No abstract available.
Femoral Fractures*

Chondroblastoma is a rare primary bone tumor which originates from cartilage, and represents approximate 1% af all bone tumor. The chondroblastoma arises most frequently from the epiphysis of the long bones with the humerus being the commonest site. It afflicts usually the young under 25 years with greater incidence in male. As there is no cartilage cell on craniofacial bone which is mainly fromed by intramembranous ossification, the chondroblastoma on the craniofacial bone is extremely rare. But the chondroblastoma recurred frequently in craniofacial bone when the mass is excised incompletely or curretted and, as the tumor has the outstanding ability of local invasiveness, it destructs the adjacent bone. In addition, it is difficult to diagnose differentially from sarcoma or giant cell tumor histopathologically. Due to the entities described above, it is necessary to remove the entire tumor mass as complete as possible, to treat with radiation pre or postoperatively for preventing from recurrence, and to observe for a long time. The chondroblastoma on temporal bone is rare and is difficult to diagnose and treat successfully. So we'd like to present a case of chondroblastoma which was originated from temporal side of TMJ with literatural review.
Cartilage ; Chondroblastoma ; Epiphyses ; Giant Cell Tumors ; Humans ; Humerus ; Incidence ; Male ; Recurrence ; Sarcoma ; Temporal Bone ; Temporomandibular Joint*

Subacute hematogenous ostemyelitis is mostly likely due to an altered relationship between host and pathogen, associated with increase host resistance, decreased virulence of the causative organism and/or antibiotics modification. In a retrospective study of the hematogenous ostemyelitis in 156 cases, 19 cases of them were the subacute form of the ostemyelitis. Pain is the most consistent symptom and most of the constitutional symptoms were usually mild. However, the ESR was often elevated. From our data, the following results were obtained. 1. The most common skeletal involvement was the distal part of the tibia(8 out of 19 patients). 2. The causative organism was staphylococcus aureus by the bacterial culture of the specimens. 3. In the literature, acute hematogenous ostemyelitis rarely cross the physis in patients older than 18 months of its age. However, subacute ostemyelitis frequently does cross the physis(5 out of 19 patients). 4. Cross physeal lesions were healed without any permanant damage to the growth plate in our cases(5 out of 19 patients). 5. All patients except for one case were treated by curettage and antibiotics. 6. The mush higher incidence of the cross physeal lesions may be expected by MRI in identifying the lesion. 7. Seven out of 19 patients had radiographic findings similar to eosinophilic granjuloma, Ewing's sarcoma or osteosarcoma.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Child ; Curettage ; Eosinophils ; Growth Plate ; Humans ; Incidence ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Osteosarcoma ; Retrospective Studies ; Sarcoma, Ewing ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Virulence

BACKGROUND: During the adolescent growths spurt, iron deficiency becomes more common, particularly with the additional factors of menstrual blood loss in females and the androgen-related rise in hemoglobin concentration in males. This study was conducted to investigate the iron status in the adolescent students. METHODS: Venous peripheral blood was sampled from 178 males(79 of 12-13years, 99 of 15-16years) who were 1st grade students of two boy's middle schools and two high schools and from 186 females(87 of 12-13years, 99 of 15-16years) who were 1st grade students of two girl's middle schools and two high schools. Laboratory procedures included a hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum iron, TIBC and serum ferritin. Transferrln saturation was calculated. RESULTS: 1) Mean values were hemoglobin 13.7+/-0.78 g/dl, hematocrit 40.6+/-2.47%, serum iron 127.6+/-43.02 ug/dl, TIBC 387.9+/-47.73 ug/dl, transferrin saturation 33.3+/-11.38%, and serum ferritin 26.1+/-16.90 ng/ml in 12-13years old males. 2) Mean values were hemoglobin 13.7+/-0.85 g/dl, hematocrit 40.9+/-3.79%, serum iron 99.4+/-34.93 ug/dl, TIBC 387.8+/-45.53 ug/dl, transferrin saturation 26.2+/-9.99%, and serum ferritin in 22.7+/-14.18 ng/ml in 12-13years old females. 3) Mean values were hemoglobin 15.2+/-0.84 g/dl, hematocrit 45.9+/-2.77%, serum iron 144.9+/-51.97 ug/dl, TIBC 419.8+/-52.46 ug/dl, transferrin saturation 34.2+/-10.44%, and serum ferritin 31.2+/-20.91 ng/dl in 15-16years old males. 4) Mean values were hemoglobin 13.2+/-0.89 g/dl, hematocrit 39.9+/-2.78%, serum iron 111.1+/-39.78 ug/dl, TIBC 392.8+/-50.06 ug/dl, transferrin saturation 28.9+/-10.85%, and serum ferritin 21.4+/-17.11 ng/ml in 15-16years old females. 5) The prevalence of iron deficiency was 8.9% and 10.1% in 12-13years and 15-16years old males respectively. In 12-13years and 15-16years old females, the prevalence was 16.1% and 29.3% respectively. The prevalence of iron deficincy anemia was 1.1% and 2.0% in 12-13years and 15-16years old female and absent in male. CONCLUSIONS: Although hemoglobin is normal, we recommend to check other parameters to optimize the identification of individuals with iron deficiency.
Adolescent* ; Anemia ; Female ; Ferritins ; Hematocrit ; Humans ; Iron* ; Male ; Prevalence ; Seoul* ; Transferrin

