Single dose(1.0 cc) of 20 % 2, 6-diiodo-4-nitrophenol solution was injected to 82 hookworm infected cases and 79% of them became egg-negative within 2-3 weeks after the injection. Mild to severe local pain were experienced for several minutes in all cases. Two cases complained of paralysis of the arms of the same side. The tablet of the same formula was given orally to 21 cases for 1-4 days. The 2-4 day course with 360 mg/day were enough to eliminate the parasite, and showed no systemic side effects.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda ; hookworm ; chemotherapy ; 2, 6-diiodo-4-nitrophenol

We observed the effect of application of n-PTFE on mandibular bone defects in the rabbit. GTR is based on the hypothesis that during wound healing, non-osteogenic cells are mechanically blocked from entering a bone defect. This allows the slower-migrating mesenchymal cells from the surrounding bone and marrow, having osteogenic potential, to move the defect site. Bilateral through & through defects, 8mmx4mm in size, involving the inferior border of mandible, were created in the mandible angle of 15 rats. The experimental side was applied with high-density n-PTFE membrane, with the opposite side serving as a control. In the first week of the early experimental period, the bone defects of experimental groups were filled with highly vascularized fibrous connective tissue showing prominent osteoblastic activity with osteoid formation, whereas the defects of control were replaced by dense fibro-muscular tissue without osteoblastlf activity. After 3 weeks, the experimental group revealed well formed bone trabeculae and fibro-vascular marrow within surrounding membrane. With time the amount of new bone was decreased with increase of hematopoietic marrow, and the cortical plate composed of dense mature bone was more thicker. In the whole experimental periods, the inflammation and foreign body reaction were not found around the inserted n-PTFE membrane. After removal of membrane there was marked remodeling of newly formed bone by active osteoclasts in periosteal soft tissue, which decreased the bone volume apparently. These findings suggest that n-PTFE has biocompatibility, flexibility, and rigidity and offer rapid bone regeneration within limited area by the membrane. On the other hand, the early removal of membrane caused reduction of bone volume by the osteoclastic resorption. Thus, the time of removal may be more important factor for maintenance of regenerated bone volume.
Animals ; Bone Marrow ; Bone Regeneration ; Connective Tissue ; Foreign-Body Reaction ; Hand ; Inflammation ; Mandible ; Membranes ; Osteoblasts ; Osteoclasts ; Pliability ; Rabbits* ; Rats ; Wound Healing

A choledochocele is a benign cyst-like herniation of the intramural segment of the distal common bile duct protruding into the duodenal lumen. Cholangiography is essential to demonstrate a choledochocele. Because choledochoceles are often associated with characteristic structual alterations of the papilla of Vater and the peripapillary area, ERCP is helpful in demonstrating a choledochocele. We present the clinical, endoscopic and radiographic (ERCP) findings in a patient with choledochocele.
Cholangiography ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Choledochal Cyst* ; Common Bile Duct ; Humans

A choledochocele is a benign cyst-like herniation of the intramural segment of the distal common bile duct protruding into the duodenal lumen. Cholangiography is essential to demonstrate a choledochocele. Because choledochoceles are often associated with characteristic structual alterations of the papilla of Vater and the peripapillary area, ERCP is helpful in demonstrating a choledochocele. We present the clinical, endoscopic and radiographic (ERCP) findings in a patient with choledochocele.
Cholangiography ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Choledochal Cyst* ; Common Bile Duct ; Humans

No abstract available.
Diabetes Mellitus* ; Hearing* ; Humans

In order to group the pelvic obliquity into clinically useful classification and to develop appropriate guidelines for treatment, we evaluated 55 patients who had been treated between 1985 and 1993 for pelvic obliquity after poliomyelitis. Age at surgery ranged from 15 years to 49 years (average 27 years). Fixed pelvic obliquity after poliomyelitis was classified into two major types according to the level of the pelvis relative to the short limb and into four subtypes in each type according to the direction and severity of scoliosis. Forty-six patients had obliquity with the pelvis down (type I), and nine patients had the pelvis up (type II) on the short limb side. Subtype A: straight spine with localized lower lumbar compensatory angulation, mainly at the L4-5 intervertebral space. Subtype B: mild scoliosis with convexity to the short limb side, Subtype C: mild scoliosis with convexity opposite to the short limb side. Subtype D: moderate to severe paralytic scoliosis, which has a convexity to the short limb side in type I and opposite to the short limb side in type II. In the pelvis of type I-A, I-B and I-C deformities, abduction contracture of the hip was released on the side of affected short limb, and lumbodorsal fasciotomy was performed on the contralateral side of short limb, where iliolumbar angle converged and the pelvis was elevated, if necessary. In most cases, hip instability existed on the side of short limb and it was treated with triple innominate osteotomy, which also contributed to leg length equalization by lengthening. In type II-A, II-B and II-C deformities, it was necessary to perform a triple innominate osteotomy on the side of affected short limb with adducted unstable hip in most cases. Lumbodorsal fasciotomy was performed above the iliac crest of elevated hemi-pelvis with short limb, where iliolumbar angle converged. In case of abduction contracture of contralateral hip, contracted fascia was released. In the pelvis that had a type I-D or type II-D deformities, treatment might include bony surgeries such as spinal fusion or triple innominate osteotomy, with appropriate soft tissue release. We propose a systemic and comprehensive classification for fixed pelvic obliquity after poliomyelitis. According to this classification, we and decide to combine corrective surgeries, and find the side where the surgery should be performed.
Classification ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Contracture ; Extremities ; Fascia ; Hip ; Humans ; Leg ; Osteotomy ; Pelvis ; Poliomyelitis ; Scoliosis ; Spinal Fusion ; Spine

