resorcin-fuchsin, alcian blue, and Verhoeff's elastic staining. It was found that the modified orcein and Gomori's aldehyde-fuchsin methods gave the best and most reliable results. The prevalence of orcein positive materials in various liver diseases showed constantly negative results in acute hepatitis, portal and biliary cirrhosis, cholangiocarcinoma and metastatic tumors, and positive results in 27.5% of chronic persistent hepatitis, 56.8% in chronic active hepatitis, 56% in chronic active hepatitis leading to cirrhosis, 59.5% in adjacent liver tissue of hepatocellular carcinoma, 11.5% in tumor cells of hepatocellular carcinoma, 60% in asymptomatic carriers, and 0.7% in the miscellaneous disease group. The ground glass appearing hepatocytes which were present in various numbers in various liver diseases gave intense positive reaction with orcein staining, especially in asymptomatic carriers. These results strongly indicate that chronic hepatitis, macronodular cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma among Koreans are closely related with hepatitis B virus infection, and the percentage reported here might well be lower than actual prevalence since the specimens are mostly needle biopsy materials and the distribution of orcein positive materials are often spotty.
Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/analysis* ; Human ; Korea ; Liver/immunology ; Liver/pathology ; Liver Diseases/immunology* ; Liver Diseases/pathology ; Oxazines/diagnostic use ; Staining and Labeling

A total of 556 cases of stomachs resected for gastric carcinoma were classified according to Laur n's method (1965), and were studied for epidemiological evaluation, relation to chronic gastritis, especially that with intestinal metaplasia, and prognostic difference, with the following results: 1) When classified by Laur n's method, 52.2% (290/556) of gastric carcinomas among Koreans belonged to intestinal type, 40.6% (226/556) to diffuse and 7.2% (40/556) to the other type of carcinoma. 2) In males the incidence of diffuse carcinoma was less frequent than that of intestinal type carcinoma, but in the female it was as frequent as the latter. 3) The higher incidence of stomach carcinoma in the male among Koreans may be attributed to the frequent occurrence of not only intestinal type but also diffuse carcinoma. 4) The mean age of patients with intestinal type carcinoma was older than that of diffuse by approximately 7 years. 5) The lower mean age of gastric carcinoma among Koreans is attributable to the lower age distribution of intestinal type as well as of diffuse carcinoma. 6) The occurrence of large tumor size, short symptom duration, ulcero-infiltrative gowth, regional node metastasis and regional nodes showing lymphocyte depletion and unstimulated were more frequent in diffuse carcinoma, indirectly supporting the view that patients with intestinal type carcinoma are more likely to survive for longer periods than patients with diffuse carcinoma. 7) Intestinal metaplasia of the nearby stomach mucosa showed a significantly higher percentage in intestinal type than diffuse carcinoma, further supporting the suggestion that intestinal type carcinoma is pathogenetically related to intestinal metaplasia of stomach mucosa.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma/epidemiology* ; Carcinoma/pathology ; Child ; Female ; Gastric Mucosa/pathology* ; Human ; Korea ; Male ; Metaplasia ; Middle Age ; Stomach Neoplasms/epidemiology* ; Stomach Neoplasms/pathology