Kienbock's disease is a rare disease that is suspected to be caused by the circulatory impairment or/and trauma to the lunate. The various modes of etiology, progression and the treatment have been suggested without any definite ones. The authors report 13 cases of the Kienbock's disease and the results are as follows:1. The male(10 of 13 patients) and the dominate hand(10 of 13 hands) were the more prevalent. 2. Eight cases had a definite history of trauma and the 5 of them were injured by the hyperextension of the wrist. 3. Eight cases were stage III B according to the Lichtman's classification. 4. Nine cases(69%) showed ulna minus variant, which was thought to have certain significant relation with the cause of this disease.
Classification ; Clinical Study ; Osteonecrosis ; Rare Diseases ; Ulna ; Wrist

No abstract available.
Spine*

No abstract available.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid* ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee* ; Osteoarthritis*

BACKGROUND: Defects in apoptotic signaling pathways play important role in tumor initiation, progression, metastasis and resistance to treatment. Several proteins which may promote tumorigenesis by inhibiting apoptosis were identified. The survivin protein is the member of inhibitor of apoptosis protein(IAPs) family which inhibits apoptosis. Unlike other IAPs, it is expressed in during the fetal period but not in adult differentiated tissues. Many reports have stated that survivin is selectively expressed in many cancer cell lines and cancer tissues. We performed immunohistochemical analysis for survivin expression in non-small cell lung cancer to get evaluate its clinical implication. METHODS: Twenty nine surgically resected lung cancers were examined. Immunohistochemical staining were performed by immuno-peroxidase technique using avidin-biotinylated horseradish peroxidase complex in the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue 4 µm section. Anti-survivin polyclonal antibody was used for primary antibody and anti-p53 monoclonal antibody was also used to analyze the correlation between survivin and p53 expression. The survivin expression scores were determined by as the sum of the stained area and intensity. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical analysis showed cancer specific expression of survivin in 20 of 29 cases (69.0%). Western blot analysis also showed the selective survivin expression in turmor tissue. There was no correlation between survivin expression and clinicopathological parameters and prognosis. We analyzed the correlated between survivin expression and p53 expression, but found none. CONCLUSION: We confirmed the tumor specific expression of survivin in non-small cell lung cancer But this pression was not correlated with clinical parameters as well as histlogy, tumor stage recurrence, and sur rate. Also it ws not statistically correlated with the expression of p53.
Adult ; Apoptosis ; Blotting, Western ; Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* ; Cell Line ; Horseradish Peroxidase ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins* ; Lung Neoplasms ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Recurrence

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has emerged rapidly as a popular alternative to tradidonal laparotomy and cholecystectomy in the management of cholelithiasis. The advantages of shorter hospital stay, more rapid return to normal activities are combined with less pain associated with the small limited incisions. But it has some disadvantages related to insufflation of a large amount of carbon dioxide into peritoneal cavity. METHODS: To investigate ventilatory and hemodynamic changes during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, we observed the changes in blood pressure (systole, diastole, mean), heart rate, end-tidal carbon dioxide tension (PerCO2), arterial carbon dioxide tension(PaCO2), and arterial oxygen tension(PaO2) at intervals during general anesthesia with controlled ventilation (tidal volume: 10 mg/kg, ventilatory rate: 10 breaths/min). RESULTS: Mean arterial pressure was increased significantly until 30 minutes after carbon dioxide insufflation(p<0.05). Heart rate was not changed significantly throughout the operation. End-tidal carbon dioxide tension and arterial carbon dioxide tension were increased significantly during carbon dioxide insufflation(p<0.01), but arterial oxygen tension was not decreased significantly throughout the operation. CONCLUSIONS: This study described 19 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy and analyzed the changes in hemodynamic and ventilatory parameters. It is important for anesthesiologist to monitor ventilation and hemodynamics carefully because the patients with cardiac or pulmonary diseases may be adversely affected by the hypercarbia associated with carbon dioxide insufflation.
Anesthesia, General ; Arterial Pressure ; Blood Pressure ; Carbon Dioxide ; Cholecystectomy ; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic* ; Cholelithiasis ; Diastole ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Insufflation ; Laparoscopy ; Laparotomy ; Length of Stay ; Lung Diseases ; Oxygen ; Peritoneal Cavity ; Ventilation

BACKGROUND: Histological analysis of tuberculosis shows a spectrum of findings, from well formed granulmatous inflammation with few bacilli in patient with normal immune response to M. tuberculosis to poorly formed granulomatous inflammation with many bacilli in patient with defective immune response. To evaluate the degree of immune response to M. tuberculosis, we studied the histologic features, including the presence of acid fast bacilli(AFB) in lymph node of patients with cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis, and compared them with clinical characteristics. METHODS: We reviewed the histologic features of 33 cases of cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis and processed the excised nodes for auramine-rhodamine staining to detect AFB. The AFB positivity in tissue was compared with the histologic features(degree of granuloma formation, presence of caseation necrosis, presence of neutrophilic infiltration) and clinical characteristics (lymph node size, duration of symptom, presence of local symptom or radiologic evidence of pulmonary tuberculosis). RESULTS: 1) The mean age at diagnosis was 42.4 years, and male to female ratio was 1 : 45. 2) Histologically, all cases showed well formed granuloma and variable degrees of caseation necrosis, and 39% of the cases showed neutrophilic infiltration in the granulomatous inflammation. 3) AFB were confirmed in 52% of the cases, and they were found extracellularly and at the periphery of caseation necrosis. 4) There was no association between AFB Positivity and histological features or clinical characteristics. CONCLUSION: Cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis showed well formed granulomatous inflammation with caseation necrosis, and there was no association between AFB positivity in the tissue and histological or clinical characteristics.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphadenitis ; Male ; Necrosis ; Neutrophils ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Lymph Node*

Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) functions as a suppressor of inflammation by inhibiting the expression of many cytokine gene activated by NF-κB. The goal of this study is to investigate the mechanism by which GR repress NF-κB activation in lung epithelial cells. We used A549 and BEAS-2B lung epithelial cell lines. Using IgGκ-NF-κB luciferase reporter gene construct, we found that dexamethasone significantly suppressed TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation and the overexpression of GR showed dose-dependent reduction of TNF-α-induced NF-κB activity in both cell lines. However, DNA binding of NF-κB induced by TNF-α in electromobility shift assay was not inhibited by dexamethasone. Super shift assay with anti-p65 antibody demonstrated the existence of p65 in NF-κB complex induced by TNF-α Western blot showed that IκBα degradation induced by TNF-α was not affected by dexamethasone and IκBκ was not induced by dexamethasone, neither. To evaluate p65 specific transactivation, we adopted co-transfection study of Ga14-p65TA1 or TA2 fusion protein expression system together with 5xGa14-luciferase vector. Co-transfection of GR with Ga14-p65TA1 or TA2 repressed luciferase activity profoundly to the level of 10-20% of p65TA1- or TA2-induced transcriptional activity. And this transrepressional effect was abolished by co-transfection of CBP or SRC-1 expression vectors. These results suggest that Gr-mediated transrepression of NF-κB in lung epithelial cells is through competing for binding to limiting amount of transcriptional coactivators, CBP or SRC-1.
Blotting, Western ; Cell Line ; Dexamethasone* ; DNA ; Epithelial Cells* ; Genes, Reporter ; Inflammation ; Luciferases ; Lung ; NF-kappa B* ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid ; Transcriptional Activation*

No abstract available.
Sparganosis*

BACKGOUND: Renal tubular epithelial cells are primary target for hypoxic injury. Hypoxia induced tubular cell apoptosis has been reported previously and thought to be important mechanism of renal dysfunction in ischemic ARF, but precise signaling mechanisms need to be defined. The aim of this study is to clarify intracellular signaling mechanism mediating apoptosis by hypoxic stimuli in cultured tubular cells. METHODS: HK-2 cells were placed in hypoxic chamber (O2<1%) for 24 hrs in minimal essential medium. DNA fragmentation was detected by Hoechst 33342 stain and FACS. The activation of caspase was measured by fluorometry and activations of p-38, ERK, and JNK were examined by western blot analysis. RESULTS: Hypoxia induced caspase 3 activation and apoptosis at 24 hrs and this was accompanied by increased phosphorylation of p-38, ERK1/2, and JNK. Pretreatment of p-38 inhibitor (SB 203280) and JNK inhibitor (SP600125) did not afftect the activation of caspase 3 and apoptosis but inhibition of ERK1/2 by PD98059 resulted in partial inhibition of caspase 3 and apoptosis induced by hypoxia. CONCLUSION: ERK 1/2 activation can be an upstream signal in hypoxia induced caspase 3 activation and apoptosis in tubular cells.
Anoxia* ; Apoptosis* ; Blotting, Western ; Caspase 3 ; DNA Fragmentation ; Epithelial Cells ; Fluorometry ; Negotiating ; Phosphorylation

Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), which was first identified in western Canada in 1991 and more recently in the United States, Europe and Asia, is an emerging disease in pigs. Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) is the primary infectious viral agent causing PMWS, but the full expression of the disease may require the presence of other agents. It is reported that there is apparent synergism between PCV-2 and porcine parvovirus (PPV) in increasing the severity of the clinical signs and lesions of PMWS. From January 2006 to May 2008, a total of the 154 lymph node samples were collected from 4~12 weeks old pigs which had been submitted to the College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Korea. These pigs were diagnosed as PMWS on the basis of clinical and pathological examination from 48 commercial herds in Jeju Island. Based on the immunohistochemistry, porcine parvovirus was detected in 69 cases (44.8%) from 154 weaned or grower pigs. PPV antigens were detected in the cytoplasm of histiocytic cells multifocally infiltrated in the cortex and paracortex of lymph nodes. The results of this study clarify that PPV is prevalent in pigs with PMWS on Jeju Island. Therefore PPV is one of the most important co-agents in the development of naturally acquired PMWS. This study may be helpful to the control of this disease and to epidemiological aspects.
Asia ; Canada ; Circovirus ; Coinfection ; Cytoplasm ; Europe ; Immunohistochemistry ; Korea ; Lymph Nodes ; Parvovirus, Porcine ; Prevalence ; Swine ; United States ; Veterinary Medicine ; Wasting Syndrome