Between 1992 and 1995 at Sung Ae Hospital, general surgery was performed on 39 patients with a spontaneous pneumothorax, a pyothorax, a traumatic hemopneumothorax. Thoracoscopic surgery was performed with laparoscopic materials and instruments. The mean age was 26.1 years (range 16 to 54). The female to male ratio was 6.8 : 1. The indication for this surgery were recurrence in 17 patient, persistent air leakage after closed thoracotomy in 12, a visible bleb on the chest X-ray or chest CT result in 5, diagnosis in 2, and bilateral occurrence in 1. Thoracoscopies were performed on 39 patients, but operation were performed on 37 patients. The two patients the bullae could not be found. The operative procedures were stapling with Endo-GIA (21 cases), Endo-loop ligation (15 cases), and thoracoscopic examination (1 case). Tirty-six of the 39 patients were treated successfully. The one case histories of two patients could not be found, and one case was managed through a limited posterolateral thoracotomy. The causes of failure were an obscured operative field due to massive bleeding and a foreign body which was two large to remove from the thoracic cavity through the skin incision. A total of 16 postoperative complications oscurred in 11 patients. This rate is somewhat higher than those of other reports because of our lack of experiences during the initial years of the study, but it decreased progressively as experience was accumulated and instruments were improved. Operative mortality was absent. These patients were cured of their problems and benefitted from the decreased trauma of access by reduced pain, rapid recovery, and decreased scarring of the skin. In conclusion, videothoracoscopic surgery carries low morbidity and mortality and high diagnostic and therapeutic success rates and can be effectively applied to the surgical treatment of thoracic disease.
Blister ; Cicatrix ; Diagnosis ; Empyema, Pleural ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; Hemopneumothorax ; Hemorrhage ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Ligation ; Male ; Mortality ; Pneumothorax ; Postoperative Complications ; Recurrence ; Skin ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; Thoracic Cavity ; Thoracic Diseases ; Thoracoscopy ; Thoracotomy ; Thorax ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No Abstract Available.
Head* ; Osteonecrosis* ; Rabbits*

The standard vision test using Snellen acuity is not always an accurate indicat or of functional vision loss. Acuity measures optical blur, but psudophakic eyes frequently do not affect optical blur. Therefore, acuity cannot provide relevant informations on the loss of vision experienced by the patients. Contrast sensitivity, not acuity, has been shown to be effective in determining functional vision loss due to psudophakic eyes. The MCT 8000(R), glare and contrast sensitivity system. was used for measurement of contrast sensitivity in 19 pseudophakic eyes at postoperative 1 month, 18 pseudophakic eyes at post-operative 3 months and 18 normal control eyes. The results were as follows: 1) Contrast sensitivity decreased in pseudophakic eyes compared to normal eyes in four different conditions; day vision, day vision with perpheral glare, night vision and night vision with central glare. 2) In pseudophakic eyes, contrast sensitivity was not different between 1 month and 3 months postoperatively.
Contrast Sensitivity* ; Glare ; Humans ; Night Vision ; Pseudophakia ; Vision Tests

Talipes equinovarus deformity associated with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita(AMC) is rigid and its treatment is still controversial. The purpose of this study is to review the trend of recurrence after soft tissue release, and to delineate the risk factors affecting recurrence. Forty-one clubfeet in 24 AMC patients underwent soft tissue release as the first operation at the average age of 1 year 2 months (range, 6 months - 5 years 11 months) and were followed up for an average of 5 year 6 months (range, 2 years 1 month 14 years 5 months). Types of soft tissue release were Turcos posteromedial release (PMR) in 26 cases and posteromediolateral release (PMLR) using the modified Cincinati incision in 15 cases. Recurrences occurred in seventeen clubfeet (41%). A variety of recurrent deformity was corrected by redo PMR or PMLR, osteotomy, talectomy, arthrodesis, or Ilizarov technique. Average number of operations was 1.5 per case. Four parameters were analyzed in relation to recurrence: type of arthrogryposis, initial equinus deformity, type of primary soft tissue release, and age at the first operation. Recurrence occurred in proportion to the severity of initial equinus deformity, and was more frequent in amyoplasia type than in distal arthrogryposis type. However, neither the type of soft tissue release nor the age at the first operation was significant contributing factor to recurrence.
Arthrodesis ; Arthrogryposis* ; Clubfoot* ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Equinus Deformity ; Humans ; Ilizarov Technique ; Osteotomy ; Recurrence* ; Risk Factors