PURPOSE: The superiority of breast-feeding to artificial feeding of infants aged 6 months or less has been well established. Due to the low rate of breast-feeding in our 1994 hospital survey we recommended and educated about breast-feeding to mothers who delivered in our hospital since January 1995. The purpose of this survey is to assess if the rate of breast-feeding increased in our hospital thereafter. METHODS: One hundred twenty-five infant born at National Medical Center (NMC) after January 1. 1995 were surveyed through questionnaire about breast feeding at the well-baby clinic of pediatric department of NMC from May, 1996 to September, 1996. RESULTS: The rate of breast-feeding was 26.4% in the nursery after birth, 40.8% at 1 month of age. Breast-feeding at 1 month of age was more common among children fed breast milk in the nursery after birth (P<0.05), who initiated breast-feeding within 3 days of age (P<0.05), born by vaginal delivery (P<0.05) and positive maternal response to the guideline of breast-feeding (P<0.05). The decision of breast-feeding was made mainly by the mother and 12.0% were by doctor or nurse's suggestion. The main reason for giving up or failure of breast-feeding was "insufficient breast milk". CONCLUSION: Compared with baseline data surveyed in our hospital in 1994, breast-feeding at the nursery increased from 1.3% to 26.4% and at 1 month of age, increased from 35.1% to 40.8%. So recommendation for breast-feeding at hospitals is very important and may play a role to increase the rate of breast-feeding.
Breast ; Breast Feeding ; Child ; Humans ; Infant ; Milk, Human ; Mothers ; Nurseries ; Nutritional Support ; Parturition ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Aspergillus oryzae is a filamentous fungus classified in the group Aspergillaceae Ascomycetes. A. oryzae is an important microorganism for industrial production of enzymes and fermented food products. It secrets large quantities of proteins or enzymes into the culture medium which makes this organism appealing for the production of heterologous proteins. Recently Electric field-mediated transformation method, electroporation, has been applied to fungal transformation. It is fast, simple to handle, and avoids the use of some chemicals. The optimum conditions for A. oryzae were determined with pILJ-16 and ~0.2 x 105 protoplast cell at various field strength. The survived population of protoplasts in the electric field were ~80% of nonprotoplast cell population at 1.3 KV/cm to ~50% at 6.3 KV/cm. The electrotransformation efficiency, expressed as transformants/microgram of input DNA/population of protoplast cells, increased with the increment of the field strength up to 6.3 KV/cm. The highest value, 14.35%, was obtained at 6.3 KV/cm and 1540ohm. Some antibiotics for the dominant selectable makers were applied to A. oryzae and Tolypocladium inflatum. Whereas phleomycin was very effective on T. inflatum, hygromycin B and phleomycin were not effective on A. oryzae. Protoplasts were obtained with hemicellulase and celluclast, instead of novozyme234. More than 104 transformants/microgram of DNA with hemicellulase-treated protoplasts were obtained by using electroporation at the condition of 2,500 voltage, 1,540 ohm and 0.50 capacitance. Less than 102 transformants/microgram of DNA were obtained with Novozyme234- and celluclast-treated protoplasts.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Ascomycota ; Aspergillus oryzae* ; Aspergillus* ; DNA ; Electroporation ; Fungi* ; Hygromycin B ; Oryza ; Phleomycins ; Protoplasts

