A retrospective analysis was done on 68 patients with primary superficial bladder cancer between September 1989 and December 1995. We evaluated the predictive value of urine cytology in the recurrence and the progression of superficial bladder cancer. Positive cytology was shown in 52.9% (36/68) and was significantly associated with tumor grade (p=0.001). The recurrence rate in patients with negative cytology was 28.1% (9/32) compared to 77.8% (28/36) in those with positive cytology (p=0;001). No patients of negative cytology had tumor progression while 4 out of 36 (11.1%) patients of positive cytology had progression to invasive or metastatic disease. In conclusion, urinary cytology appears to be a significant prognostic factor in superficial bladder cancer.
Humans ; Recurrence* ; Retrospective Studies ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.
Liver* ; Neoplasm Metastasis*

A case of Osteogenic sarcoma arised from orbit 4 years after the radiation therapy for retinoblastoma in a 9 years old girl is presented. 4 Years ago, under the diagnosis of retinoblastoma, the left orbital exenteration was performed and was treated with x-ray radiation giving 4.500 gamma tumor dose in 4, weeks. On admission, the left orbital cavity was filled with hard mass and orbital bone revealed extensive destruction with osteoplastic changes on x-ray, and diffuse sarcomatous growth of anaplastic cells with abundant osteogenesis and osteoclastic activity microscopically. It is of authors' opinion that osteogenic sarcoma of orbital bone in this presented case might developed by irradition on retinoblastoma.
Child ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Orbit ; Osteoclasts ; Osteogenesis ; Osteosarcoma* ; Retinoblastoma*

No abstract available.
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated* ; Doxorubicin

We reviewed 26 patients with staghorn calculi to determine whether extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) monotherapy with Dornier MPL-9000X lithotriptor is a successful alternative to the classical approaches. Of the staghorn calculi 5 cases were complete and 21 cases were incomplete staghorn. Double-J ureteral stents were placed in 24 of 26 patients before the ESWL. Of 15 patients with stone volume less than 20ml, 12(80%) showed stone-free after 5.7 mean session of ESWL. Of 11 patients with stone volume more than 20 ml, 7 (64%) became stone-free after 7.1 mean session of ESWL. The post-ESWL complications were flank pain in 9 patients (35%), gross hematuria in 24 (92%), high fever in 3 (13%) and steinstrasse in 24 (92%). Frank pain and high fever were managed successfully with analgesics and antibiotics. Gross hematuria disappeared spontaneously within 2 days. For the steinstrasse, the stone fragments passed spontaneously in 15 cases (62.5%) and ESWL to the steinstrasse was needed in other 9 cases (37.5%). Though the treatment of choice for the staghorn stones is combination therapy (PNL and ESWL) at the present, we experienced good results by ESWL monotherapy in staghorn calculi with Dornier MPL-9000X.
Analgesics ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Calculi* ; Fever ; Flank Pain ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Lithotripsy* ; Shock* ; Stents ; Ureter

No abstract available.
Hand*

A number of genetic and environmental factors influence athletic performance. Cardiovascular fitness is an important factor of athletic success, and ACE gene is a good candidate for regulating cardiac and vascular function. Because younger subjects have less chance of being exposed to environmental factors than older ones, genetic factors have a relatively greater influence on younger subjects. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of I/D polymorphism in the ACE gene between Korean young controls and athletes. By association study, there were no significant differences in genotype and allele distributions between two groups, respectively (P> 0.05). When stratified by sporting disciplines, the significant difference in distribution was not also detected in our study (P> 0.05). These results do not support the hypothesis that the I/D polymorphism in the ACE gene is associated with endurance performance in Korean young subjects.
Alleles ; Athletes* ; Athletic Performance ; Genotype ; Humans ; Sports

PURPOSE: We compared the prophylatic effects and complications of intravesical instillation of the epirubicin and Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) in patients with stage T1 bladder cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total 87 patients with stage T1 bladder cancer were treated with transurethral resection (TUR) between January 1992 and April 1998. Of them, 51 patients received BCG (Connaught strain, 81mg), 16 patients received 50mg epirubicin and 20 patients underwent TUR alone. The patients were followed for 18-78 months (mean 40 months). Recurrence rates, progression rates, mean months to tumor recurrence, recurrence free survival rate using Kaplan-Meier curve and complications were compared among three groups. RESULTS: The overall recurrence rate was 27.5% in BCG group, 37.5% in epirubicin group and 65% in control group. Mean months to tumor recurrence and recurrence free survival rate showed that both drugs were superior to TUR alone. The incidence of complications was 94% in BCG group and 12.5% in epirubicin group. CONCLUSIONS: BCG and epirubicin were superior to TUR alone in the prophylaxis of recurrence in stage T1 bladder cancer. Although the prophylactic efficacy of BCG was a little higher than that of the epirubicin, the toxicity rate of epirubicin was much lower than that of BCG. Therefore, epirubicin may be regarded as an alternative treatment of the BCG, especially for the patients who cannot tolerate the side effects of BCG.
Administration, Intravesical ; Bacillus* ; Epirubicin* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mycobacterium bovis ; Recurrence ; Survival Rate ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder*

PURPOSE: Recently the percutaneous aspiration with sclerotherapy of the simple renal cyst are being widely used because of the high success rate and the low morbidity. However, studies concerning the long term result of this technique have been rarely reported. Thus, we performed this study to evaluate the long term results of this technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated the long term result of the treatment in 20 cases of simple renal cysts from July 1993 to July 1998. The symptoms associated with simple renal cysts were: none(55%), pain(35%) and palpable mass(10%). The simple renal cysts were treated with percutaneous aspiration and injection of 99% ethanol in 15 cases or percutaneous aspiration and injection of 10% tetracycline solution in 5 cases. All were followed by ultrasound from 18 to 58 months(mean 32.7 months). RESULTS: Complete collapse, partial collapse and recurrence of the renal cysts were 5/15(33.3%), 7/15(46.6%), 3/15(20%) in 99% ethanol group and 3/5(60%), 1/5(20%), 1/5(20%) in 10% tetracycline solution group, respectively. Overall efficacies were 80% in both groups. Furthermore, all recurrences occurred within the first year of follow up period in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Therefore, percutaneous aspiration with sclerotherapy using 99% ethanol or 10% tetracycline solution seem to be an effective way to prevent re-accumulation of cystic fluid. It also proved to have a positive long term result concerning the relapse of the simple renal cyst.
Ethanol ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Recurrence ; Sclerotherapy* ; Tetracycline ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Ring Chromosomes*