Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis is a rare form of inflammatory disease of the gall bladder and was first described in 1970 by Christensen and Ishak as fibroxanthogranulomatous inflammation of the gall bladder. Recently authors experienced three cases of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, two of which were erroneously diagnosed as malignant tumor in preoperative clinical and radiological examinations. Grossly, the gallbladders were enlarged and the walls were thickened with yellowish granular necrotic areas ranging from a few millimeters to 1.0 cm in diameter. Microscopically, all of three cases showed diffuse infiltration of the foamy histiocytes containing bile pigments and mononuclear leukocytes associated with fibroblastic proliferation and foreign body reactions. The pathogenesis of the xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis is uncertain, but opinion favours an inflammatory response to extravasated bile probably, from ruptured Rokitanky-Aschoff sinuses. Three cases of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis with brief review of literature are presented.

461 cases of renal biopsy specimens were summerized correlated with their light microscopic and immunofluorescence findings, which obtained from Jan. 1981 to Jul. 1986 at Department of Pathology, Kyung Hee School of Medicine, The results were as follws: 1) The incidence of IgM nephropathy was about 5.8% of the primary glomerulopathy. 2) Sex distribution showed male preponderance with male: female ratio of 1.7:1. 3) Age distribution were 0-9 years 7.4%, 10-19 years 29.6%, 20-29 years 37.0%, 30-39 years 7.4%, 40-49 years 7.4% and 50-59 years 11.1%. 4) The clinical symptoms were gross hematuria 7.4%, microscopic hematuria 59.2%, proteinuria (nonnephrotic) 37.0%, nephrotic syndrome 55.5%, hypertension 7.8% and edema 59.2%. 5) 9 cases (33.3%) had past histories of upper respiratory infections. 6) The distributions of the light microscopic deagnosis were minimal histologic change 11 cases (40.7%), focal glomerulonephritis 7 cases (25.9%), measangial proliferative glomerulonephritis 5 cases (18.5%), focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis 1 case (3.7%) and poststreptococla glomerulonephritis 1 case (3.7%). 7) Immunofluorescence study showed significant diffuse mesangial granular deposits of IgM and C3 in all of the 27 cases. 8) It was demonstrated that in the patients with nephrotic syndrome, the prognosis for the patients with IgM deposition were less favorable than those without IgM deposition.
Female ; Male ; Humans ; Incidence ; Biopsy

Meningiomas are usually thought of as firm solid tumors and most standard references make no mention of cystic meningiomas. Although several cases of cystic meningioma have been reported in the literature and their neuroradiological features discussed, the rarity of this entity makes its preoperative diagnosis difficult. Recently, the authors encountered a case of cystic meningioma, which was thought as ependymal cyst or infarction, preoperatively. In this report the authors discussed its clinical, neuroradiological and pathological characteristics with brief reviews of the literature.
Cysts ; Meningioma

Collateral ligament injury of the IP joint of the fingers are common and almost always occurs at the PIP joint. But the rupture of collateral ligament is often miss-diagnosed as sprain and it's seriousness is often underestimated, of such injuries frequently result in prolonged and even permanent disability of the injured fingers. During the period of Sept. 1986 to Aug. 1988, 16 collateral ligament injuries in 15 patients were treated surgically at Holy Family Hospital, Bu Cheon and following results were obtained: 1. Among 15 patients, 14 were male and the age was 32.1 years on an average. 2. The 7 cases had associated injuries in the same fingers. 3. In 6 cases ligaments were ruptured at the proximal attachment, in 5 at the distal attachment, and in 5 at the ligament substance. 4. Average range of joint motion at the final observation was 69.2°. The average flexion contracture was 9.3°, and the average further flexion was 78.5°. 5. The flexion was limited more than the average when the ligament was ruptured at the insertion(66°) and when there were other associated injuries in the same finger(58.1°). The extension was limited more than the average when the ligament was ruptured at the substance(18°) and when patients were over the age of 31 years(12.5°).
Collateral Ligaments ; Contracture ; Fingers ; Humans ; Joints ; Ligaments ; Male ; Rupture ; Sprains and Strains