Pneumoperitoneum caused by acute gastric dilatation (AGD) is a very rare complication. We report a case of pneumoperitoneum and acute pulmonary edema caused by AGD in a patient with Parkinson's disease. A 78-year-old woman presented with pneumonia and AGD. We inserted a nasogastric tube and administered empirical antibiotics. We performed an endoscopy, and perforation or necrosis of the stomach and pyloric stenosis were not observed. Thirty-six hours after admission, the patient suddenly developed dyspnea and shock, and eventually died. We suspected the cause of death was pneumoperitoneum and acute pulmonary edema caused by AGD during the conservative treatment period. Immunocompromised patients with chronic illness require close observation even if they do not show any symptoms suggestive of complications. Even if the initial endoscopic or abdominal radiologic findings do not show gastric necrosis or perforation, follow-up with endoscopy is essential to recognize complications of AGD early.
Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cause of Death ; Chronic Disease ; Dyspnea ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastric Dilatation* ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Necrosis ; Parkinson Disease ; Pneumonia ; Pneumoperitoneum* ; Pulmonary Edema* ; Pyloric Stenosis ; Shock ; Stomach

Rectus sheath hematoma with spontaneous inferior epigastric artery injury (IEAI) is rarely found and can often be mistaken for something else causing abdominal pain. We present the case of rectus sheath hematoma with spontaneous IEAI caused by coughing in a 61-year-old woman. She presented to our emergency department with a chief complaint of rightlower quadrant pain after severe coughing. An abdominal computed tomography scan with contrast enhancement demonstrated rectus sheath hematoma with active hemorrhage; angiography with selective embolization of the right inferior epigastric artery was performed successfully without complication. Even if a patient with nontraumatic abdominal pain had no anticoagulant therapy or coagulopathy, an abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan is essential for early diagnosis of spontaneous IEAI. Arteriography with selective embolization of the injured arteries is useful and highly effective in the control of ongoing hemorrhage owing to IEAI.
Abdominal Pain ; Angiography ; Arteries ; Cough ; Early Diagnosis ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Epigastric Arteries* ; Female ; Hematoma* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Rupture

Nowadays, more aggressive local control of primary cancer site is believed to be the most effective among the oncologists. However, this aggressive local control of cancer leaves a large defect of tissue which needs the reconstruction by a plastic surgeon.Post-oncologic reconstruction usually needs to use free flap coverage rather than local flap because of extensive tissue defect and post-radiation fibrosis. End-to-side microvascular anastomosis rather than end-to-end microvascular anastomosis is necessary especially for limb salvage in case of malignant cancer of the limb or for saving the important recipient vessel. The effect of radiation of end-to-end microvascular anastomosis was revealed to be minimal in the previous studies, but the effect of radiation on end-to-side microvascular anastomosis has not been researched up to present. The authors designed this experimental study model to clarify the effect of radiation on the patency of end-to-side microvascular anastomosis. For control group, total 20 rats were used. In one control group which consists of 10 rats, end-to-side microvascular anastomoses were carried out on their carotid arteries. In the other control group of 10 rats, end-to-end microvascular anastomoses were done. In radiation groups, 2000 rad X-radiation(peak 250 kV, 30 mA) was given on the neck areas of 40 rats. In two radiation groups, each of which consists of 10 rats, end-to-end and end-to-side microvascular anastomoses were carried out respectively on their carotid arteries 3 weeks after radiation. In another two radiation groups, each of 10 rats, the same procedures were done respectively 6 weeks after radiation. On the fourth week after anastomsis, the vascular patency and histological examinations were done. This study revealed that no effect of radiation on the vascular patency was found depending on both types of microanastomoses although some histologic changes were evident.
Animals ; Carotid Arteries ; Extremities ; Fibrosis ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Limb Salvage ; Neck ; Rats ; Vascular Patency

No abstract available.