Authors analysed 36 cases(33 patients) of Peroneal Buoy Flap to investigate branching pattern, course, length of vascular pedicle, and perforating level of the perforating cutaneous branches from Oct. 1985 to July 1988. The results were as follows. 1. The perforating cutaneous branchea were classified into four types, the Straight Branch (18 cases), the Proximal Oblique Branch (8 cases), the Branch from Muscular Artery (8 cases), the Distal Oblique Branch(2 cases) respectively. The most common patten was Straight Branch. 2. There were 3 pathways of these branches, the most common one passed between the Soleus and Peroneus muscles(23 cases, 64%), and second one passed through the snterior part of Soleus muscle(8 cases, 22%), the third one passed through the posterior part of Peroneus muscle(5 cases, 14%). 3. The length of vascular pedicle in Buoy Flap was variable from 3cm to 15cm, but 27 cases(75%) were distributed between 4cm and 6cm. 4. The perforating level of branches were 6.3cm in average from Fibular Neck, 88% of them were distributed within 10cm. 5. Peroneal Buoy Flap in possible to reconstruct both seperated bone and skin defect in some distance by One-Stage Operation.
Arteries ; Neck ; Skin

PURPOSE: To evaluate clinical usefulness of magnetic resonance angiography(MRA) as a diagnostic modality and for treatment planning of intracranial arteriovenous malformations(AVM). METHODS AND MATERIALS: In 14 patients with intracranial AVM which were confirmed by operations, radiologic studies and clinical evaluations, magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), MRA and conventional angiography(CA) were retrospectively reviewed with specific regards to nidus depiction, detectability of feeding arteries and draining veins, and number and anatomic consistency of these vessles. MRA was obtained by 3 D TOF, 2 D PC, and 3 D methods with adequate VENC selection. RESULTS: Nidus of AVM was well demonstrated in MRI and MRA, and no remarkable difference in detection and size estimation of nidus among MRI, MRA and CA except 2 cases of associated intracranial hemorrhage, in which 3 D PC MRA well depicted nidus that were not visualized on MRI because of subacute hemorrhage. Feeding arteries were well demonstrated on 3 D TOF and 3 D PC MRA. Dilated draining veins were well depicted on 3 D PC MRA by scannig with adequate VENC selection, and the results were no remarkable difference compared with the ones on CA. CONCLUSION: MRA of a consecutive scan after MRI is a excellent modality for evaluation and treatment planning of intracranial AVM, and possible substitutive method for CA except for radiotherapy or transarterial embolization.
Arteries ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations* ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Magnetic Resonance Angiography* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Radiotherapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Veins

No abstract available.
Population Characteristics* ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroiditis*

Congenital diverticulum of the left ventricle is a very rare disease. Ventricular diverticulum is usually associated with other anomalies including intracardiac and midline thoracoabdominal defect. We describe a case with congenital left ventricular diverticulum presenting as an isolated lesion. A 37-year-old man presented with 4-year history of chest pain. Diverticulum was diagnosed by echocardiography and left ventriculogram.
Adult* ; Chest Pain ; Diverticulum* ; Echocardiography ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Rare Diseases

Sialoblastoma is defined as a rare, congenital or perinatal, aggressive and potentially low-grade malignant, basaloid gland neoplasm that occurs in the major salivary glands. We report a case of a congenital sialoblastoma in the left parotid gland, associated with a hepatoblastoma in a female infant. At birth, a huge mass in the left neck and hepatomegaly were noted. Grossly, the neck mass was well-circumscribed, lobulated and gray tan. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of basaloid aggregates of primitive uniform cells with focal ductal differentiation. The liver showed a well-circumscribed gray tan tumor with extensive hemorrhage and cystic change. Microscopically, the liver revealed characteristic findings of hepatoblastoma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of coexistence of a congenital sialoblastoma and a hepatoblastoma, reported in the literature.
Autopsy* ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Hepatoblastoma* ; Hepatomegaly ; Humans ; Infant ; Liver ; Neck ; Parotid Gland ; Parturition ; Salivary Glands ; Triacetoneamine-N-Oxyl

We found an error in this article. The author's name should be corrected as following: from "Younsuk Koh" to "Younsuck Koh".